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A Study on the Ideology of Raising an Righteous Army and Literary Characteristics in the Manifesto of the General of the Righteous Army in the Battle of Cheongju Castle during the Japanese Invasion of Korea
Journal of Korean Classical Chinese Literature
Abbr :
한문고전연구
2020, 41(1), pp.81-105
DOI :10.18213/jkccl.2020.41.1.004
Publisher : The Classical Chinese Literature Association of Korea
Research Area : Korean Language and Literature
2020, 41(1), pp.81-105
DOI :10.18213/jkccl.2020.41.1.004
Publisher : The Classical Chinese Literature Association of Korea
Research Area : Korean Language and Literature
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One of the most remarkable facts in the history of Cheongju is the recapture of Cheongju Castle, which was captured from the Japanese invaders during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. The general of the Righteous Army Cho Heon(趙憲, 1544~1592) and Park Chun-mu(朴春茂, ?~?) were in the center of it. These two men studied under Tojeong(土亭) Lee Ji-ham(李之菡, 1517~1578), they had greater value in that they realized the ideology of Confucianism through the practice of saving their country. As a Confucian scholar, the reason why they were able to recapture Cheongju Castle where the regular army was taken away, by organizing a righteous army, was because of the Confucian ideology called Sahak(斯學) and the solidarity of the Confucian scholars called Samun(斯文). And the means to concentrate and organize the dispersed Confucian scholars was manifesto. Focusing on the manifesto of Cho-Heon and Park Chun-mu, this paper considered the ideology of the struggle and the strategy of the instigation which was revealed in the manifesto. The conclusion is as follows. First, in terms of content, the justification and significance of the struggle are particularly emphasized. The desperation that could no longer look on idly the government army-led national defense posture, which had been collapsed helplessly, is clearly reflected in the manifesto of the Battle of Cheongju Castle. The injustice of the aggressive war and the Japanese military’s cruelty were interlinked with the historical consciousness of the general of the Righteous Army with academic knowledge, then it was formed in the manifesto, so it presented the justification of the struggle to the people. Through this, the consolidated non-regular troops were finally able to achieve their first victory in the land warfare since the outbreak of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. Second, in terms of expression, the rhetoric of instigation and persuasion was provided in the manifesto of Cheongju area during the Japanese Invasion of Korea. The manifesto is a writing that has the purpose of propaganda and instigation, expressing clear sense of order and strong will to protect. In this regard, the manifesto devolves the determined will inherent in author’s consciousness to the readers, and instills the aspiration and courage of the national salvation in their hearts to persuade them to change their behavior. The Yongsa(用事) method of making a deep impression using the expression of historical precedent and the rhetoric of increasing tension through repetition and setting of an orderly structure are extremely intended settings to maximize the instigation of the manifesto. This study is significant in that it is a study paying attention to the literary features of the manifesto, and it is expected that it will be able to contribute to the study of war literature on the Korean Peninsula.
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