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Based on Denzin and Lincoln’s moment analysis of qualitative researches and that of Philimore and Goodson’s application on tourism periodicals, author investigates into Journal of Tourism Sciences(JTS), one of prime Korean tourism periodicals, while comparing it with Annals of Tourism Research(ATR) and other western tourism periodicals. He first reviews the concept, characteristics and differences laid within quantitative and qualitative methods. According to 1996 to 2006 JTS articles most of the writers were found relying on questionnaires study unlike those writers of ATR. Qualitative articles were found so few and simple methodologically that it makes us hard to say that Korean journal articles are over the quantitative threshold. The remote and immediate causes underlying this are discussed.핵심용어(Key words):질적 연구방법(qualitative research method), 양적연구방법(quantitative research method), 메타분석(Meta-analysis), 관광학연구(tourism research)

This paper is to reconstruct the sociology of Erik Cohen logically, one of the founders in the field of tourism sociology. To do this his original writings on diverse issues have been closely scrutinized. Results show that sociologists such as Eisenstadt, Ben-David and Talmon have significantly influenced on the Cohen's theoretical and methodological point of view. In addition, tourism scholars such as Boorstin, MacCannell, Graburn, and Buck and their works also have influenced upon Cohen's interests in diverse aspects of modern tourism. In terms of research topics, results also show that Cohen's sociology of tourism has been shifted five times. Based on the review of the development process of Cohen's works, evaluation of his contributions has been suggested.핵심용어(Key words):관광사회학(tourism sociology), 코헨(Conen), 질적 방법론(qualitative method), 관광객(tourists)

This study was to modify leisure constraint model developed by Crawford, Jackson, and Godbey(1991). The basic ideal is that the social structure and individual actions have interactive influences on each other. Based on the findings, the model of integrated leisure constraints(M-ILC) was suggested. Unlike previous one, the model directly integrated macroscopic subjective social structure(e.g., culture, norm and values) in addition to macroscopic objective social structure(e.g., society, law, and bureaucracy) as the model variable. Further, the proposed model also distinguished the role of intrinsic motivation(and subjective intra constraints) and extrinsic motivation(and objective intra constraints) in that while the former has a direct influence on leisure participation and the latter has a indirect moderate role.핵심용어(Key words):여가제약모형(leisure constraint model ), 사회구조와 행위(social structure and activity), 생태적 접근모형(ecologically approaching model), 맑스주의(Marxism)

This article deals with methodological issues around cultural tourism studies, in which author tries to suggest methodological alternatives. Author first reviews existing cultural tourism studies appeared in Journal of Tourism Sciences published recently and figure out current condition and problems cultural tourism studies are faced with. Against the revealed problems in methodology he recommend Fuzzy model as an alternative remedy for approaching those issues. Writer notes that fuzzy system model has been applied to various disciplines involving economics, sociology, management studies, psychology and linguistics for decision-making under the ambiguous situations and specification of unclear objects. Notwithstanding it's complexities and difficulties fuzzy model involves, he holds the model is proper for approaching cultural tourism studies핵심용어(Key words):문화관광(cultural tourism), 가능성 분포(possibility distribution), 퍼지시스템( fuzzy system), 퍼지선형회귀모델(fuzzy linear regression model)

To develop a measurement scale of brand personality for the convention destination, authors adopted Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique(ZMET) as qualitative method of doing it. To develop "thick description" through the qualitative research, 13 experts in convention fields have been selected and interviewed. 550 items for the convention destination's BPS have been metaphorically elicited and finally 16 items have been decided. The brand personality scale(BPS) for the convention destination includes the five underlying dimensions: affluent, sincere, unique, sophisticated, and attractive. Notwithstanding several limitations the technique, authors think, will make a contribution to achieving a new horizon for the future convention research.핵심용어(Key words):은유유도기법(ZMET), 브랜드 개성(Brand Personality), 컨벤션 개최지(Convention Destination), 스토리텔링(Storytelling), 비언어적 수단(non-verbal vehicle)

Chris Rojek’s theoretical challenge on leisure theory is getting debating topic in a field of contemporary leisure study. This is to critically review Rojek’s criticism of the leisure theory of ‘social formalism’. Main focal point of this review is to examine the appropriateness of his key arguments and criticisms. For this purpose, authors trace and summarize historical development of hitherto overall leisure theory and Rojek’s works to identify their contributions and limitations. By a critical examination on his idea, authors found his distinctive contribution to theoretical development in a sociology of leisure, which is made on his attempt to open the debate of theoretical paradigm. However, authors also identified his fallacious points, which turned up in his criticism on key concepts of social formalists’ studies. 핵심용어(Key words):사회형식주의(social formalism), 사회학적 맥락(social context), 실증주의 연구(positive research), 기능주의(functinalism), 주관적 오류(subjective errors)

Developed in the field of cultural anthropology, the Cultural Consensus Analysis represents both theory and research method. While it was first developed to deal with the problem of intracultural variance in cultural studies, the key idea of the cultural consensus is that agreement between individuals is a function of their shared knowledge, and therefore the latter can be inferred from the former. ANTHROPAC is the most widely used software program for consensus analysis,and using ANTHROPAC,consensus analysis procduces three resutls; it tests whether there is consensus on the given subject among the respondents, estimates each respondent's cultural knowledge, and also estimates culturally defined true knowledge based on consensus. A case study is presented to illustrate how the method works. Cultural consensus has been extensively used in the field of anthropology and it will make a useful tool in studies of tourism too.핵심용어(Keywords): 문화적 합의(cultural consensus analysis), 응답자의 지식수준(knowledge score), 문화적으로 정의된 올바른 지식(culturally defined true knowledge), 공유된 지식(shared knowledge), ANTHROPAC.

This study is to explore that how tourist behavior is recognized by tourism researchers. applying concepts of structural linguistics and cognitive semantics, author used content analysis as a research method as a way of interpreting the phenomenon. From the analysis most researchers were found agreeing with interpreting the sentence ‘Gwankookjikwang Leeyongbinwuwang‘ (觀國之光 利用賓于王), an ancient aphorism described in the Book of Changes, as educational and cultural connotation. Also writers of Journal of Tourism Sciences(JTS), a Korean periodical published by TOSOK were found considering tourism mostly as a behavior that leaves temporally from the ordinary boundary of the community. Lastly found were the two academic categories that distinguish tourist behavior into the standard of distance only and distance-time.핵심용어(Key words):내용분석(content analysis), 프로토타이프 효과(prototype effect), 해석소(interpretant), 관광의 개념(concept of tourism)

This paper explore the influences of personification and personality of a destination on tourist attitudes to the destination, and identify whether the past travel experience affects to the personification level among various destinations. Five selected destinations and the last visited one were considered. The results from the data of 204 potential tourists sample are: First, personification level differs from the various destinations. Second, the effects that past travel experience influences on personification and brand personality were different given destination' kinds. And finally, it showed that destination personification would be significantly related to the post attitudes.핵심용어(Key words): 관광지의인화(Personification to destination), 관광지성격(Personality of a destination), 여행태도(Travel attitude), 방문의도(Visiting intention), 사전여행경험(Past travelling experience)

In recent years, the business travellers have come to represent an important segment within the hotel industry. Most major hotels do rely on them for a notable proportion of their turnover. Authors exert to find domestic business travellers' relevant importance of attributes and preferences of attributes' level, while developing an ideal product of mid-priced hotel for domestic business travellers. Focus group interview and hybrid conjoint analysis were employed. Writers state what level of attributes is considered most important to domestic business travellers, suggesting the ideal mid-priced hotel product for domestic business travellers. Hybrid conjoint analysis models validations were done to examine the validity of preference prediction and results were found significant.핵심용어(Keywords):국내 비즈니스 여행자(Domestic Business Traveller), 중가호텔(Mid-priced Hotels), 상품개발(Product Development), 컨조인트 분석(Conjoint Analysis)

The paper probes the role of knowledge-related resources between market orientation and service quality in deluxe hotel and casual dining restaurant chains, which are mostly franchised with advanced foreign countries' brands. The knowledge-related resources consist of imitation capability, market sensing capability, and organizational innovation. Author provide the conceptual framework among the study concepts. The model is empirically tested using multiple regression analysis. The model indicates a directly significant effect of market orientation on service quality, which is not mediated by the role of the knowledge-related resources. Market orientation initiates a great deal of direct effect on market sensing capability, but any knowledge-related resources do not carry such direct effect on service quality. 핵심용어(Key words):시장 지향성(Market Orientation), 지식 관련 자원(Knowledge-related Resources), 서비스 품질(Service Quality), 외국계 체인 환대 기업(HospitalityChains from Advanced Foreign Countries)

Governance is an alternative collaboration system to overcome the limitations of existing regime. This study issues a local tourism governance as an ideal tourism collaboration system for local tourism development. Authors observe the formation elements of local tourism governance while examining its development possibility using them. Selecting 183 samples, writers conducted in-depth interviews, and mail-surveys based on prior field survey. They found that the degree of formation elements of current local tourism governance influenced not only the degree of the performance, but also the degree of the future development of it. The findings imply that the formation elements of local tourism governance play an important role to perform and develop the governance.핵심용어(Keywords):지속가능한 관광개발(Sustainable tourism development), 로컬 관광거버넌스(Local tourism governance), 지역관광협력체(Local tourism collaboration system), 형성요인(Formation elements)

This study is to valuate urban parks using hedonic pricing method. The study was conducted on Daegu metropolitan city. Among types of residential buildings in Daegu, apartments were established as a population, and an empirical analysis was conducted to randomly selected 300 apartments. To calculate the amount of WTP(willingness to pay) for the parks, the marginal implicit price of the parks was calculated through partial differential in the hedonic price function. This marginal implicit price means WTP in case a park environment varies to another level and its figure was 0.04105P where P is price of apartment per 'pyeong'. According to the analysis, people were found intended to pay about more than 4.1% of the apartment price additionally when the park environment become bettered 1 unit additionally.핵심용어(Key words):여가공간(leisure place), 공원녹지(park), 헤도닉가격모형(hedonic price model)

This paper probes into the influence of relational commitment of food service franchising on management performance, franchisee satisfactions and re-contract. Questionnaire was made with 162 franchisees and managers for the practical verification. Through multiple regression, authors found that the relational commitment of food service franchising gave influence to management performance and franchisee satisfactions, and management performance gave influence to franchisee satisfactions and re-contract. Also franchisee satisfactions gave influence to re-contract. For amicable relationship between franchisers and franchisees writers emphasize efforts to enlarge respectability and confidence by both sides.핵심용어(Keywords):외식산업(foodservice industry), 프랜차이즈 시스템(franchise system), 관계결속(relational commitment),경영성과(management performance),가맹점만족(franchise satisfaction), 재계약의도(recontract will)

This study focuses on the relationship between brand identification and brand loyalty in the airline industry. This research was conducted to investigate the moderating role of trust and commitment in the relationship of Brand Identification on Brand Loyalty. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) Brand identification may have a positive impact on trust and commitment. (2) Trust and commitment that act as mediators in building branding loyalty can have a positive influence on Brand Loyalty. (3) Brand identification may have a direct negative impact on trust and commitment. Considering these results, authors suggest that brand identification is essential for airline customers management.핵심용어(Key words):브랜드 동일시(Brand Identification), 신뢰(Trust), 몰입(Commitment), 브랜드 로열티(Brand Loyalty)

This research is to determine if travel motivation has any relation to traveler's personality. As travel motivation has important role in predicting a traveler's behavior, it is valuable to examine a relationship between two variables. However, due to difficulties to measure the personality accurately, the relevant study has not been performed much. In this study, the personality was measured by Enneagram which has been verified by some of researchers. The findings demonstrate that the two variables are independable since the motivation can be changed by social, economical and environmental situation with demographical status etc. Another reason of the result is that the factors of motivation such as relaxation, have fun, cultural experiences and to meet new people are very universal to most of people.핵심용어(Key words):에니어그램(Enneagram), 여행 동기(travel motivation), 성격(personality)

The elderly leisure activity on the current times has been just on the point of being interested due to the aging society. This paper is to examine the characteristics of market segmented by identifying determinants of their lifestyles. As a research method, cluster analysis was done and five clusters were classified. Authors analysed the effects of determinants on segmented markets using a class of maximum-likelihood regression estimators for collected data by applying MNL. As the result, some significant variables examined for market segmentation such as learning activities and cultural activities were found out, meaning that the variety of their participating leisure activities exists in the old.핵심용어(Key words):라이프스타일(Lifestyle), 여가활동(Leisure Activity), 실버층(Mature Consumer), MNL(Multinomial Logit)

The outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) has struck on tourism industry in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the mysterious illness on visitors to South Korea. Authors research suggests a model for measuring the impact of SARS on South Korea's inbound demand during and immediately following the outbreak(March 2003 to July 2003). The forecasts, based on the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA) model, are then compared with the actual volume of the visitors arrival. The empirical results indicate that during these affected months, South Korea's international tourism industry was hardly hit by the disease.핵심용어(Keywords):사스(SARS), 외생적 충격(external impact), 아리마 모형(ARIMA model), 계절 아리마 모형(seasonal RIMA model)

From the standpoint of the partnership between the hotel and the contractor, this study approaches the issue of the outsourcing performance of hotel industry. Authors attempt to verify what effect the prerequisites of continuing the relationship have on the factor of the partnership quality, which is a factor in continuing the relationship, as well as what intermediary effect the partnership quality factors have on the outsourcing performance variables. Writers deduced variables from the characteristics of personnel outsourcing management of hotel businesses to analyze and present the effect of these variables on outsourcing performance through a structural verification of the relationships using a partnership perspective as the medium.핵심용어(Key words):호텔(Hotel), 아웃소싱(Outsourcing), 파트너십(Partnership),아웃소싱 성과(Outsourcing Performance).

The purpose of this study is to identify the attributes which affect tourists' satisfaction of local participants and external tourists on the "Youngsangang culture festival" held in Naju. Questionnaire gathered from the visitors there was analyzed. The research findings can be summarized as follows;First, local participants were found satisfied with the convenient facilities, souvenirs and foods. Otherwise, visitors were satisfied with the souvenirs and foods, publicity, not satisfied with the festival contents. The findings indicated that the festival managers have to develop a variety of program to increase the satisfaction and re-visit rates. Second, festival satisfaction which affected to the re-visit intension is significant different between local participants and outside tourists.핵심용어(Key words):축제만족(Festival Satisfaction), 재방문(re-visit)

This study involves activation of the e-learning contents in tourism industry. The result of this study showed that utilization of e-learning contents lead to reduce cost, profit of note issuing, advance the e-learning market in the airlines. Also travel agent can provide a traveler with information and supposed sightseeing by using e-learning contents. The personnel of the tourism industry should have a correct understanding of it that activation of e-learning contents make for competitive power in airlines and travel agent. Consequently travel agent should develop dynamic web -conference technique's contents so it could be linked to central reservation system in airlines. Finally the e-learning contents make it much easier for employees of the tourism corporation to their learning.핵심용어(Key words):디지털 컨텐츠(Digital contents), 이러닝 컨텐츠(E-learning contents), 항공예약시스템(Central Reservation System)

This study is to estimate the economic value of Ha-hoe historic heritage village a renowned cultural heritage resources using the Double-bounded dichotomous choice Contingent Valuation Method. Hicksian compensating variation was estimated using Hanemann's methods as a Non-market value. The pilot survey was done to derive the bidding price for dichotomous choice questions of the main survey. Some variables were found significant in the derived model such as the travel cost, the population size of residential region, annual income, state of employment, educational level, opinion of re-visiting. The derived amount of willingness to pay for Ha-hoe historic heritage village was found 12,635 Korean Won as a non-market value and thus whole annual non-market value was slightly over 10 billion Korean Won. 핵심용어(Key words):조건부 가치추정법(CVM), 이중양분선택형(DB-DC) 모형, 보상변이(compensating variation), 비시장가치(non-market value), 문화유산(cultural heritage)

This paper adopts Hsiao‘s panel data model technique. In this study, random effect model in the one-way error component regression model has been determined. Analyzing Seoul upscale hotels, over a 36 quarter period (1997Q1～2005Q4), this study provides empirical evidences of significance positive relationships between the number of arrivals in Korea, exchange rate, seasonality of 2 quarter, 4 quarter and room demand of foreign user. However, this study provides empirical evidences of significance negative relationships between average room rate, consumer price index, severe acute respiratory syndrom, pathogenic avian influenza and room demand of foreign user. Implications of these findings are discussed for hospitality context research and practice.핵심용어(Key words): 객실수요 결정요인(Determinants of room demand), 패널데이터모형(Panel data model), 임의효과모형(Random-effects model), 고정효과모형(Fixed-effects model), 개별특성효과(Individual-specificeffects), 시간특성효과(Time-specific effects)