Analysis of Hoche's Chakjong Relations in 『Zhouyi』

Choi Yeen-young

doi:10.18213/jkccl.2019.38.1.011

The term Chakjong(錯綜) was first used by Kong Yinda during Tang Dynasty. Lai Zhide argued that six Hyos should manifest the logic of yin and yang circulation based on the changes of Chak･Jong and Junghyo even after their own changes. Chakgoae is the substitution of yin with yang and vice versa. Jonggoae is the inversion of Goae upside down. Chakjonggoae is the same Goae even with Chak or Jong. Since Hohoche Jungcheongeon and Hohoche Jungjigon are in yin-yang relations, they are in Chak relations but show no changes in case of Jong. It is thus possible to pair Hoche of Hohoche Jungcheongeon and that of Hohoche Jungjigon with Goae in Chak relations. As a result, when Hohoche is in Chak relations, Hoche can also be paired in Chak relations. Even the Bongoaes of the Hoche can be paired in Chak relations. Hohoche Suhwagije and Hohoche Hwasumije are in Chakjong relations each other. Since there is an even distribution among Chak, Chakjong, and Jong relations between the Hoche of Hohoche Suhwagije and that of Hohoche Hwasumije, the Bongoaes of each Hoche also show an even distribution among Chakjong, Chak, and Jong relations. There is an even distribution among Chak, Chakjong, and Jong relations in Hoches and Bongoaes based on the Chakjong relations between Hohoche Suhwagije and Hohoche Hwasumije, which means that they are entangled in even more complex ways than Geon and Gon in simple Chak relations. This study set out to categorize their Hohoche, Hoche, and Bongaoe into Three Sangs including Bonsang, Naesang, and Oisang and analyze their semantic relations leading to Chakjong, Chak, and Jong relations based on the universal content of "Daesangjeon" and "Danjeon" in Book of Changes. Hoches and Bongoaes of Hohoche Jungcheongeon and Jungjigon in Chak relations form mixing relations of ying and yang, duplicity, and double-sidedness, which means that they are in mutually supplementary and fulfilling relations. There are Chakjong relations among Hohoche Suhwagije, Hochejung Hwasumije and Suhwagije, and Noitaekguimaewa Pungsanjeom. There are Chak relations between Noisuhaewa Punghwagain and Hwataekgyuwa Susangeon. There are Jong relations between Noisuhaewa Susangeon and Hwataekgyuwa Punghwagain. When Hohoches are in Chakjong relations, Hoeches will show an even distribution among Chak, Chakjong, and Jong relations with Bongoaes following the case of Hoches. While Chak relations are automatically accompanied, Chakjong relations will still have the same Goaes even with yin and yang changing places or turning upside down. They will thus have good and ill luck and likes and dislikes alternating in turn. Good luck has ill luck latent it in and vice versa. Likes have dislikes latent in them and vice versa. They thus remind one of the meanings of expressions, "Clouds always follow the sunshine" and "An evil may sometimes turn out a blessing in disguise." Jong relations have Goaes deriving from the inversion of Hyo and Wui. If roles are identified according to Hyo and Wui, the easiness of restoring a situation of good luck will also be discovered. Hoche implies that the identification and analysis of connected meanings among Chakjong, Chak, and Jong serving as bridges among three Sangs(Hohoche-Bonsang, Hoche-Naesang, and Bongoae-Oisang) will enable broad interpretations of Goaes based on more grounds.

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