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Journal Central

If it is possible to preserve and culture cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth in a readily available storagemedium within each family, more stem cells would be obtained. This research is about the effect of storage mediaand time on pulpal cell viability of exfoliated deciduous teeth. 330 exfoliated deciduous teeth were randomly divided into 11 groups; fresh group, dry group, groups stored incell culture medium (2, 4, 7 days each), in milk (2, 4, 7 days each), and in saline (2, 4, 7 days each). Primaryculture of pulpal cells was conducted in each group and the success rates were compared by calculating thenumber of teeth with viable cells. The result of primary culture shows that the success rate decreases as the time of storage gets longer. Therewas no statistical difference between groups stored in the cell culture medium, milk, and saline for 2 and 4days. However, the groups stored in milk and saline for 7 days showed dramatic decrease in success rate comparedto the group stored in the cell culture medium. In conclusion, exfoliated or extracted deciduous teeth can be used to culture pulpal cells when they are storedin milk and saline for a certain period of time; however obtaining viable pulpal cells becomes harder as the storagetime gets longer.

Although adolescents usually show peculiar aspects in oral health status, there have been not so many studiesabout it, while there have been innumerable studies for children. This study aimed at evaluating the prevalenceof dental caries of adolescents in Yangsan in Republic of Korea, detecting its contributing factors, and distinguishingthe high-risk group by epidemiological mass survey. Besides, the significance including early carieslesion in diagnosis criteria was assessed with minimal invasive concept. This survey was performed on 1,371 adolescents aged 14 to 16 in Yangsan as subject examinees by a singletrained examiner. The dental caries status was checked by oral examination at schools and questionnaire surveywas accompanied for some relevant risk factors. The data were analyzed to yield the results as follows:Regarding the caries experience, the DMFT score by WHO criteria with ECL including or not was 4.79 and3.97 respectively. In both the criteria, female showed higher values and that of high-risk group was almosttwice compared with whole examinees by Sic Index. About pit & fissure sealed rate, it revealed the tendency that the more sealed teeth, the lower DMFT values. Among the studied risk factors, only the habit of brushing before going to bed showed positive relationship (p <0.05).

Deep sedation is considered for the dental treatment of pediatric or disabled patients who have severe anxietyor involuntary movement. Deep sedation using sevoflurane inhalation in emergency dental practice, therefore, isalso preferred for fast induction and recovery. This survey consists of 121 people with pediatric or disabled patientswho underwent dental treatment under deep sedation using sevoflurane inhalation from January 2013 toOctober 2013. Patients who were scheduled for deep sedation were classified into a non-emergency sevofluranesedation group, whereas patients who underwent emergency sedation due to trauma and patients with disabledcharacteristics itself were classified into an emergency sevoflurane sedation group. Of 121 patients studied, 95patients received dental care under non-emergency sedation, 26 patients received dental care under emergencysevoflurane sedation. The two groups were analyzed according to: gender; age; primary reason for sedation; durationof sedation; treatment time; induction methods; treatment information; and departments. Non-emergencysevoflurane sedation in pediatric or disabled patients was safe and effective for controlling the behavior. Emergency sevoflurane sedation was a useful method for younger pediatric patients with traumatic injury whoneed simple, short time emergency treatment. Deep sedation using sevoflurane inhalation not only will reducethe use of general anesthesia gradually but also will be a useful method to emergency treatment for pediatric ordisabled patients.

There are several ways to analyse stress resulting from anxiety and fear within dental treatment for children. Surveying questionnaires and monitoring biologic reaction are the most common ways for evaluating stress. Pulse oximeter is a popular device for detecting heart rate but not appropriate for moving children. In thisstudy, we compared a recently introduced wrist- watch type heart rate monitor(Alpha, MIO, USA) with a pulseoximeter(MP110, MECKIS, Republic of Korea) for 10 attendants with two conditions including resting state andexcited state after exercise. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and there is no statisticaldifference between two devices(p < 0.05).

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome(NBCCS) is a autosomal dominant disorder, and its major manifestationsare multiple basal cell carcinoma, keratocystic odontogenic tumor, rib anomalies, palmer and plantar pits,calcification of the falx cerebri. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor(KCOT) is defined as intraosseous tumor ofodontogenic origin with a characteristic lining of parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and potentialaggressive behavior. We report a case of a 3-year-old patient with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome whoinitially presented with unilocular keratocystic odontogenic tumor in maxillary canine region. Keratocysticodontogenic tumor was treated by enucleation, and periodic follow-up check will be required for early diagnosisof additional diseases related with this syndrome.

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is autosomal dominant disorder that occurs approximately 1 in 25,000 to50,000 live births. The main signs of syndrome are hypoplasia of facial bone and microtia. One in third of themis associated with cleft palate and often shows dental hypoplasia. TCS patients need several number of surgerywith general anesthesia throughout their life time for recovery of function and esthetic. Endotracheal intubationof TCS patient is very difficult due to microstomia, retrognathia, choanal stenosis, and decreased oropharyngealairway. Therefore, general anesthesia of adolescent TCS patient with immature incisor roots has high risk ofcausing dental trauma. This case is regarding TCS patient who was referred to the Department of PediatricDentistry, Yonsei University for avulsed upper left central incisor during endotracheal intubation. The purposeof this report is to emphasize the usefulness of mouth guard to prevent dental trauma when endotracheal intubationis needed for TCS patient.

Dentin dysplasia is a rare hereditary disturbance characterized by a dental anomaly of the dentin layer. Theetiology is unclear, and this rare hereditary disturbance affects approximately one person in every 100,000. Dentin dysplasia is classified into two types, radicular dentin dysplasia as type I and coronal dentin dysplasia astype II. The characteristic clinical findings of dentin dysplasia type I are normal appearance of the crown andhypermobility of teeth. The radiographic findings are obliteration of all pulp canals, short, blunted and malformedor absent roots. Dentin dysplasia type II as coronal dentin dysplasia shows similar clinical features withdentinogensis imperfecta. This report shows a case of dentin dysplasia type I affecting one family except the father. The clinical, radiographicand histopathologic findings of this family are presented. Dentin dysplasia type I is difficult to diagnose unless dentist performs radiographic examination. If the affectingpatient does not get regular dental care, dental abscesses or cysts may form spontaneously without caries. Inthis regard, early diagnosis is important to prevent premature loss of dentition.

Transposition is a unique and extreme form of ectopic eruption where a tooth develops and erupts in a position,normally occupied by an adjacent tooth. Generally, three treatment options are available when the maxillary canine and first premolar are transposed. In the first treatment option, the transposed position of the teeth can be maintained such that the first premolaris moved to the position of the canine. Second, extraction of the maxillary first premolar can be considered. Third, the position of the transposed teeth can be corrected such that their normal positions in the arch arerestored. Factors that should be considered in treatment modality decision include function, occlusion, periodontalsupport, treatment time, patient cooperation, and esthetic demands. This report describes cases of maxillarycanine-premolar transposition treated with each of the three aforementioned treatment options. In the first case,transposed teeth were arranged in their transposed position. The second case was an extraction case. In thethird case, orthodontic treatment and surgical repositioning were conducted.

Mesiodens is defined as a supernumerary tooth in the premaxillary region. It can cause several clinicalmanifestations in normal eruption and position of adjacent teeth, such as displacement and impaction. Althoughthe mesiodens accompanied by a clinical complication is indicated for removal, the optimal time of mesiodensremoval is still controversial. Some authors suggest immediate intervention defining the removal of mesiodens assoon as possible after the first detection. On the other hand, others recommend delayed intervention whichdenotes the removal of mesiodens after complete root development of adjacent teeth. This case report is presented with three cases of spontaneous correction and proper alignment of rotatedmaxillary central incisors by extraction of mesiodens when the crowns of rotated incisors were completely formedwhile the roots of them were at an early developmental stage.

Cleft lip and palate(CLP) is one of the most common craniofacial deformities that requires systemic managementinvolving a multidisciplinary team approach. Although there has been great improvement in the field of cleftsurgery, surgical approach alone cannot resolve the various problems in treating cleft lip and palate. Hence theneed for presurgical treatment was appreciated and especially, the concept of presurgical nasoalveolar moldingwas applied to treat unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Presurgical nasoalveolar molding(PNAM) of unilateral cleft mainly aims to recover nasal symmetry while theobjectives of pre-surgical nasoalveolar molding in the bilateral cleft are to elongate the columella, to erect the tipof nose, and to reposition the forward displaced premaxillary region. This report covers the case of fraternal twins diagnosed with bilateral cleft. Retraction of the premaxillaryregion and nasoalveolar molding were conducted for 70 days until cheiloplasty, using elastic bands andnasoalveolar molding appliances. After cheiloplasty, there had been improvements in the length of columella andthe position of forward-displaced premaxilla for both patients compared to their initial states. The esthetics wasalso satisfactory for both the surgery and the parents. In order to maximize the efficacy of the appliance, threecomponents should be in balance; patients’adaptation to the appliance, parents’cooperation and proper selectionand careful adjustment of the appliance by the dentist.

Intractable ulcerating enterocolitis is an uncommon inflammatory bowel disease syndrome of neonatal onsetfirst described in 1991. Intractable ulcerating enterocolitis usually presents in the neonate with a mouth ulcerationand the subsequent development of perianal disease and colitis. In this case report, an infant, 18 days from birth, with ulcerative lesion on hard palate for systemic differentialdiagnosis about oral lesion is referred from the department depiatrics. At that time, there is no abnormality,except oral lesion-like Aphthous ulcer. The patient was discharged from pediatrics, but returned to the hospital3weeks later with blood diarrhea. As a result of endoscopy, there were large ulcerating lesions and the patientwas diagnosed intractable ulcerating enterocolitis. Early recognition of Intractable ulcerating enterocolitis appears to be beneficial because colectomy, as opposedto immunosuppression, appears to be effective in controlling disease symptoms and progression. Most of theinfants who were affected intractable ulcerating enterocolitis were normal at birth and oral manifestationappeared earlier than others. So, it is very meaningful for dentists to know about Intractable ulcerating enterocolitis.

Dentigerous cyst is the most common developmental odontogenic cyst of the jaw which is associated withunerupted teeth. Treatment modalities range from enucleation to marsupialization. Enucleation is the process inwhich the cyst is completely removed, and this is usually indicated for smaller lesions. Larger cysts can be treatedby marsupialization, which is a process that consists of making a surgical cavity on the wall of the cyst, emptyingits content and maintaining the continuity between the cyst and the oral cavity. This procedure allowsdecompression of the cyst, regeneration of the bone-defected area, and also lets the wall of the cyst change intonormal mucosa. This technique will protect adjacent structures and will promote spontaneous eruption ofsuccedaneous teeth previously surrounded by the cyst. These are two case reports of a 5-year-old and an 11-year-old boy with dentigerous cysts found regardingsupernumerary tooth and pulpotomized mandibular primary molars, respectively. Due to the large size of thecysts, both cases were treated with marsupialization. This case report shows that in cases regarding large-sized dentigerous cysts, marsupialization can be aneffective surgical technique that promotes spontaneous eruption of cyst-involved succedaneous teeth and thepreservation of adjacent teeth.

The Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry hosted the 24th IAPD Congress in Seoul, Korea on June 12-15,2013. The main theme of the congress was the“ New visions in Pediatric Dentistry”A total number of 1,855 participants, including exhibitors and press from 67 countries, participated in the24th IAPD Congress. The scientific program consists of 85 invited lectures, 126 oral presentations, and 553poster presentations. 46 companies and organizations have supported and participated in Seoul IAPD Congress. Overall the congress was a success in terms of high attendance rate from 67 countries over the world. Considering the fact that Korea is located in the far-east, the number of overseas delegates(943) are remarkable. Also it is desirable to have over 100 delegates from developing countries which eventually aim tocollaborate worldwide. The scientific program covered a variety of topics and many of the delegates stayed in the session room untilthe last day of the congress. Although it could have been more beneficial to allot more time for each speaker todiscuss further, the program fit the Congress theme“ New Visions for Paediatric Dentistry”. All social event tickets were sold out early and it attracted participants with interesting program enablingparticipants to interact and exchange ideas outside of the meeting.