A Comparative Study on Civilian Representation in the Korean War-Focusing on the “Landing” of Tanaka Gomimasa and the “Railroad” of Gwak Hak-song

Lee Hee-won

doi:10.21049/ccs.2021.62..295

The Korean War was a civil war between South Korea and North Korea, and an intense international war created during the global establishment of the Cold War order after World War II. Several countries and nations involved in the political arena built a new sphere of power, leaving behind a complex series of historical events, meanings, and past values. The surface layer of this relationship was embodied in the name of the ideological confrontation between the free camps and communist camps. The reason why the Korean Peninsula was divided into friendly and enemy forces came about as a result of ideology. When the essential and sufficient conditions to ensure the inevitability of the war are the existence of the ‘enemy’, the enemy’s identity during the Korean War was extracted from the abstraction area called, ‘ideology.’ In terms of the dispositif which Agamben refers to, the “dispositif of war” which triggered the Korean War consisted of a framework of international dynamics and anti-communist ideology. In the context of this dispositif, there is no inevitable causality between an idea and an action. When ideas dominate practice, the incomprehensibility of specific situations and the absurdity of violence will arise. As this ideology waged war, it was inevitable that numerous civilians would be harmed in the process. The narratives of civilian victims, which have still not been properly discussed in official historical outlets for many years, have left traces of evidence in the form of literary works, testimonies, and handwritten artifacts. Critically examining the scope of this situation, this paper compares and analyzes the ‘Landing’ by Tanaka Gomimasa (“Sigma”, 1957) and Haksong’s “Railroad” (“Transportation”, 1955-1956). In the “landing” of Tanaka Gomimasa, civilians who were not willing to participate in the war, were coerced by powerful figures and forced to board a ship bound for Korea in order to participate in forced farming. These events are related to Japanese civilians' participation in the war, which was implicitly present during the Korean War. In Gwak Hak-song's “Railroad,” the protagonist shows that both the South and the North show a governance structure that attempts to subjugate people to an ideology without respect and protection for the individual's individuality. Both works expose the mechanism by which civilians are caught in war by the ‘dispositif’ of government. Furthermore, it is common to see that civilians are not frustrated by such a ‘dispositif’ and come out of it, that is, show a way of being as a non-governable person. The characters of “Landing” voluntarily decide to disembark, and the protagonist of “Railroad” does not obey the decisions of the rulers when it comes to real issues, and does not stop judging his own values until the end. Through the representations of civilians in these works, we are confronted with the possibility of expanding the field of a problem consciousness that is necessary to secure a transnational perspective, confirming the reality of the Cold War regime and the national violence that caused the Korean War.

Citation status

KCI Citation Counts (0)
REFERENCES (40)
열림/닫힘 버튼
* 2021년 이후 발행 논문의 참고문헌은 현재 구축 중입니다.

[book] 田中小実昌 / 2012 / コレクション1.　朝鮮と文学朝鮮戦争 / 集英社

[book] 곽학송 / 1995 / 한국소설문학대계38, 쑈리 킴ㆍ철로外 / 동아출판사

[journal] 김균 / 2007 / 미국의 대외문화정책을 통해 본 미군정 문화정책 / 한국언론학보 / 한국언론학회

[journal] 김일환 / 2017 / How ‘Cold War’ Social Science Produced in ‘Hot War’: American Social Scientists at Psychological Warfare of USAF, and Korean War as Their ‘Laboratory’ / 역사비평 / 역사문제연구소 (118) : 280~317 / 10.38080/crh.2017.02.118.280

[journal] 김재웅 / 2016 / Mobilization Policies of Civilians in North Korea Coping with Troubles and Crises in Border Regions Adjacent to the 38th Parallel / 한국학논총 / 한국학연구소 45 : 257~284

[journal] 김학재 / 2010 / 20th century’s civil war and civilian massacre during the Korean War / 아세아연구 / 아세아문제연구원 53(4) : 82~118

[book] 남기정 / 2016 / 기지국가의 탄생-일본이 치른 한국전쟁 / 서울대학교출판문화원

[journal] 남상욱 / 2015 / The Korean War in Modern Japanese Literature － The Korean war and Japanese national identity in post-war period / 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies / 국제비교한국학회 23(1) : 11~38

[journal] 노영기 / 2004 / The Status of Documents reporting Civilian Massacres perpetrated during the Korean War, and the Status of the Overall Researches regarding the issue / 역사와 현실 / 한국역사연구회 (54) : 61~89

[book] 니시무라 히데키 / 2020 / ‘일본’에서 싸운 한국전쟁의 날들-재일조선인과 스이타사건 / 논형

[book] 문학과사상연구회 / 2018 / 해방기 문학의 재인식 / 소명

[thesis] 박인준 / 1999 / 곽학송 소설 연구 / 석사 / 大邱大學校大學院

[journal] 서중석 / 2010 / The Direction of Reserch for Civilian Massacre before and during the Korean War / 사림 / 수선사학회 (36) : 1~20

[book] 세르주 브롱베르제 / 2012 / 한국전쟁통신 / 눈빛

[journal] 손경호 / 2011 / An Analysis of the Recent Studies on the Korean War / 한국근현대사연구 / 한국근현대사학회 (56) : 202~226

[journal] 신형기 / 2015 / People’s State, Word of Forgetting / 상허학보 / 상허학회 43 : 427~464 / 10.22936/sh.43..201502.012

[book] 앤드루 새먼 / 2015 / 그을린 대지와 검은 눈 / 책미래

[journal] 양영조 / 2019 / The participation in the Korean War of Japanese Laborers and their repatriation in the US military Bases in Japan / 군사 / 국방부군사편찬연구소 (111) : 47~88 / 10.29212/mh.2019..111.47

[journal] 오가타 요시히로 / 2020 / The Korean War and Korean Volunteers from Japan Focusing on the Recognition and Response of the Rhee Syngman Government / 아세아연구 / 아세아문제연구원 63(1) : 117~157 / https://doi.org/10.31930/JAS.2020.03.63.1.117

[journal] 오성호 / 2014 / Study on the nationalistic features of North Korean Literature / 배달말 / 배달말학회 (55) : 365~398

[book] 오타 오사무 / 2017 / 동아시아 냉전의 문화 / 소명

[journal] 이문호 / 2019 / Tanaka Komimasa and the Korean war －focusing on Landing－ / 日本文化學報 / 한국일본문화학회 (81) : 227~250 / 10.21481/jbunka..81.201905.227

[journal] 이미림 / 2020 / A Study With a Focus on the Appreciation Patterns of Marxism on Lee Hyo-Seok's Literature in the Former Half of the 1930s / 한민족어문학(구 영남어문학) / 한민족어문학회 (87) : 245~274 / 10.31821/HEM.87.9

[journal] 이상호 / 2011 / Leaflet Propaganda Policy by MacArthur's Command during the Korean War / 한국근현대사연구 / 한국근현대사학회 (58) : 178~213

[journal] 이신철 / 2004 / Civilian Massacres perpetrated in the Northen areas of the Korean peninsula during the Korean War / 역사와 현실 / 한국역사연구회 (54) : 131~170

[journal] 이윤규 / 2010 / The Psychological Warfare during the Korean War: Focusing on Propaganda Leaflets / 한국근현대미술사학(구 한국근대미술사학) / 한국근현대미술사학회(구 한국근대미술사학회) (21) : 130~148

[journal] 이종판 / 2003 / 한국전쟁과 일본 -한국전쟁당시 일본의 대응과 협력내용을 중심으로- / 한일군사문화연구 / 한일군사문화학회 1 : 55~88

[book] 이행선 / 2018 / 해방기 문학과 주권인민의 정치성 / 소명

[journal] 전현수 / 2019 / 해방 직후 북한의 토지개혁 / 복현사림 / 경북사학회 37

[journal] 정병욱 / 2010 / The Japanese experiences of the Korean War : From joining the war to opposing the war / 역사비평 / 역사문제연구소 (91) : 212~231

[journal] 정용욱 / 2004 / Psychological Leaflet Warfare of the US Army and Cold War Ideology Mirrored in the Korean War / 역사와 현실 / 한국역사연구회 (51) : 97~133

[book] 조르조 아감벤 / 2010 / 장치란 무엇인가? / 난장

[confproc] 최민경 / 2019 / 규슈 지역 재일한인의 노동세계: 근대 모지항을 중심으로 / 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 / 동북아시아문화학회

[journal] 최병구 / 2012 / A cultural discourse of socialism and the proletarian literature : The Erosion of the New Tendency Group's Literature and its Surrounding(1920~1923) / 민족문학사연구 / 민족문학사연구소 (49) : 218~255

[journal] 최영호 / 2017 / Japan’s Surrender and the Division of the Korean Peninsula: the Delay of the Surrender and Responsibility of the Division / 역사문화연구 / 역사문화연구소 (62) : 159~226 / 10.18347/hufshis.2017.62.159

[book] 최호근 / 2019 / 기념의 미래 / 고려대학교출판문화원

[journal] 하신애 / 2020 / The Blind Spot in the Reformation and Absence of Ethical Community - Focusing on the Representation of Land Reform in North Korean Literature during the Liberation Period - / 국제어문 / 국제어문학회 (84) : 325~349 / 10.31147/IALL.84.11

[book] 한국역사연구회 현대사분과 / 2010 / 역사학의 시선으로 읽는 한국전쟁 / 휴머니스트

[book] 한규한 / 2010 / 마르크스21 / 책갈피

[book] 허은 / 2008 / 미국의 헤게모니와 한국 민족주의 : 냉전시대 문화적 경계의 구축과 균열의 동반 / 고려대학교출판부

이 논문은 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 작성되었습니다.

KJC Korea
Journal Central

Statistics

Tools

Sharing

Issue List

Citation status