This study focuses on ‘community-based urban ecological art’, where different concepts or areas such as city, ecology, and art meet and achieve the most efficient result. To this end, I examine the concept and meaning of an eco-city, and examples of pioneering art work dealing with urban ecology. After explaining the process of shift from ‘publicity as site-specificity’ to ‘publicity as community-specificity’ related to the publicity issue of ecological art, I will discuss the concept of ‘community’ that has been the subject of debate along with the transition. Also I will introduce two projects: Art as Environment - Cultural Activity of Plum Creek implemented in New Taipei Region of Taiwan, and Green My Favela (GMF) carried out in the slum area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Focusing on two projects developed around urban communities, I will examine the characteristics and significance of urban ecological art.