Korean Policy for Raising Fighter Pilots as well as U.S. Aircraft Aid to Korea during the First Half of the Korean War: Focused on the Establishment of the 1st Fighter Wing

Lee Jiwon

doi:10.18013/jnar.2020.35.2.002

Before the Korean War, the ROK Air Force was nothing but an “air detachment” with twenty-two liaison and trainer aircraft. As soon as the Korean War broke out, the U.S. provided ten F-51 fighters to the Republic of Korea. After that, the Korean government made several requests for further large scale aid for the purpose of creating a tactical air unit to carry out air operations. But U.S. didn't accept that since Korea was not equipped with personnel and economic foundation to manage such a large air unit. However, this matter, which lasted throughout the first half of the war, was resolved as the stalemate and the armistice talks began in 1951 summer. The U.S. agreed that the ROK was needed to possess the potential to ba able to conduct tactical air operations on its own following U.S. leaving Korea after the war. Korea coupled with U.S. established three different phases of flight training system to produce fighter pilots continuously, leading to establish the 1st Fighter Wing. This unit was officially included later in the tactical unit under the United Nations Command (UNC) passing the Operations Readiness Test (ORT) driven by the U.S. 5th Air Force. This study argued that the continuous interaction between Korea and U.S. built the Korean air power during the war.

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* 2022년 이후 발행 논문의 참고문헌은 현재 구축 중입니다.

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