KJC Korea
Journal Central

Casino gambling industry is currently one of the fastest-growing and most popular industries. This industry also makes for possible future directions in the high growth industry. This study aimed to classify Korean casino visitors based on their lifestyle and to investigate the relationship between lifestyle and gambling motivations. Data were collected from 213 visitors in Kangwon Land Casino from November 26 to December 9, 2012. Results of a factor analysis extracted five factors of lifestyle: positive-seeking, activity-seeking, stability-seeking, tradition-seeking, and extroversion-seeking. Based on a cluster analysis, which was based on the five factors, visitors were classified into five groups: positive habits, stable habits, extroversion active habits, conservative habits, and pushy habits. The results also indicated that the gambling motivation of each group was significantly different from each other in terms of venture challenge, and learning through ANOVA. On the other hand, leisure, socialization, and winning money were not statistically significant. Winning money is the most primary motivation across all the clusters. This finding is consistent with one reported in previous studies. Further discussion and implications are provided in the text.

The study investigated the effect of leisure activities on preventing adolescents' suicide. The article explored why participation of leisure may be used to decrease suicide ideation for understanding the psychological effects such as human relation, vitality, emotion control, curiosity, and positiveness. Data were analyzed personal experiences of suicide ideation during their leisure activity participation by using the grounded theory and oral history method of 14 adolescents. As student felt more stress about schoolwork, they felt more suicidal compulsion and as their self-esteem, peer relation and teacher's support were higher, their suicidal compulsion was lower. The result revealed that adolescents who had participated in leisure activities were turned out to have higher self-esteem due to disappearing their suicide impulse. Also, the positive leisure activities seems to be neighborhood peer group and to be social organizations.

Focusing on etic perspective of post-modern tourism concept, author interprets domestic tourism trends and the factors influencing the trends using the in-depth interview data of the domestic tourism providers' in Korea. The concept of post-modern tourism can be re-defined as general tourism trends for consumption of signs and images or preference for experience of simulation, individualized tourism, dedifferentiation of tourism from other domains such as arts, music, education, architecture, sports and so on, and concerning for sustainable tourism. Aesthetic images shown on TV or mass media trigger the tourism consumption of signs and images at destination. The increased number of owner drivers and advanced info-communication technology augment independent tourism trend. Also, the domain of tourism is dedifferentiated from daily life, regional culture, education due to national policies and socio-economic factors such as increase of the income, growing nuclear family households, a five day school week system. Finally, sustainable tourism is not considered as a general tourism trend though some social enterprises and government authority pursue it.

Even though there were many of studies on social capital's influence on outputs from community-based tourism development, less studies discussed the issues with systematic and comprehensive perspectives. The components of social capital were narrowly defined and study focuses were mainly on non-economic outputs, excluding economic outputs. To complement existing studies this paper developed a comprehensive model which systematically explains how social capital influence the tourism development outputs in a community based tourism setting. Based on literature review, conceptional model was formulated and two hypotheses were made in order to verify the study model; social capital has a positive effect on i) economic outputs and ii) on non-economic outputs. Empirical tests were done by the questionnaire survey with the 308 leaders of the green farming communities. The hypotheses tests supported that social capital positively affects the economic and non-economic outputs from the tourism developments. In addition, post-hoc analysis revealed that structural and value-sharing factors affect the economic outputs in a descending order. However, unlike other existing studies, significance was not found between the relationship between relational factor and outputs from tourism development. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed and future research suggestions were made.

The market of free independent travelers' market is emerging as a new trend in the influence of increasing travel experience and spread of information through internet. It is necessary to establish tourism preparations for attracting foreign free independent travelers considering the market size and importance of foreign free independent travelers in the future. The purpose of this study is to select priority of tourism preparation policy for foreign free independent travelers in Jeju. For achieving the objective of the study, reference study was examined and survey of the experts and AHP were conducted for the empirical study. As a result of AHP, the development of nature experience tourism product, the development of Jeju tourism brand and the strengthening online marketing were selected important policy tasks by priority. The result of the study will be useful to improve of tourism preparation and establish effective policy for foreign free independent traveler.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the preservation value of Dokdo using dichotomous choice contingent valuation method. Especially, this study employed two-stage approach in order to minimize hypothetical bias: the first stage for hypothetical setting and the second stage for real setting. This study was also aimed to identify explanatory variables that can determine the probability of willingness to pay for preservation funds for Dokdo. For this end onsite(1,500 sample) and online(1,000 sample) surveys were conducted using quota sampling method for 16 metropolitan cities and provinces based on population, age, and gender. The results of the study indicate that the preservation value of Dokdo was estimated at KRW 80,638 per household per year and its aggregate value amounted to be KRW 1,398 billion per year. It was also found that hypothetical setting overestimated the probability of willingness to pay for the preservation funds for Dokdo as compared to the real setting. Bequest value was the highest(53.8%) followed by existence value(30.7%) and option value(15.5%). Finally, the results of logit model reveal that bid, patriotism, support, and income were important explanatory variables in predicting the probability of willingness to pay for the preservation funds for Dokdo.

The Purpose of this study was to identify the effects of service quality by a Smart Phone Tourism Information on user satisfaction and the moderating effects of self efficacy through hierarchical regression analysis. A survey was conducted from June 1 to July 20, 2012. A total of 410 questionnaires were collected. Excluding missing questionnaires, 332 usable questionnaires were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows: Firstly, it was found that factors of service quality by Smart Phone Tourism Information are efficiency, functionality, information quality, customer service, ubiquitous accessibility, reliability. Secondly, all of the service quality factors had a positively significant influence on user satisfaction. Particularly, efficiency had the most significant impact on user satisfaction and followed by information quality, functionality, customer service, reliability. However, ubiquitous accessibility was not statistically significant. Thirdly, user self efficacy showed the buffering interaction effect between functionality and user satisfaction. However, user self efficacy showed the antagonistic interaction effect between ubiquitous accessibility and user satisfaction. The theoretical and practical implications and the limitations were discussed.

This study would verify the structural relationship between experience of Oriental Medical Tourism and satisfaction, and the structure of medical tourism experience is discriminated by both cognitive and affective components to verify the cause and effect relationship with leisure psychological factors. Experience are classified by 'Natural/ Environmental', 'Physical/ Sensibility', 'Social/ Relationship', 'Intellectual/ Internal', and 'Affective' components. The study revealed that 'Natural/ Environmental', 'Physical', 'Intellectual/ Internal' experience, which are cognitive components influences 'affective' components by showing that it is statistically meaningful. Moreover, investigating the relationship between cognitive components and leisure satisfaction, 'Intellectual/ Internal' experience affects leisure satisfaction significantly in a statistical meaning. This study provides academic implication for investigating cross-cultural differences between western-oriented medical tourism and oriental medical tourism, while the study had several flaws in terms of limited research area and short-period survey.

In order to analyze and predict the effect of a festival on regional economy, understanding expenditure behaviors of festival participants has to be proceeded. Hence, this paper investigated the relationships between festival quality, perceived value, satisfaction, and loyalty. Expenditure, an essential component in analyzing economic effect of festivals, was applied as dependent variable. Data were collected from 465 questionnaires of festival visitors who participated in the 15th Yeongdeok snow-crab festival in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Results of the study are as follow. It showed that satisfaction of festival quality improved perceived value and overall satisfaction, and overall satisfaction and loyalty had direct contribution to the increase of tourists’ expenditures. However, it revealed that festival quality and perceived value had not direct effect on expenditure, while they had indirect influence on expenditure being mediated by overall satisfaction and loyalty. The academic product of the study is to suggest a behavioral model of festival visitors which verified the relationships of the ‘festival quality-perceived value-satisfaction-loyalty- expenditure’. Futhermore, it could provide festival marketers with a guideline to establish an effective strategy to increase expenditures of festival visitors on business level. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed on the basis of the results.

As the importance of food in tourism has increased, tourists’ food consumption should be shed light on. The purpose of this study was to compare differences on traveler’s usage of restaurant information sources and the importance of restaurant selection attributes, and trip characteristics based on previous destination experience and pre-planning restaurant before departure. A total of 339 persons who had travel experience in the last 6 months participated in an on-line survey. Cross tabulation analysis and one-way ANOVA were used to identify the differences among four groups (G1; Tourists who had pre-destination experience and had pre-plan toward restaurant visitation in destination, G2; Tourist who had pre-experience, but didn't have pre-plan, G3; Tourist who didn't have pre-experience, but had pre-plan, G4; Tourist who didn't have pre-experience and pre-plan). The results showed that pre-planned tourists spent more travel and dining-out expense, and they tended to search information using prior restaurant visit and friend/family was found as the main information sources, while unplanned tourists who visit new destination tended to use signboard to search restaurants during travel.

The purpose of this study is to identify the detailed factors that form customer-to-customer interaction that occurs during tourism service, and examine the relationship between customer-to-customer interaction, customer homogeneity and customer satisfaction. The research was carried out to investigate Korean tourists traveling abroad on package tours. As a result, customer-to-customer interaction was broken down into five behavioral factors which include discourteous, biased, ostentatious, externally unpleasant, and sociable behavior. The results showed that Sociable behavior had a positive influence on customer satisfaction, whereas discourteous, biased and ostentatious behavior displayed negative influence on customer satisfaction Customer homogeneity in social status, intellectual level, preference for optional tour items and marital status had a positive influence on customer satisfaction. Finally, the effect of biased and ostentatious behavior on customer satisfaction showed changes according to the level of arbitration by the tour guide, which proves the validity of the moderating effect. Based on the empirical analysis results, academic and practical implications are proposed.

This study attempted to evaluate the effect and role of job search stress upon learning intention, perceived behavioral control, learning attitude, and subjective norm of University students majoring in Tourism. Regression analysis were conducted based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Job search stress was found to have the most significant affect on students' learning intention. There was difference in job search stress by the class year of students, and there was a difference in the effect of job search stress upon learning intention. The result revealed that when subjects were divided into a high stress group and a low stress group, according to the degree of job search stress, there were differences between the groups on perceived behavioral control, learning attitude, subjective norm, and learning intention. The greatest differences between groups were first for learning intention and then learning attitudes. Further, the high stress group showed a more significant effect on subjective norm upon learning intention as they did for perceived behavioral control of behavior upon learning intention. The study concludes with the implications of the findings and the limitations of the study and future research ideas.

This research investigated effects of prosumer propensities to participate and amuse of Yeon Deung Heo’s participants on recommendation intention with the mediator of flow. Using questionary items for the measurement of prosumer propensities surveys were implemented, and the regression analysis was conducted to test research models and hypotheses. Research results are summarized as follows. First, prosumer propensities to participate and amuse of participants influenced flow, positively. Second, recommendation intention was affected by prosumer propensity to participate and flow, positively. Third, test results of mediation effects of flow showed the complete mediation effect between prosumer propensity to participate and recommendation intention, the partial mediation effect between prosumer propensity to amuse and recommendation intention. The results indicated that prosumer propensities of participants had significant effects on recommendation intention. Therefore, it is important that festival organizers make discriminative marketing strategies at the early stage of festival planning.

The purpose of the study is to identify the impacts of employee‘s perceived ethical climate on subjective career success and organizational commitment. And it is to examine the mediating effect of organizational commitment in the relationship between ethical climate and subjective career success. Data were collected from employees working in service encounter departments (room and F&B divisions) of five star hotels in Seoul, South Korea. Hypotheses were examined by using path analysis and the results were as follows. First, ethical climate of hotel had a significant effect on subjective career success and organizational commitment. Second, organizational commitment had a significant impact on subjective career success. Third, the mediating effect of organizational commitment between ethical climate and subjective career success was confirmed, which means it played an important role in ethical climate leading to subjective career success. The findings of the study can suggest practical implications to utilize efficiently human resources to hotel managers for hotels' sustainable development.

The purpose of this study is to investigate constructing exhibition loyalty factors based on the types of exhibitors and to explore the relationship between exhibition loyalty determinant factors and exhibition loyalty to establish groundwork to set up exhibition management plan. As a result, the Determinant attributes of exhibition loyalty were divided into 5 factors. The exhibition loyalty determinant factors were exhibition service factor, marketing synergy factor, exhibition brand factor, sales generation factor as well as factor of accessibility and convenience of exhibition center. The results also show that more involvement meant more emphasis on exhibition service factor, sales generation factor, and convenience factor; while, lower involvement meant less recognition. Amount of exhibition related prior knowledge was proportional to the awareness of the exhibition loyalty determinant factors. Exhibition loyalty determinant factors were influential to the simple loyalty with convenience factor and exhibition brand factor having huge impact.