KJC Korea
Journal Central

We could connect the peace and the security of every state with the relation between the war and the peace. We could appreciate that the peace is the ultimate purpose that the human kind have to pursue and the war is one of various means for achieving the peace, although the war and the peace have a inseparable relation as like two faces of the coin. And then we know that we could not maintain the peace as a ultimate purpose for the construction of peace system that we have to pursue, if we could deter the war effectively. The detente as a international cooperation system which plays a important role for resolving the military tension and conflict, originally could not be achieved by one-sided effort. But maintaining the delicate relation with political situation, It could be achieved by following procedure of resolving problems, whether we accept the political situation with permission of this situation as it stands or coordinate the given situation. The facts that tension exists in itself means that the structure of present state makes up the political confrontation. Therefore It is necessary for every state to break down the given actual state and change it into new state in order to overcome the political conflict. Especially in consideration of political and military situation on the Korean Peninsula, It is necessary for us to concentrate efforts for taking out the North Korea's change in order to make a Detente, to overcome the difficulty of armistice agreement system which cause the military conflict and to construct the peace system, so called ‘Peace-Building’. Therefore political and military actual measures for the peace-building must be taken by mutual agreement and common effort between two Koreas. And then for this above all it is necessary for two Koreas to create the situational condition under the premise of complete destruction of nuclear weapons of North Korea. In this point of view with analysis of two Koreas' strategy and main issues in the course of switching the armistice agreement system to peace system the writer would like to propose precedent conditions for the guarantee of the construction of peace system after ratiocination of main measures for the construction of peace system in the point of view of South Korea.

This paper has analyzed how university education on unification had to be formalized under the prevalence of neo-liberalism, which is a structural aspect of the Korean society. Through this analysis, the paper hopes to obtain a healthy framework in which university education can seek necessary and sufficient conditions for education on unification. While university education must prevent indoctrination of political ideologies and strive for desirable agendas, the education has unfortunately become formalized according to the ruling party and vested interests. Such formalization has continued to this day. Thus, the paper points out the structural limitation imposed by university education which focuses on functionality, as well as neo-classical discourse, devises to overcome the lack of appropriateness of abstract discourse on unification under the current education paradigm. Civil education and unification education in universities in Korea are emphasized because they enhance the efficiency of, and obtains legitimacy for, the political system. Also, such education integrates the society and prepares next generation of civil citizens for developed democracy. However, such functional needs cannot be met under the current educational environment which concentrates solely on career development and simple transfer of knowledge. Perhaps the root of the current problem is structural, in that unification issue has become externalized on specific values. However, we can also specify other roots of the problem, namely that South Korea is a trade-oriented country and that certain groups have privatized social values and norms. This paper argues that the Korean society should break away from oppresive and exclusive dominance on constituents and that it should rather learn how to resolve conflicts through trust and communication, in order to achieve substantial democracy. Simultaneously, university education on unification should take epistemological approach the subject, not that of enlightenment. Furthermore, it should do away with emphasis on homogeneity which entails persuasion instead of acceptance of others. Lastly, unification education should convert tnself from a "government" activity to the post-modern, more comprehensive "governance" process.

This paper aimed to analyse the changes of security situation in Northeast Asia and the tasks of national defence policy of the Republic of Korea. For the purpose of that, this paper searched for the changes of security situation in Northeast Asia and future warfare in general, the objectives and tenets of the national defence policy, the ROK’s national defence policy tasks, and concluded. Within Northeast Asia, mutual exchanges and multilateral cooperation have been increasing. Yet the causes for disputes and the maritime demarcation issue, still exist leading concerned nations to compete against one another in bolstering their military power, which destabilizes the region. Despite the sanctions levied by the international community and its economic hardships, North Korea has put its utmost effort into constructing a strong and prosperous nation by the year 2012. The fact that North Korea has the world’s fourth largest conventional military force and that it has developed WMDs, including nuclear weapons, poses a serious threat to peace on the Korean Peninsula. The Ministry of National Defense(MND) strives to reform national defense by building slim but strong advanced ROK military forces capable of meeting the challenges posed by the changing strategic environment of the 21st century and future warfare in general. The basic policy direction for national military reform is to change the military structure and develop a pragmatic, advanced defense operational system to counter various security threats posed at home and abroad. Our military should do its best to build advanced military capabilities capable of ensuring deterrence and victory incases of an all-out war as well as coping with the threat of local provocations by North Korea by making systems, the C4I system, which enables network-centric warfare, and a mobile strike capability will be obtained.

This study speculates on the effects changes in the Economic Cooperation Relationship between North Korea and China will have on the future unification on the Korean Peninsula, and Korea's responses. As China has risen to be one of the G2 nations, it has taken a new level in world order and this puts a focus on the safe management of local problems in East Asia. China and North Korea have developed a solid cooperative relationship in the political, economic, and military fields while maintaining special socialist systems in Northeast Asia. Reinforced economic cooperation between North Korea and China may bring general political change to the Korean peninsula and to Northeast Asia. This also has meaning in that the reinforced cooperative relationship is presented as another model for North Korean and Chinese relations. North Korea has reinforced economic cooperation between itself and China further by requesting economic support from China with the purpose to overcome the stagnation in the South and North Korean relationship since Lee Myeong-bak's government took office in February 2008. The changed relationship between North Korea and China was caused by construction of North Korea's powerful nation, cooperation for Chang-JI-Tu development plan and the stagnation in cooperation between North and South Korea, and strategic understanding of North Korea. These changes may affect the unification of the Korean Peninsula and the resulting ripple effects may accelerate changes in the political conditions on the Korean peninsula. The influences of an altered Chinese and North Korean cooperative economic relationship are presented as follows: First, it provides a chance for North Korea to open its gates. Second, it motivates North Korea to change from having a heavy industry-centered policy to a light industry-centered policy. Third, it will save resources in the future cost of unification. Korea's possible responses to these conditions are as follows: First, it should have a cooperative attitude to North Korea opening up. Second, it should have an attitude to participate in the development plan of Chang-JI-Tu to overcome the stagnant relationship between North and South Korea and to develop conditions for the unification of the Korean peninsula.

An analysis of the relationship between South and North Korea can be done in a number of different way; through analyzing its people (i.e. by observing the ideology of their respective elites, the lives of their public officials and/or ordinary people), politics and security issues, environment, society, individuals, traffic, telecommunication, economy, culture and broadcasting. However, it is hard to find academic research done in relation to analyzing the South and North Korean relationship through impact of Bombing of Korean Air Fight 858(KAL 858)Previous research on the bombing of KAL 858 mostly dealt with part of the incident. This is because most of the previous research merely described what has been reported in the research of Agency for National Security Planning (Currently called National Intelligence Service, or NIS), they fail to develop in-depth discussion to it. In other words, the incident is merely referred as a successful example of a North Korean terror attack or an example of an airplane crash. Also, the scope of discussion has been limited to two approaches. The first approach has been to discuss it as an example of North Korean terror against South Korea. The second has been to discuss the incident in relation to international law; in detail in the field of aircraft safety, Presidential elections, North Korea’s status on state terrorism lists, and North Korea’s kidnapping of Japanese citizens. Consequently, most of the research in this incident merely refer the incident for the “purpose of necessity” or repeat what has been reported by Agency for National Security Planning. For this reason, and in contrast to previous research of this incident, this paper intends to deal with the bombing of Korean Air Flight 858 comprehensively by looking at the various perspective of history and the background of the incident and the resulting “vicious circle” of the South and North Korean relationship. The bombing of Korean 858 in 1987 is one of the landmarks of South and North Korean relationship since the Korean War in 1950. Through this incident, we should find the wisdom against to the provocation of North Korea against South Korea. However, it should be noted that it is not clear whether North Korea will repeat their “hit and clinch” type of policy. The reason is that even if North Korea continues their traditional cold war policies, their economy is in too much trouble to continue such policies and also it is probable South Korea will continue to put more effort in “communicate” with North, regardless of which of the South’s political parties is in power. For this reason, it is important to find a strategy to change North Korea’s repeating “hit and clinch” type of policy against South Korea to productive way.

The government of China has launched a policy to revitalize the economy of the three northeast provinces. Through exhibiting the implementation of this policy and the entrance of Korean business to the market of the three northeast provinces, this paper tries to grasp the features of Korean Chinese business network in Heilongjiang, and then to investigate the current utilization of networks. First, the most frequent utilized network for Korean Chinese is based on the geographical, business and matter relationship. Second, the cooperation between Korean Chinese business and Korean business invested in Heilongjiang is lower than the cooperation between Korean Chinese business in Heilongjiang and Korean Chinese business in other regions of China, and the survey result also shows that the cooperation content between Korean Chinese business and Korean business in Heilongjiang is mainly in the order of developing sales channel, technique cooperation and then business information exchange. Third, the cooperation between Korean Chinese business in Heilongjiang and the enterprise in Korea mainly lies in technique cooperation and the purchasing of raw and parts materials, and the survey on the satisfaction of the cooperation shows that the satisfaction rate was 36.4%, which is lower than the cooperation of Korean Chinese business in other regions of China. Fourth, depending on the solid construction of Korean Chinese business network, there is possibility for Korean business to take part in the program of developing the northeast three province, meanwhile enlarge Korean business market in China. In spite of varied limitations, this paper through surveying the network status of Heilongjiang, exhibits a great significance of the utilized networks in developing the northeast of China.

Previous research of identity for ethnic Koreans living in China (hereafter ethnic Koreans) has primarily concentrated upon essays rather than empirical studies. In addition, empirical studies on ethnic Koreans limit study subjects to students studying abroad, college students, guest workers, and female immigrants for international marriage; therefore, those studies have a limitation to reveal social determinants of identity for ethnic Koreans. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which socio-demographic attributes are associated with identity for ethnic Koreans who come from various geographical backgrounds and social strata. Our findings of T-Test or ANOVA analyses show that (1) age, education, origin of birth, and growing background are associated with people identity, (2) no socio-demographic attributes have significant association with nation identity, and (3) age, education, and growing background are associated with independent identity. Results of multiple regression including all variables reveal that education, origin of birth, and growing background are associated with people identity, and age, education, and experience of visiting Korea are associated with independent identity.

Recently in the world economy, the importance of service industries and trade are going constantly expanding. Transportation sector, especially with the travel sector, is traditionally becoming the most important trade in services, and Korea is the one of the countries where are competitive in those fields. However, according to a recent survey, South Korean trade balance of the aviation and shipping industries became deficit coming to a crisis in the trade services. In the mean time, Chinese government is mainly establishing the strategies for expanding global market including the aviation and shipping industries, so it is inevitable for these two countries to compete each other as well as in the global trade market. Based on OECD statistics on trade in services, EU FTA on the occasion of signing the EU market is expected to expand the market and competing within the country, China, Japan, USA, Singapore, five in the transportation trade in services related to changes in international competitiveness indices were analyzed through the dynamics. As a result, South Korea for the international competitiveness of the market trend in EU transportation services is falling with the share of maritime transportation market on the rise of China as having the greatest impact can be inferred Air transport services, while increasing market share while expanding and sustaining the competitiveness of South Korea transportation services were analyzed in the main Inn.

The purpose of the paper is to discuss the implication of an increase in the number of incoming Chinese tourists and region economic integration, introducing potential regional tourism resources for them and some methods to induce them to the regions of Kwangju City and Chollanamdo Province. A recent improvement in accessibility to Gwangju-Jeonnam region was made by the opening of air transportation between Muan International Airpoet in Korea and some Chinese cities, now Shanghai only. But the application and utilization of various region's tourism resources has not been well-established yet. In the meantime, many tourism attractions in the region have been recognized increasingly over time. And tourism investigators or researchers in the region began to believe that these attractions might call in much more Chinese travellers into the region than ever. In fact, the growth of the Chinese tourism market is the opportunity for the Gwangju-Jeonnam region to develop its tourism industry, because the region has lots of common such as cultural homogeneity, and is geographically closer than any other regions. To make good use of the opportunity, the whole region has to set up various plans to target potential Chinese tourists. To achieve the goal of induding Chinese tourists, local governments should implement a variety of policies and utilize all the tourism resources to the extent that Chinese tourists pay attention to them naturally. Otherwise, the region may not escape the vicious circle of low development in the nation.

Development of economic globalization and WTO accession，Not only for China and South Korea to participate in world culture, created favorable conditions for industrial competitiveness，China and South Korea also provides for cultural cooperation in power industry. The Culture‐Industry is becoming center of knowledge economy in 21 century, China is the emerging economic power country and cultural country, but China also weakness in cultural industry. The culture industry development is being attached much importance by China’s government at present, the government actively formulate cultural industry developmental strategy plans and implementation plans. South Korea determines strategy of "cultural nation", and realized the leaping development. Rapid rose of South‐Korea’s model function and meaning, provide to the China's culture industry development for intentional enlightenment. The background of the world economic in the new competition, explore realistic the way of China and South Korea cultural industry development, the aim is upgrading international competition power of the two countries culture industry, and increase the soft power of our country.