[book] Alleyne, Mervyn / 1980 / Comparative Afro-American / Karoma

[journal] Bailey, Berl / 1965 / Toward a New Perspective in Negro English Dialectology / American Speech 40 : 171~177

[book] Bailey, Guy / 1986 / Language Variety in the South, Michael Montgomery and Bailey / University of Alabama Press : 158~179

[journal] Bailey, Guy / 1989 / The Convergence Controversy / American Speech 64 : 12~39

[thesis] Baugh, John / 1979 / Linguistic Style-Shifting in Black English / 박사 / University of Pennsylvenia

[book] Baugh, John / 1980 / A re-examination of Black English copula : 83~106

[journal] Bickerton, Derek / 1973 / On the Nature of Creole Continuum / Language 49 : 640~669

[thesis] Cukor-Avila, Patritia / 1995 / The Evolution of AAVE in the Rural Texas Community:An Ethnolinguistic Study / 박사 / University of Michigan

[book] Cukor-Avila, Patritia / 2001 / Sociocultural and Historical Contexts of African American English / John Benjamins

[book] Dunlap, Howard / 1974 / Social Aspects of a Verb Form: Native Atlanta fifth-grade Speech-the Present Tense of Be: Publication of the American Dialect Society 61-2 / Alabama University Press : 1~96

[book] Fasold, Ralph / 1972 / Tense Marking in Black English: A Linguistic and Social Analysis / Center for Applied Linguistics

[book] Feagin, Crawford / 1970 / Variation and Change in Alabama English: A Sociolinguistic Study of the White Community / Georgetown University Press

[book] Feagin, Crawford / 1979 / Variation and Change in Alabama English: A Sociolinguistic Study of the White Community / Georgetown University Press

[journal] Fordham, Signithia / 1986 / Black Students’ School Success: Coping with the Burden of acting White / Urban Review 18 : 1~29

[book] Gee, J.P. / 2007 / What Video Games Have to Teach us about Learning and Literacy / Palgrave Macmillan

[book] Gonzalez, N. E. / 2005 / Funds of Knowledge: Theorizing Practices in Households, Communities, and Classrooms / Lawrence Erlbuam

[book] Hall, Christopher / 2011 / Mapping Applied Linguistics:A Guide for Students and Practitioners / Routledge

[journal] Holm, John / 1984 / Variability of the Copula in Black English and its Creole Kin / American Speech 59 : 291~309

[report] Labov, William / 1968 / A Study of the Non-Standard English of Negro and Puerto-Rican Speakers in New York City / US Regional Survey

[journal] Labov, William / 1969 / Contraction, Deletion and Inherent Variability of the English Copula / Language 45 : 715~762

[book] Labov, William / 1972 / Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black Vernacular / University of Pennsylvania Press

[journal] Labov, William / 1982 / Objectivity and Commitment in Linguistic Science: The case of the Black English Trail in Ann Arbor / Language in Society 11(2) : 165~201

[confproc] Labov, William / 1987 / Are Black and White Vernaculars Diverging? / Papers from the NWAVE-XIV Panel Discussion. American Speech 62 : 5~12

[journal] McElhiny, Bonnie / 1993 / Copula and Auxiliary Contraction in the Speech of White Americans / American Speech 68(4) : 371~399

[book] Mufwene, Salikoko / 2001 / The Ecology of Language Evolution / Cambridge University press

[book] Poplack, Shana / 2000 / The English History of African American English / Blackwell

[journal] Poplack, Shana / 1987 / The Philadelphia Story in the Spanish Caribbean / American Speech 62 : 291~314

[book] Poplack, Shana / 2001 / African American Speech in the Diaspora / Blackwell

[book] Rickford, John / 1999 / African American Vernacular English: Features, Evolution, Educational Implications / Blackwell

[journal] Rickford, John / 1991 / Rappin on the copula coffin: Theoretical and Methodological issues in the Analysis of Copula Variation in African American Vernacular English / Language Variation and Change 3 : 103~132

[book] Richford, John R. / 1994 / In Perspective on Register: Situating Register Variation Within Sociolinguistics : 235~276

[book] Rickford, John / 1992 / In Vernacular Black English: Internal and External Factors in Syntactic Change / Mouton : 175~200

[confproc] Rickford, John / 1990 / Copula Contraction and Absence in Barbadian English, Samana English and Vernacular Black English / In Proceedings of Sixteenth Annual Meeting of Berkeley Linguistics Society / Berkeley Linguistic Society : 257~268

[journal] Rickford, John / 1996 / reterite Had + V-ed in Narratives of African-American Preadolescents / American Speech 71 : 227~254

[journal] Smith, P. H. / 2002 / Ni a pocha va a llegar: Minority Language Loss and Dual Language Schooling in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands / Southwest Journal of Linguistics 21(1) : 165~183

[book] Smitherman, G. / 2003 / Talkin that talk: Language. Culture and Education in African America / Routledge

[book] Stewart, William / 1970 / Language and Poverty / Markham : 351~379

[book] Sommer, Elizabeth / 1986 / In Language Variety in the South / University of Alabama Press : 180~201

[book] Wolfram, Walt / 1969 / A Sociolinguistic Description of Detroit Negro Speech / Center for Applied Linguistics

[book] Wolfram, Walt / 1971 / Black-White Speech Relationships / Center for Applied Linguistics : 39~65

[journal] Wolfram, Walt / 1974 / The Relationship of White Southern Speech to Vernacular Black English / Language 50 : 498~527

[book] Wolfram, Walt / 2004 / Linguistic Diversity in the South: Changing Codes, Practices and Ideologies / University of Georgia Press

[book] Wolfram, Walt / 2002 / The Development of African American English / Blackwell

[confproc] Winford, Donald / 1988 / Verbs, Adjectives and Categorical Shift in CEC / Paper Presented at the Seventh Biennial Meeting of the Society for Caribbean Linguistics