The Tasks of Comparative Literary Studies and The Literary Transnationalism

Changnam Lee

doi:10.21049/ccs.2015.38..245

The Tasks of Comparative Literary Studies and The LiteraryTransnationalismChangnam LeeIn this paper, I suggest methodological ways of studying comparative literatureregarding ongoing discussions of world and national literature. The role ofcomparative literature studies has widened in the contemporary era, in which nationshave become rapidly entangled and the concept of the world as a unified entityis under question. In this regard, I critically review the traditional principles ofthe hospitality of cosmopolitanism and the exclusivity of the borders of nationalliteratures. Further, I suggest that scholars adopt the concept by Sigmund Freudof "unfamiliar familiarity" as a methodological motive for studies of comparativeliterature. Based on this concept, scholars can further develop the unique methodsof the discipline of comparative literary studies for teaching and research amidstthe ongoing phenomenon of globalization. They can also use these methods tosimultaneously contribute to solving the problem of "comparison without a unifyingcategory of the world," as revealed by the results of deconstructional and postcolonialstudies. Regarding community-based discussions of literature, I introduce the "bridgeand door" metaphor, put forth by Georg Simmel, as a key concept in methodologicalconsideration of translation and in comparative literary studies. In this paper,adopting the metaphor of the bridge and door as an intertextual and social modelfor comparative studies, I define the new role of comparative literary studies inliterary transnationalism, which is particularly necessary when different languagesand cultures overlap and become entangled. Regarding the rapidly changingcontemporary world community, comparative literary studies, as an experimentaldiscipline, is uniquely capable of examining this kind of community, which formsitself beyond and beneath individual nations.

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