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This article is focusing a christian ethical criticism on unification policies of Park Geun-hye regime. However, I think, it is too early time that is critics about unification policies of Park Geun-hye regime because of on a point in time only 4 months that departure of Park Geun-hye regime. In spite of, this article has a dream that ‘the Korean peninsula trust(credit) process’ of Park Geun-hye regime comes true. So this was able to criticise ‘the Korean peninsula trust(credit) process’ of Park Geun-hye regime. But hers has to forget the fact that confronts various issues in the unification polities. In studies, the Korean peninsula unification needs stances of long endurance and ecumenical communication. In fact, since the Korean peninsula unification policies and philosophy is abstract and ideal, concrete contents attach in it, but a long endurance and ecumenical communication will look to ‘the Korean peninsula trust(credit) process’ in along term. A premise of everything is a communication. Therefore, it is that needs to develop communications of various method. It needs that are not only strategical communication but brotherly affectional communication. But the problems’ solution is not to be endeavor of south Korea. It is that must endeavor both South Korea and North Korea. But if a endeavor of south Korea has govern the problems’ solutions, does it come across as presumptuous? In a viewpoint of Jesus’ serving, a serving means to happily undergo inconvenience and to lay down pride. In that case, in a stance of christian ethics it is right that endeavors more the south Korea than the north Korea. If unification policies of Park Geun-hye regime are like trust(credit) as accumulating process, it is right that endeavors and yields the south Korea more than the north Korea. This attitudes will be roll a key that solves difficult problems of the Korean peninsula unification. However it is that is more important idea than this proposal. It is the fact that the faith that possibility of the Korean peninsula unification is always is in our faith. Therefore, through trust(credit)-accumulation through various communications and accumulating trust(credit) through accumulated communications, a public theology suggests the faith that the Korean peninsula unification advances. For this, it worked to compare and analyze the unification polities of other regimes, and through this work, looked carefully a realistic appropriateness and theological compatibility. And lastly, in a stance of christian ethics, this article suggested theological in a view of public theology for a development of ‘the Korean peninsula trust(credit) process’ of Park Geun-hye regime.

Park Geun-hye, before the 18th president election of Korea, was a veteran politician who got various names such as “star politician,” “a queen of election,” “the only one candidate for President.” Female elites seeking for feminist politics were not assured that she could be a stepping stone or an obstacle for the political empowerment of women in Korea. Park Geun-hye has two images, “a daughter of Park Jung-hee, the late former President” and “a supporter of Yushin regime as dictatorship.” While the first helped her entering politics in the general election of 1998, the second seemed to become a leg iron for her presidential candidate in 2012. Surprisingly she, however, succeeded in becoming a president. Who supported Park, naming her as a representative of women? This question is related to the controversy among women elites over support for Park as an female politician in the past ten years. In the perspective of christian feminist ethics, this paper tried to contribute to the task of making gender-equality society through the creative conflicts between Park regime and progressive feminist camp.

Die christlichen Kirchen von heute erleben nicht nur den Gegenwind, der sie zu einem Rückzug aus der Öffentlichkeit verleiten könnte, sondern auch ihre “Dämmerung”(F. W. Graf), die aber aus ihrem Vertrauensverlust verursacht werden könnte. Das Christemtum hat sich mit seiner Botschaft und Verkündigung von Anfang an an die Welt, die Öffentlichkeit gewandt(Mt 28:19-20). Bezüglich der veränderten gesellschaftlichen Angelegenheiten soll die Kirche als Gemeinschaft von der freien Gnade Gottes ihre Öffentlichkeitsbewußtsein neu wahrnehmen. In meinem Beitrag werden drei Grundrichtungen skizziert, in denen die Kirche in der Öffentlichkeit zu Orientierung des christlichen Lebens beiträgt. Im Licht der Gottesbeziehung soll sie zuerst am Dialog über die Wahrheit, Sicherung der freiheitlichen Grundrechte des Staates teilnehmen. Zweitens soll eine kirchliche Praxis handhaben, die auf Gerechtigkeit, also auf Verhältnisse gleicher Freiheit und wechselseitiger Anerkennung gerichtet ist. Drittens soll das menschliche Leben als Teil der Schöpfung wahrnehmen und bei den kirchlichen Handlungen die eigene Würde der Natur und das Lebensrecht künftiger Generationen berücksitigen.

Korean Churches have achieved explosive growth for this century. The dedication and sacrifice of associate pastors has been a great contribution to this remarkable revival. However, the working conditions and the treatment towards associate pastors has been poor up to this point and no signs of improvement are evident. The objective of this study is to provide the necessity of improvement to the working environment of assistant pastors by searching for poor working conditions and evidence of stress among associate pastors, which is recognized as an ethical issue in society. Another point is to suggest alternatives for better lives of associate pastors based on this study. Three associate pastors in Methodist Churches, three in Presbyterian Churches, and two in Pentecostal Churches participated as research subjects for this study. The study analyzed working conditions and the stress of associate pastors using qualitative methods. First, half-structured 19 questionnaires were created by prior face-to-face talk with two selected associate pastors, and eight associate pastors completed the questionnaires through face-to-face talk. Through the results from the face-to-face talk, this study divided working conditions into the environment in ministry for the Gospel, economic environment, and also materialized the stress of associate pastors in economic life, personal relations, ministry life, family life, and learning conditions etc. Next, this study suggests assignments to the current Christian ethical problems found in society in order to improve poor conditions and relieve stress received by associate pastors.

After Christianity was introduced to Korea in the Japanese occupation period, a major change has been made in the economic consciousness of Korean. First, Good personality of human was accomplished through the use of the riches. Second, before this time, human was recognized as the principal economic subjects, but in this period, the steward notions introduced the concept of economic managers. According to the notion of stewardship, the new human stewardship life concept including of production and consumption has been suggested. People of Joseon Dynasty in that times, think that there is a special ‘fortune’ in accordance with the principles of heaven. They were thinking that people can live only following the rules of heaven and given luck. But the human was an administrator with the concept of autonomy for the economy through the introduction of Christianity. Therefore, the results could be different depending on the efforts of the non-self-given luck thought was passing through economic concepts introduced Christianity. Joseon Confucian scholars regarded the pursuit of a life that is under the influence of Confucianism and the pursuit of wealth can not coexist. But the rich was regarded as a tool of personality formation. That enables it to simultaneously pursue both. This recognition caused due to the Christian influence has motivated so people can practice it easier for wealth sharing. Stewards of human according to the will of the owner, he will want to use owner’s(or His) wealth in His will. In Christianity, God is the master of riches. And the essence of God is love. Steward who must choose the direction in which the practice of God’s love. In other words, the Christians will have the right to share the wealth in the direction that people use to practice love. Once they have the idea that they can use fully the personality of the person making the riches, wealth is not the purpose of life but a tool. In other words, The pursuit of wealth itself, but the people using the wealth, will focus on the completion of personality and faith. Therefore, the Christians spread the wealth sharing is considered to be the ultimate goal for the completion of the right faith and the right personality to act even more aggressively, and this new awareness will lead to action, made ​​out shouting, and sharing the spirit of the new.

In spite of explosive growth of Protestant church in Korea, Protestant church has been losing its moral impact on the Korean society. Its moral crisis is mainly due to church’s secularization which losing its distinctive characters identified such virtues as transcendence, holiness, and the absoluteness of God’s words. In pursuit of pulling many people in, Protestant churches accomodated itself to modern culture dominated by modernism which puts great emphasis on ego, happiness, healing, nurture of individuals. It considerably adopted modern business administration in church ministry as well as psychology in preaching. The church has been changing itself into a sort of institution for healing, upbuilding, and enhancing of egos, rather than community of God. In oder for the church to recover from its moral impotence, it has to bring transcendence and holiness back to its preaching and message. By doing that, it should transform itself to be a community of distinctive character in belief and life.

The period of Judges was the representative period of confusion and unethics in the Old Testament. But The Book of Ruth, which has that period as its historical backgroud, is one of the best-loved works of biblical literature, notable for its literary delicacy and important theological thinkings. It is a treasure house of theological thinking which speaks the change of theological paradigms in the (Post-)Exilic period as well as one of the elaborate literary works in the Old Testament. We can see important themes such as the anti-nationalism, anti-monarchy, invisible sovereign power and grace of hidden God, deference and concern about the social weaks, universalism which permits foreigners as the people of God, international marriage, when we read this book theologically. Those all features are proven through the normal persons’ routine works and dialogues in the shape of diverse skills such as literary chiasmus and contrast. I’m going to try to read the book of Ruth theologically and ethically focusing on grace(דסח hesed) which appears 3 times in the book(1:8; 2:20; 3:10). We can divide the entire book by that word: The story of failure and returning of two widows, The encounter of Boaz and Ruth and the expansion of new hope, legal dialogue between Boaz and a relative of Elimelech. Especially, in the chapters 2-3, we meet Boaz, a responsible relative of Elimelech, Ruth’s deceased father-in-law. Boaz took an interest in her, noting her loyalty to Naomi and Ruth asks Boaz to spread his cloak over her, metaphorically to give her grace and to marry her. During the flowing of the story. We can see the vivid change of the characters and ethical themes as well as significant features of the theological thinking. We can see the grace(דסח) of all characters which are expanded from that of God beyond the laws of Moses and traditional regulations and the stable hope from the emptiness to the fulness. The author shows us the challenge and change of the social weaks beyond the care/protection of the social weaks and tells us the importance of conversion to the religion of YHWH. He highlights theological messages, new cognition of God, change of theological paradigms desiring changing Israel community in the changed world through the encounter of Boaz and Ruth

Christianity in South Korea have plural influential television media and channels, through which a variety of missions, culture, business has developed. Although limited research, the main broadcasters’ programming through the analysis of business goals and yet more than half of what most broadcasters configured to preach character and could see that the limits shown. Preaching the gospel of the most important and effective delivery to target an unspecified number of passages, though the church service broadcast live to relay missions to the nature of the topics being preached in many ways, it was confirmed that this is the limit. To do this, from different angles and ways of overcoming and was pointed out that measures be taken, the point is as follows. 1) To do effort to overcome the unbalanced preaching centered programming. 2) To do effort to ensure various broadcast content is needed. 3) To present and share a common goal, it is necessary to differentiate by broadcasters. 4) To need to anti-privatization of broadcasting organizations and financial stability. 5) To reflect on the medium itself, audience education should be emphasized. Subsequent discussions with a variety of projects and practice of Christian missionary Broadcasting contributes to the creation of a tool and expansion of the kingdom of God is expected to be able to be.