KJC Korea
Journal Central

This study was conducted for the purpose of providing basic data that aims to develop the clinical practiceeducation program and improve satisfaction for clerkship by evaluating the satisfaction of students who participatedin learning using role-play in the clerkship of the department of pediatric dentistry. 85 senior dental students participated in this study. The students were divided into 17 groups and randomlyperformed role-plays in their role. After each role-play, a questionnaire designed to evaluate students’satisfactionon interest and appropriacy and satisfaction on usefulness towards role-play were completed by 77 students. The mean score of total satisfaction was 3.38 on a 5 point Likert scale. The mean score satisfaction on interestand appropriacy was 3.99 and the mean score satisfaction on usefulness was 3.79. The satisfaction score in therole group of parents was the highest and there was a significant difference in mean scores by the role groups (p< 0.05). Students evaluated the role-play as an interesting and useful educational tool in clerkship. It is necessary toundergo further trials and complement programs to upgrade the quality of dental clerkship.

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of a detection method for Streptococcus mutans insaliva with monoclonal antibodies developed targeting Ag I/II and glucosyltransferases (gtf B, gtf C and gtf D) inStreptococcus mutans. In the three groups tested (adults, minors, and minors under orthodontic treatment), theresults of the DMFT scores, the colony density (CFU/mL) in their saliva was measured using Dentocult-SMstrip mutans, polymerase chain reaction was performed to test whether Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcussobrinus were present, and Streptococcus mutans detecting tests performed in their saliva using four types ofmonoclonal antibody were collected. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the Streptococcus mutants plays more important role in forming dentalcaries compared to Streptococcus sobrinus, and that the monoclonal antibodies against glucosyltransferases(gtf B, gtf C, gtf D) and Ag I/II of Streptococcus mutans are superior in detecting Streptococcus mutans toDentocult-SM strip mutans or polymerase chain reaction.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eruption patterns of mandibular premolars associated withdentigerous cysts after marsupialization regarding the depth, angulation and root development of impactedteeth. Spontaneous eruption was found in 93% of mandibular premolars after marsupialization. Eruption speedand rate of angulation change were greater in mandibular premolars associated with a cyst than those on thenon-cyst side. The group with less matured roots tended to have greater eruption speed and angulation change. The eruption speed and angulation change declined rapidly during the first 6 months after marsupialization. Based on the results of this study, it might be possible to predict the eruption pattern of mandibular premolarsassociated with a cyst after marsupialization, which would be useful for treatment planning.

A new colorimetric test (Cariview) using a new type of pH indicator can reflect the acidogenic potential ofplaque bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between Cariview and the cariesexperience (measured through the dmft index) of children, and to compare Cariview with Dentocult SM. Having obtained informed consent, 135 children less than 6 years old participated in the study. We examinedtheir dmft index, and performed two caries activity tests (Cariview and Dentocult SM) according to the manufacturers’instructions. In the results, Cariview showed a moderate correlation with the dmft index (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). Cariviewshowed a sensitivity of 68.8%, a specificity of 69.2%, and an area under curve of 0.686 in the ROC curve analysis. Cariview had a significant correlation with the children’s caries experience and had a slightly better explanatoryability than Dentocult SM. Furthermore, Cariview was convenient and easy to use on uncooperative children, and also had an educationaleffect with its visual colors. It is suggested that Cariview could be used clinically to identify the childrensusceptible to develop caries and to establish a preventive strategy.

Children commonly experience orofacial injuries and often need emergency treatment. Due to fear and anxiety,children tend to be uncooperative in emergency rooms. Ketamine hydrochloride is a well-known sedative agentat medical-based emergency rooms which has been used for procedural sedation. In this paper, we will discussthe sedation of uncooperative young patients, who needed dental treatments in the emergency room at WonjuSeverance Christian Hospital, using ketamine. We collected the records of patients under 18-years-old whovisited the emergency room for dental treatment from January 2010 to May 2014. The data was categorized byage, sex, required dental treatments and application of ketamine sedation. Among 659 pediatric patients whovisited for emergency dental treatments, 118 patients were treated under sedation using ketamine. Majority ofpatients were under the age of 6 (110 patients), and the most frequent cause of sedation was suture of orallaceration (105 patients). Though ketamine should not be used by dentists alone, dentists in emergency roomscan easily meet the patients under deep sedation using ketamine. Hence, dentists in emergency rooms need tobe aware of the clinical effects, considerations, and potential adverse effects of ketamine.

The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate facemask effects when two types of intraoralappliances were used for maxillary protraction for patients with class III malocclusion. Eighteen patients withclass III malocclusion were treated with a facemask for an average of 12 months. Two types of intraoralappliances were used: nine patients were treated with bonded expander (Group 1), and nine patients withHyrax (Group 2). Cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric radiographswere traced, analyzed, and the results such as sagittal, vertical and soft-tissue changes were compared betweentwo groups. The amount of anchorage loss was also measured to evaluate the difference between two groups. All patients showed significant sagittal skeletal changes after treatment, and there was no statisticallysignificant difference between the two groups. When anchorage loss was evaluated, no differences were shownbetween the two. Facemask with Hyrax or bonded expander is similarly an effective method as a treatment in class IIImalocclusion patients.

This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluating the stainless steel crowns on extracted primary molarsand thus identifying frequent errors and defects. Visual assessment and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) image analysis were performed on 97 primary molars for evaluation of the state of marginal adaptation,cement loss, secondary caries, ledge formation, attritive perforation and marginal polishing defect. The resultswere as follows:In the examination of object teeth by evaluation criteria, cement loss was found most frequently (98%),followed by secondary caries (42.3%), marginal polishing defect (41.2%), ledge formation (29.9%) and attritiveperforation (17.5%), in this order. The cement loss at the margins showed a significant relationship withmarginal gap and secondary caries: the larger the marginal gap is, the more frequent is the cement loss (p <0.05). The average marginal gap was 0.31 ± 0.26 mm and showed the highest value in the maxillary 2nd primarymolars. The location of the crown margin above the cementoenamel junction was found most frequentlyand it was found that the higher the crown margin is located, the less the marginal gap becomes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it is thought very desirable to pay closer attention to crown margins and shapes for stainlesssteel crown restoration in order to minimize the marginal gaps and consequent cement loss.

Supernumerary teeth (SNTs) refer to extra teeth over normal numbers. SNTs can influence adjacent teethand structure. Therefore, it is important to find SNTs before they cause problems and to decide when to extractthem. Etiology of SNTs has not exactly been found, but it has been proposed that genetic and environmental factorsare associated. SNT appears as a single unit in most cases and multiple SNTs usually occur as a part of asyndrome. Non-syndromic multiple SNTs are rarely seen. This report is to document the occurrence of multiple supernumerary premolars in a father and his three sons. Heritage is an important factor in SNT development so familial history is important for early detection of SNT.

Despite preventative efforts, aspiration and ingestion of foreign bodies during clinical dental proceduresoccasionally occur. Careful clinical and radiographic examination and prompt emergency management canprevent potentially serious consequences. In this report, we describe a case of accidental foreign body ingestionand discuss prevention and management of dental instrument aspiration and ingestion.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication of Congenital heart defects (CHD) withleft-to-right shunts, and PAH with increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is associated with considerablemorbidity and mortality. General anesthesia (GA) can be life-threatening in patients with PAH, becausethe positive pressure ventilation during GA increases pulmonary arterial pressure and decreases pulmonaryblood flow. This may also lead to hypoxia. Therefore, spontaneous ventilation may be safer than positive pressureventilation in patients with PAH. A five-year-old male child, weighing 11 kg, with medical history showing a total correction of Tetralogy ofFallot (TOF) in 2009 and ongoing treatment with hypertension (HTN) medicine since 2007, visited theDankook University Dental Hospital. He had multiple dental caries, and the treatment was completed undersevoflurane insufflation sedation via nasal cannula. The patient remained sedated throughout the operationwhile maintaining normal vital signs and spontaneous respiration. In conclusion, sevoflurane insufflation sedation may be a safer alternative to GA for the dental treatment ofpatients with PAH.

Dentists who want to perform sedation must have abilities to control any emergent situation that may occurduring treatment procedures. In the 2010 guideline for the use of sedation by dentists, he/she must has validcertifications for basic life support (BLS) and for advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS). The KoreanAssociation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (KACPR) has made a contract with the American HeartAssociation for education and certification. From 2004, they have held many courses for BLS and ACLSproviders and instructors. The author of this research participated in the above mentioned courses and qualifiedas a BLS provider, BLS instructor and ACLS provider. The present paper was intended as an introduction to and arrangement of BLS and ACLS courses for healthcare providers through a year of experience. However, the previous course of the ACLS provider was focused more toward medical doctors. It is necessaryto develop a new advanced course for dentists who employ sedation in their medical practices.

The premature loss of the mandibular primary canine is relatively frequent and a sign of the upcoming spaceproblems in the transitional period. This situation is caused by the permanent lateral incisor resorbing the rootof the primary canine during its eruption. Bilateral loss of primary canines in a crowded arch leads to the lingual tipping of the permanent incisors, withthe consequent reduction in the arch perimeter and increase in overbite. When the loss of a primary canine isunilateral, tipping of the adjacent incisors occurs toward the space, resulting in midline deviation. In thesesituations, treatment possibilities, such as extraction of the antimeric tooth or placement of a passive lingualarch, can be applied; although there are some controversies concerning this. Most space problems with less than 4 mm can be resolved through preservation of the leeway space usingsequential disking of the primary teeth and a passive lingual arch, regaining space or limited arch expansion inthe late mixed dentition. In cases with 4~6 mm of space problems, arch expansion (A-P or transverse) can beapplied. Space problems with more than 6 mm should be treated through diagnosis and treatment planning. Most of these cases will require extraction of permanent teeth including serial extraction (guidance of eruption).

Due to the rapid advancements in detection technologies, saliva has the potential to become a first-linediagnostic sample of choice in the fields of medicine and dentistry. Saliva has many useful advantages to serum. Simple, non-invasive and cost-effective approaches can be made possible for the screening of large populations. There is minimal risk of infections during sample collection and saliva can be used in clinically challengingsituations, such as obtaining samples from children, or disabled or anxious patients. This review examines thediagnostic application of saliva and provides a summary of recent research advancement.