The Memorial Ceremony of the Independence Movement Day(March 1) and Representations of the March 1 Independence Movement of the South Korean Government(1988～2017)

CHOI EUN JIN

doi:10.31218/TRKH.2018.09.131.367

After the June Democracy Movement, the memorial ceremony of the Independence Movement Day(March 1) of the South Korean government, the historical, political and social significance of its representations of the March 1 Independence Movement will be examined during the 30 years from 1988 to 2017. The Roh Tae-woo and Kim Young-sam government tried to get rid of authoritarianism through the memorial ceremony of the Independence Movement Day, but the democratization was limited. The Roh Tae-woo government and ‘the Civilian Government’ represented the March 1 Spirit as a ‘national unification’ and ‘liberal democracy’, but this went round and round. Meanwhile, the representations of the March 1 Independence Movement were combined with real political and economic tasks. The Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun government emphasized the national event of the Independence Movement Day for the reconciliation and cooperation between South and North Korea, and of ‘clearing the past affairs bygones’. ‘The Government of the People’ and ‘the Participatory Government’ represented the March 1 Independence Movement as a ‘participatory democracy’ and ‘peace’. The Roh Moo-hyun government also strongly raised the issue of ‘resolving the past affairs bygones’ of Japan. But Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye government tended to simplify the celebration of the Independence Movement Day. However, they put emphasis on developing ‘patriotism’ through the memorial ceremony of the Independence Movement Day. In addition, through the Independence Movement Day speech, they stressed that ‘the practical’ relationship between Korea and Japan and sanctions against North Korea are important. And despite the social opposition to the regime, they only told the representation of ‘fusion’ and ‘combination’ as in the authoritarian era.

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