KJC Korea
Journal Central

In the past the study of the people (Minjung in Korean) was interested in its justification, but now in its origin and formation process. This paper shows the origin and formation process of the concept of Minjung in the theory of progressive national literature in the 1970s. The concept of Minjung is born and then forgotten. And it is discoursed 'after the event'. Firstly, this paper attempts to show the historical formation of the concept of Minjung. Secondly, the concept of Minjung was used initially in 1969, yet finds its characteristics in the literature before 1969. It applies its characteristics to Minjung retroactively. It begin with Shin Kyeong-rim's note published in 1973. And lastly, the concept of Minjung began as the core concept of the discourse of nation. Minjung is the object of enlightenment primarily, but now becomes its subject. This means that the episteme of Korean literature changes into Minjung-nationalistic one.

Recently, the number of Korean language learners who have the purpose of approaching the academic mainstream of university have been increasing rapidly and steadily. Under this situation, the needs for developing Korean reading textbook is increasing, too. In this paper I assume that the reading textbook should be authentic, and for this reason, I propose several methods of text adaptation which elevates reading textbook's authenticity. The methods are as follows: simplification of sentences, specification of sentences, standardization of sentences, replacement or extending of sentences, adjustment of text length, presentation of text structure, and spontaneous adaptation by learners. We can take advantage of these methods focusing on promoting reading abilities of Korean learners.

Por esta elección se demuestra como si fuera que el pueblo est́́́́á juzgando la dictadura. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los ciudadanos todavía se califican positivamente la reforma del gobierno de Chavez. Consideran que sólo tenemos que entender que se necesitaba controlar unos pasos. Por un lado, esta elección podrí́a ser una oportunidad de fortalecer la democracia de las Izquierdas latinoamericanas. Además, tenemos que prestar atención a que Chavez aceptó el resultado fielmente. Y esto significa el rechazamiento del régimen dictadura antidemocrática y la plena aceptació́n del sistema democrático. Pero a pesar de éstas, la perdida de la elección será un obstáculo para las Izquierdas, por cualquier modo. Sobre todo, la intervensión de EEUU en latinoamerica, se puede extender con má́s perjudicació́n. Bolivia está en crisis también. Si los pueblos bolivianos se rechaza el proyecto del cambio de la Constitución de la Izquierda, es obvio que la Izquierda latinoamericana enfrentará una dificultad más ardua. Si fuera así, es posible que llegue hasta una caida dramática de la Izquierda latinomaericana. Pero ésta no será tan fácil. Por que, en primer lugar, podemos enfatizar una fuerte tendencia historica que asume el poder del pueblo y rechazo del neoliberalismo.También podemos indicar que el poder económico de EEUU que apoyan a los conservadores será́ dificil de mantener como antes. O sea, las Derechas tienen un aliado mucho más débil que antes. Por tanto, los paises destacables eligen el camino pragmatismo, alejandose del centrípeto americano, como Brazil. Así que es difícil de desear que Venezuela y Bolivia cambien a la Derecha de carácter pro-America. Por lo tanto, se puede saber que la perdida de la votació́n es sólo un descanzo de las Izquierdas. Entre los puntos negativos, lo más peligroso es el ataque culminante de EEUU. Pero no será una causa definitiva y absoluta para la decadencia de las Izquierdas. Lo bueno es que la conciencia del pueblo ya se han madurado y los paises latinoamericanos tienen diversas condiciones para crear el siglo XXI, por su propia forma de ser, como recursos naturales, tecnicas avanzadas, poblaciónes significativas, fondo de cultura, entre otros.

This is a study on the compliment-response speech of Russian Korean speakers in respect of interlanguage. This study examines how compliment-response speeches of the RKS are different from the ones of native Korean speakers and native Russian speakers respectively, and also investigates the reasons of the errors, if there are any, found in the compliment-response speech of Russian Korean speakers. Discourse Completion Test was used to compare the three groups, and the following results have come out. To verify the objectivity of this study, SAQ consisting of 12 situations was administered to the KNS. The analyzing frame of Wolfson(1981) and Holmes(1988) was used as a basis for this study, but to adapt it to this study a few revisions were made. Chapter 4 analyzes the results of this study. The aspects of the compliment-response strategy among three groups were compared and analyzed according to the compliment topic, the degree of intimacy and social position, which were added by this researcher. RLK showed the features of interlanguage of both Korean and Russian which are more likely to be the influence of Korean. RLK appeared to overgeneralize the strategies of compliment denying, downgrading, and explaining. The findings discovered through an interview with RLK are as follows: (1)RLK recognize their compliment-response style is different from the one of KNS and RNS. (2) RLK tend to talk similarly with KNS. The results of this study indicate that the compliment-response strategies such as compliment denying, downgrading, and explaining included in the Korean textbooks seem to influence RLK. In this respect, it is expected that more various strategies on the compliment-response speech are to be included in Korean textbook in the future.

The purpose of my essay is to examine the way in which Jacques Lacan, a French psychoanalytic theorist, regards Baroque as an imaginary space of subjectivity. Lacan's theory of gaze is worthy of note, because it reveals an alternative way to approach the problem of representation in relation to mimesis broadly dominating the history of Western art; it is against widespread ocular-centrism, which privileges the visible rather than the invisible. In this way, Lacan's theory of Baroque puts an emphasis on the 'story' of Jesus by analyzing the visual space of Baroque. As well known, Baroque paintings are considered the component of architecture, not merely in the sense of decoration, but rather in the sense of seminal spiritual elements for the materiality. From this perspective, my essay analyzes Titian's Noli Me Tangere, Conegliano's The Incredulity of Saint Thomas, Caravaggio's The Supper at Emmaus, in the sense of Lacan's Baroque. Baroque has been known as an aesthetic movement, but actually was an anti-aesthetic strategy to nullify formalistic experiments that avalanched on the specific moment of Renaissance. The Catholic church reinforced its orthodox doctrine against liberal artists and reformulated the iconographical rules of an artwork for religious paintings. The essay argues that the conflicts between religious doctrine and artists' desire are revealed in an imaginary space called Baroque paintings. This leads to the conclusion that Lacan's analysis illustrates the way in which such conflicts produce a unique subjectivity which can be named a Baroque subjectivity.

A man is aware of the reality through receptors and organs. Universal lexical group presents somatic lexis. The words denoting body correspond to the most ancient layer of lexical structure in any language. The interest to somatic lexis can be explained by growing attention to the language anthropocentrism, problems of human factor, anthropological linguistics that studies the language “in a close link to a man, his consciousness, mentality and mental-practical activity”. The high level of somatic lexis’ currency can be explained by their etymological nature, flexibility in a language system and polysemousness. The somatic lexis reflects the natural psychological features of a person, the feelings and emotions. However, the specific conditions of culturological development influence on the distribution of perception on “the naive anatomic map of a man”.

At the end of twentieth-century Afro-American writers brought enough original things into Afro-American literary tradition using the experience of their predecessors. The changes of Afro-American social position, new ways of American society development promoted the appearance untouched earlier subjects and problems in the literature. At present in USA the equal conditions are created for development of national cultures of the resident people there. Afro-American writers tried to show the world in their compositions different from Western, European. Authors want to show the duality in the light of mythological consciousness as they have the tradition of Afro-American folklore and African tradition as well. The typical hero of Afro-American literature at the end of twentieth century can't understand that the mythological thinking has the right to exist as historical. Namely this problem of two types of consciousnesses is in the novel of Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon. The myth runs through the whole novel's plot. The stories have the mythological features about each former's generation up to African ancestor Solomon. This name is immortalized in the oral national creation: the songs are composed about him. But we see two poles in the novel: the rational approach to the world and the mythological. So, first of all the author opens in her book the secondary problems for African literature: maternity, relationship between mother and daughter, female friendship. One of the major subjects of Song of Solomon is cognition of "ego" by woman. The heroines seek their "egos", try to realize their ability, and to live full lives. They were deprived of these things over a period of whole history. According to Toni Morrison's notion, Afro-American woman is the base of "black" community, the keeper of its foundations and traditions. She is the continuer of family (kin), passes knowledge accumulated by the ancestry and succeeding generation.