The Attitude of the United States In KMT-CCP Complications and Reconciliation (1941-1944)

Hyungah Jung

This paper focuses on the United States intervention on The New Fourth Army Incident in 1941, external foreign propaganda between KMT and CCP in the beginning of 1940s and the KMT-CCP Negotiation in 1944 led by Hurley and the responses from KMT and CCP along with the transformation of the interactions between the two parties and foreign intervention. The incidents above may appear irrelevant, but all lie in the same frame. One thing worth mentioning about the New Fourth Army Incident is the role of international pressure in its resolution. Some Chinese scholars propose the influence of international pressure in easing the KMT’s anticommunist policies, but the effectiveness of such pressure leave rooms for questions. For example, according to materials that was exposed up to now, it's not easy to explain that the United States carried out a aggressive attitude in intervening the New Fourth Army Incident. However, it seems KMT was not able to entirely reject the U. S advice due to its needs of economical aid. Thus, KMT attempted in reducing the New Fourth Army Incident from a political and ideological collision to merely an internal disciplinary crisis. The identical logic follows for KMT’s relationship with the Soviet Union as the former was reluctant in stimulating the latter with ideological conflicts thus placing its financial assistance in jeopardy. In 1944, the United States obtained a central role in convincing the reconciliation between KMT and CCP. Desperate in warding off the Japanese, the United States urged KMT for a negotiation with CCP for an agreement between the two. However, the different stances of KMT and CCP in the concept of ‘coalition’ and ‘unification’ resulted in the difficulty in reaching an agreement. TheU.S understanding in the rooted conflict between the two parties was much too vague. Surely an agreement between the two parties would have been significant in bringing the U.S a victory in the Pacific War, which highlights the crucial relationship between domestic and foreign policies. However, the negotiation between KMT and CCP ended a failure and re-invoked a civil war.

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