The Idea of Anger and Reward and/or Punishment of Heaven over Human Beings in the Thoughts of Chŏng Yagjong and Chŏng Yagyong -With Reference to True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven-

Jongwoo Yi

The ideas of anger and reward and/or punishment over human beings arefound both in East Asian and Western classics. I have studied them from theperspective of the thoughts of Chŏng Yagyong and his brother ChŏngYagjong. Chŏng Yagyong says that heaven can express anger over the misdemeanorsof human beings and spirits, which are the officials of heaven, don’t giveblessing to them. Besides, heaven’s disciplines and punishment over humanbeings and its reward over man's good deeds are expressed in his saying. The same ideas are also found in a book written by his elder brother ChŏngYagjong, which Tasan read. However, those ideas are also found in the SixClassics and the Book of Documents and the True Meaning of the Lord ofHeaven written by Mateo Ricci. On the other hand, Chŏng Yagjong mentions “Genesis” in the Bible. Besides, he was influenced by the True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven thatsays heaven punishes evildoers and gives rewards to those who perform good deeds, which are by no means intentional but unconscious action. Confucianism and Catholicism were melted in Tasan’s thought. Thus, angerand punishment of heaven can be commonly found both in the classics ofEast Asia and the West. Therefore, Tasan’s sayings also shared a commonview. In Chŏng Yagjong's saying, human beings should serve the Lord ofHeaven like parents. Such an idea is also found in Confucian ethics.

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