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This paper makes a study of the interpretation of “興觀群怨” in the article “The Analects of Confucius≪論語≫ , Book 17 - Yang Huo(陽貨)”. First of all, I sorted out the influential viewpoints of Kong An Guo(孔安國), Zhu Xi(朱熹) and modern scholars. This article believes that Confucius was a person in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Since he talked about learning the contents of “the Classic of Poetry(≪詩經≫)”, we must return to that era to investigate how people used “the Classic of Poetry” in diplomatic occasions. After detailed research and study, we believe that the phrase “興觀群怨” should be translated into “Confucius said: My disciples! Why don't you learn Poems(the Classic of Poetry, ≪詩≫)”! In diplomatic occasions, you can use “Poems” to express your own meaning and observe the meaning of the opposite side. If you use the “Poems” well, you can soften the mood of the talks and make relationship better. If you don't use it well, you can break the relationship. In the near future, learning the “Poems” well can cultivate yourself and be filial to your parents. In the far future, learning the “Poems” well can also serve the emperor as a minister. Even if you don't achieve these, you're at least you can know more birds, animals, plants, insects and fish!

Throughout Kim Si-sup’s Chinese poetry, Qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming are undoubtedly the two most important spiritual origins. They not only gave Kim Si-sup a profound influence on the art of poetry, but also on his personality and spirit. Adherence to the Tao is the commonality of the three ancient poets. Kim Si-sup’s creation of Chinese poetry experienced the transformation from the wandering theme of “the pain of Li Sao” to Tao Yuanming’s theme of regressing to nature, during which the connotation of the Tao followed also changed from the Confucian practice(cultivate one’s moral character), harmony(regulate one’s family), governance and peace(rule the country and the world) to the spiritual liberation and the true life of Taoism.

In this article, I examined the transformation process of traditional Yangge, in particular Yangge of northern Shaanxi into New Yangge and Countryside Yangge, regarding <Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art> by Mao Zedong as watershed on the basis of existing research results. In the first stage, traditional Yangge had been transformed into Yangge Dance and Yangge Play. In the second stage, Yang Dance and Yangge Play was transformed into New Yangge and Countryside Yangge. New Yangge combined traditional folk art form with Proletarian revolution or Anti-Japanese consciousness. In this article, I paid special attention to the musical effect of New Yangge, that is, how the repetition of melody which is easy and simple make a large audience join into New Yangge and grow into main agents. In terms of artistic creation, the transformation process of traditional Yangge into New Yangge and Countryside Yangge is that of proletarian masses of people into main agents of creation in the course of renovating their own art forms.

China implemented Reform and opening-up policy in 1978. Since then, economic development has accelerated with the introduction of Socialist market economy system in 1992. As China rose to the position of G2 in 2010, it became a rich country comparable to the United States. This development in China is an unprecedented achievement in the history of the world economy. However, behind this success, there have also been a number of side effects. Social polarization has occurred due to income inequality. And now, the polarization phenomenon has intensified, raising complaints from Chinese people. The Chinese leadership is implementing various balanced development policies to overcome the polarization phenomenon. But it still hasn't narrowed the gap between rich and poor. Literature also reflects these changes in China’s times and the atmosphere of society. Representative works include Yu Hua(余華)’s novels “Brothers (兄弟)” and “The Seventh Day(第七天)”. “Brothers” was written from the time of the Cultural Revolution and is now showing the mad appearance of Chinese society. “The Seventh Day” uses various events and accidents in Chinese society as the subject of the story. These two novels clearly reveal the gap between the rich and the poor and the inequality that has deepened with the rapid growth of the Chinese economy since the implementation of the socialist market economy system. This paper examined the history of economic development in China, which was built according to the ideology of a socialist country. In particular, we reviewed the process of entering the ‘socialist market economy’ system. And we looked at the Social polarization phenomenon, the biggest problem in Chinese society. In addition, through Yu Hua’s Brothers and The Seventh Day, we looked into the other side of society created by the idea of mammonism and inequality. Finally, through the novel, we examined how mammonism and inequality affect human dignity.

Classical Chinese is observed to feature word-class flexibility, in the sense that there are lexicon that can be used to serve the functions of two or more traditional word classes, without the functional change being marked by any derivational means. This is a peculiarity of ancient Chinese grammar, and also is regarded as the most important reason for the difficulty of reading ancient Chinese texts. So after the first Chinese grammar book MaShiWenTong which was published, successive Chinese grammar books have tried to explain word-class flexibility and this is still in progress. This paper examines the establishment process of the flexibility of the part of speech theory from the perspective of research history and reveal the differences in setting scope, type of items, and criteria for the use of parts of speech in each grammar book. Based on this, it is expected that it will be possible to revise and supplement the theory of parts of speech and to solidify the system of parts of speech in ancient Chinese.

This paper takes ‘后来、以后、然后’ as the object of study，investigates the errors in HSK dynamic composition corpus，and analyzes the reasons for the errors among the three synonyms from the perspective of lexicalization. Through the investigation of the corpus，it is found that learners often mix these three words in the process of using them. The reasons are as follows: First，in the process of lexicalization，‘后来、以后、然后’ have all produced the semantics related to the time category. But ‘后来’ can only be used to describe the past events，while ‘以后’ and ‘然后’ can be used to describe both the past events and the future events. Secondly，‘后来、以后、然后’ also have different characteristics in syntactic collocation '后来' usually appears in the position of adverbial in syntax，with the form of ‘后来+VP’ being the most common ‘以后’ usually appears in the form of' (自/从)X以后'in collocation，while ‘然后’ uses the collocation of ‘先……，然后……’ as its explicit collocation to indicate the order of events. Thirdly，‘后来’ mainly means ‘result undertaking’，‘以后’ mainly means change undertaking，and ‘然后’ means sequential undertaking. Because the three words are often used between two events，playing a role of connecting the past and the future，they have both commonalities and individuality. Finally，‘后来、以后、然后’ take two events before and after. Although both can express the time quantity，there are also time intervals when compared with each other.

The purpose of this paper is to verify whether the HSK level 4 or 5 vocabulary achieves internal homogeneity in the case of Koreans. We classified HSK level 4 and 5 vocabulary as equivalence words and non-equivalence words. We hypothesized that the mean score of equivalents would be lower than that of non-equivalence words. As a result, the average score difference between the equivalence words and non-equivalence words of the Level 4 verb was 38.40 points, the score difference between the adjective equivalent words and the non-equivalence word was 35.3 points, and the score difference between the adverb equivalence words and the non-equivalence word was 33.70 points. The difference between the average score for grade 4 equivalent and non-equivalent words was 35.8 points, which was very large. The average score for level 4 verbs is 79.5 points, the average score for adjectives is 80.8 points, and the average score for adverbs is 73.5 points. The average score difference between equivalence words and non- equivalence of level 5 verbs was 31.7 points, the difference between equivalence words and non-equivalence words was 29.2 points, and the difference between adverb equivalence words and non-equivalence words was 26.3 points. The difference between the average score of level 5 equivalence words and non-equivalent words was 29.1 points. The average score of level 5 verbs is 82.7 points, the average score of adjectives is 82.1 points, and the average score of adverbs is 83.2 points. Looking at the results of the above research analysis, it can be confirmed that the current HSK level 4 vocabulary is not homogeneous in difficulty between the vocabulary words for Koreans. It can be seen that the level 5 vocabulary of the new HSK is not uniform in difficulty between the same words.