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Using marathon club membership as a segmentation variable, author investigated the relationship between full-course marathoners’ satisfaction dimensions of service attributes and their re-attendance intention in future racing. The analysis revealed that there were six satisfaction dimensions such as race management, awards and events, ancillary service, entry service, eligibility requirements, and pre-race programs. Marathoners placed higher satisfaction mean scores on these six dimensions than did their counterparts. In terms of the relationship between runners’ satisfaction dimensions and their re-attend intention, race management and pre-race programs had an effect on members’ re-attend intention whereas race management and entry process had on their counterparts’ re-attend intention.

This paper introduces the driving factors of network formation in world airline industry. Especially it clarifies the path from dyadic relationship to multilateral relationship, network. Authors identify four key factors deemed important for formulating network: (1) prior relationship (2) triggering entity(airline firms which develop the concept of network and try to persuade other firms to join the network. Generally, they are the airline firms which have superior resource and competitive advantage), (3) complementary resources, (4) similarity on features of firm. The data is collected from 150 airline companies. In sum the result suggests that network is the extended form of dyadic alliances.

This study estimates the possibilities of hotel bankruptcy using various analytic methods such as multivariate discriminant model, logistic regression model and artificial neural network model. The estimated models suggest that debt-burned hotels with low profit margin and return on common stockholders’ equity are more likely to be candidates of bankruptcy. The analysis of in-model variables, along with a cross-group comparison of financial ratios, suggests that bankrupt hotels have heavily relied on debt to finance fast sales growth without paying proper attention to controlling their operating expenses and financing costs. Author suggests in conclusion that to avoid bankruptcy risk hoteliers are encouraged to adopt a prudent growth strategy accompanied by less debt financing and tighter cost control.

Based on Michel Foucault’s works on power theory, this study analyses leisure and tourism discourses appeared in mass media. Mass media both provides informations and knowledges to their reader and produces discourses, which contribute to evoking modern topics to think about. In this context, authors analyze mass mediated leisure and tourism discourse of editorials appeared at major daily newspapers, Chosun Ilbo and Hankyore for ten years, from 1993 to 2002. The research questions are: how do the mass media construct leisure and tourism issues in editorials and what is the difference between the newspapers? what are the effects of leisure and tourism discourses on making modern subject? Finally this study suggests several research problems that should be further solved.

Using survey data of a hotel restaurant in Seoul, this paper analyzes relations between sales pattern and restaurant table characteristics, number of customers, visit hour during past six months from December, 2004 to May, 2005. According to the results, types of table influenced significantly on buyers expenditure whereas location of the restaurant table did not. Further, sales amount was found not related to number of guests as receipts increase proportionally with the guest numbers of the restaurant, which implies that one need not to put any priority on the grouped guests. However as time and table types were found related, restaurant manager are encouraged to observe closely table use patterns by time which could lead to develope customer-oriented management strategy.

Since 1997 foreign exchange crisis when the Korean economy was in economic jeopardy many of Korean hotels fell down to entrepreneurial merger targets . So merger and acquisition became an important issue of the day. Actually a hotel management company was made and have acquired various grades of hotels. This study is to find out the significant difference of financial information between the merger and acquisition target hotels and general deluxe hotels and predict merger and acquisition targets of hotels. Autjors used seven variables, firm size, management efficiency, profitability, activity, financial leverage, liquidity and growth-resources imbalance. The result showed a significant difference of profitability and activity between the merger and acquisition target hotels.

This study was to explore effects of fear appeal advertising with tourism environment on the environmental attitudes and behaviors of tourists. As experimental subjects, 270 tourists visited to national park Ju-Wang Mt. as a destination were sampled conveniently. Four different kinds of experimental conditions with advertisement were distributed into the subjects with quasi experimental design. The experimental conditions, three types of Ads and null Ads were included in the questionnaires. As the results, three Fear Appeal Ads types were identified affecting on the environmental attitude, environmental behaviors, and the relation of attitude and behaviors.

This paper draws on both theories of social representation and social exchange in order to compares the results of two show caves in an effort to identify some parallels in residents’ perception of show cave tourism. Data were collected from Sungryu-cave at Wooljin, Kyong-buk Province and Kosu-cave at Danyang, Chung-buk Province. There was general support for tourism among residents, but it was revealed that the communities were not homeogenous in their views. That is, in case of economic impact residents near the caves were found evaluating situation favorably than the one at the remote distance. while social and environmental impact perceptions could be indeterminable. Rather than distances from the tourist caves, industrial characteristics such as commercial or farming areas were found the determining factor.

Contrary to the disinterestedness from the academics, ‘cultural contents industry’ including printing, broadcasting, advertising, entertainment, cultural tourism and other manufactures are receiving much interests nowadays in Korea. Defining cultural contents as an industry in which upper mentioned sectors were involved, authors investigated the growth sources in the industry during the 1985～2000 period using I/O structural decomposition analysis. With 1985 to 2000 I/O tables, the sources of industrial growth were decomposed into six, private consumption, government consumption, export, export substitution of final/intermediate, technological development. The analysis shows that the decomposed private sector were contributing much to the growth of the cultural content industry than the government sector.

Using Importance-Performance analysis, a quadrant method, this paper examines island destinations as tourist attraction. The study island considered are Jeju in the southern Korean peninsula and Okinawa island in south-pacific of Japan. Visiting tourists to both islands were asked to rate attractiveness attributes of each island. The results indicate that at quadrantⅠ(keep it up), those visited Jeju involved the attributes such as natural attraction, scenery, public hygiene, safety, cultural attraction, and localism, while those visited Okinawa were the ones such as natural beauty, localism, public hygiene, safety, hospitality, and social mood. At quadrant Ⅱ(Concentration), Jeju took the comfortable traffic condition and hospitality, but Okinawa was found taking the weather and traffic condition within destination. The results may support the tourism destination manager and planner understand the way of satisfying island tourists.

Unlike manufacturing industry, hotels as an service industry heavily rely on human resources which constitute main sources of asset in the industry. Along this line this paper would like to observe the factors affecting work satisfaction of the hotel employees that could lead to help an effective human resources management. Modeling intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing job satisfaction author surveyed questionnaires distributed to workers in deluxe hotels at Seoul. Factor analysis and structural equation revealed that all the hypothesized factors such as work condition, leadership, personal development opportunity, wage and fringe benefits, work stability and peer group relationship affect the work satisfaction significantly in statistical sense.

This study purports to investigate whether the tourism/leisure satisfaction affects the physicalemotional stress and the satisfaction with life for North Korean defectors. Method of analysis is a path analysis using a structure equation model The results show that tourism and leisure satisfaction affects negatively physical emotional stress while leisure satisfaction affects positively satisfaction with life and emotional stress influences negatively to life satisfaction. The paper suggests that various social tourism/leisure programs are needed to help North Korean defectors so that they may be adapted harmoniously to the new environment.

Franchise success depends on the establishment level between franchisor and franchisee. This paper has explored the franchisor’s control and support on uniformity of restaurant franchise. Results indicated that restaurant franchisors were aware of need for maintaining uniformity and they have been applying control method. Enhancing the uniformity was drawn when four controling methods: i.e. field audit, mystery shopping, financial management, and peer monitoring are applied. Also franchisor’s material support and education support are significantly associated with uniformity of franchise. Especially, franchisor’s administration manual was found remarkably influencing the franchise uniformity.

This paper observes the distinction among institutionalized mass tourist, semi-institutionalized tourist and non-institutionalized tourist in the context of tourist behavior and socio-economic impact on the region. The characteristics of backpackers or budget travellers as a form of independent travel are elaborated through the qualitative literature review. Also, data collected from international visitors in Seoul with 433 respondents indicate that these non-institutionalized tourists or backpackers exhibit characteristics which differentiate them from other visitors and that they are of economic importance to destination society. Observing the favorable roles of non-institutionalized tourists to our national/local economy, author warns the concerned authorities of too wrongly supporting of mass tourism policy

This study examines a discriminant validity between the franchisees’ perceived work values and job effectiveness variables and tests the impacts of work values determinants on the job effectiveness. 231 franchisees data were gathered from Seoul, Pusan, and Taegu cities. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that franchisees’ work values were composed of three dimensions( i.e. extrinsic variable, intrinsic variables, additional variables) and five factors(i.e. economic stability, recognition, professionalism, way of life, relationship). And the result of mediated regression and structural equation model analysis showed that work values determinants had influences on the job effectiveness variables and the job effectiveness variables also had influence on the job durability.

Using a survey against the respondents visiting ‘Beatles Story’ museum, Liverpool, UK. this article investigates whether tourist information and visit motivations significantly impact on tourist’s destination image formation and destination loyalty. Travel motivations were used for internal factor while the quantity of travel information was used for external one in order to measure the structural equation model constructed by cognitive image, affective image and destination loyalty. Information quantity was found significantly influencing cognitive image while motivations influenced both cognitive and affective image. On the other hand cognitive image exerted an impact on destination loyalty whereas affective image did not. These findings seem to endorse an attitude theory supported by Bagozzi and Baloglu.

This study investigates the links among organizational justice, job satisfaction and turnover intention at hotel firms. Authors hypothesized that the factor structure of justice would be divided into two factors; distributional justice and procedural justice. Testing turnover model with a sample of 227 hotel employees, authors examine distributive and procedural justice as both direct and indirect predictors of turnover intention and job satisfaction. The results of this study suggest that distributive justice should be regarded as an important dimension of justice to predict the job satisfaction while procedural justice should be regarded as an important dimension of justice to predict the turnover intention.

A brand extension is another area of interest in marketing .research This study is to find out how people react to the extended brand when the marketing strategies were connected to the original brand. Case study of brand extension is here hotel business involving Shilla, Walkerhill, Intercontinental, Chosun, Plaza Hotel. A non-random surveyed 639 respondents were used as analysing data. As a result of the impact of hotel brand equity on the performance of expanded brand, it was found that the lower involvement had less positive effect on the evaluation of the brand expansion while higher involvement at original brand was found connected to the extended brand rather highly.

Sun-lust resort hotel unlike other businesses tend to suffer from high seasonal and economic fluctuations at high-low season or weekday-weekend period. Using monthly sales data of deluxe hotel of Gyeongju. during past ten years this paper forecasts and evaluates the bedroom sales trends. The result shows that the difference exists quite a lot between on-season and off-season of room sales of deluxe hotel of Gyeongju. In the forecast multiplicative seasonal ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1,0) model was found the most appropriate one. Authors suggest that the daily sales forecast are preferable to monthly sales forecast if data conditions are met.

This study deals with customer’s schematic process differentiated by airline’s positioning strategy. In order to analyze how airline customers perceive types of the differentiated positioning in terms of schematic processes and how schematic processes affect customers’ attitude and behavioral intention, the experimental design has been used.The research found that schema processing has a positive influence on subjects’ attitudes and behaviors according to the positioning differentiation of the airline company. Overall, the result has shown that the value of the sub-typing model was higher than that of schema-plus-tag model, which means that the sub-typing model has far greater influences on customers’ attitudes and behavioral intention. The schema theory provides diversity and an analytic foundation of positioning strategy studies in the hospitality industry.