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[journal] Ting / 1975 / Chinese Phonology of the Wei-Chin Period Reconstruction of the Finals as Reflected in Poetry Institute of History and Philology Republic of China

[journal] 屈萬里 1971 《詩經釋義》。台北 / 華岡出版社。

[journal] 楊秀芳 / 2000 / 方言本字究的觀念與方法 / 國家圖書館 18 : 111~146

[journal] / 2006 / 論動詞 楗 的語義發展 / 中央究院語言學究所

[journal] 蔣紹愚 1989 《古漢語詞匯綱要》。北京 / 北京大學出版社。

[journal] or bears multi-directional forces / This paper deals with the causes of the development of semantic converseness in Chinese when the meaning of a word denotes a multi-directional movement the reversed meanings emerge among those who take opposite perspectives

[journal] / There are two kinds of semantic converseness One is developed from the agent/patient dichotomy and the other from endocentric/exocentric distinction Evidences from historical as well as dialectal materials are given