KJC Korea
Journal Central

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Hyulboochucke- tang on the collagenase induced intracerebral hemorrhage in white rats.MethodsTo identify the effect of the Hyulboochucke-tang on intracerebral hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage was induced in the right caudate nuclei of white rats. For normal group (n=12) and comparative group (n=12), saline was dosed, and vaccum evaporated Hyulboochucke-tang extract was dosed to treatment group (n=12), 3 and 10 days after the collagenase injection, the body weight, the brain weight, the size of hematoma, the size of the area of malacia, the number of apoptotic cell and the change in pathological histology were observed.Results3 days after the injection, the brain weight(g) was considerably decreased in treatment group (n=12) compared to comparative group (n=12). The brain weight after 10 days of the injection was also considerably decreased in treatment group (n=6) against comparative group (n=6). The cross section(mm) of cerebral malacia after 10 days of the in-jection was considerably decreased in treatment group (n=6) compared to comparative group (n=6). The number of apoptotic cell in normal intracerebral around the area of mala-cia did not show considerable change between treatment group and comparative group. 12 days after the injection, the multiplication of gitter cells, astrocyte and newly formed ca-pillaries around the area of malacia was distinct.ConclusionsOn the basis of these results, We sugggest that Hyulboochucke-tang con-trols swelling caused by hemorrhage and contributes to absorption of hematoma by multi-plication of newly formed capillaries and recovery of damaged cerebral tissue by multi-plication of gitter cells and astrocyte. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):1-11)

ObjectivesIn this study, it was investigated whether Gami-Handayeolso-Tang (HDYST) medication has anti-obesity effects in high fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice.MethodsThe experimental animals were divided into five groups—normal diet-fed (ND), high fat diet-fed control (HFD), HFD＋HDYST 150, HFD＋HDYST 300, and HFD＋orlistat as a positive drug. The obese markers such as body weight, diet efficiency ratio, serum lev-els of total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipid contents, leptin, adiponectin, and GOT/GPT were measured. Also, white adipose tissue, liver weight, abdominal fat mass, hepatic lipid con-tents, and mRNA expression of obese-associating genes were examined in obese mice.ResultsIn high fat diet-fed mice, HDYST administration significantly decreased body weight, diet efficiency ratio, serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, as well as leptin and GOT/GPT, compared to the HFD group in a dose-dependent manner. HDYST increased significantly the serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin. It also reduced the accumulation of lipids, such as total lipid and triglycerides, in organs such as liver and abdominal adipose tissue. Moreover, HDYST administration significantly de-creased the expression levels of fatty acid synthetic genes, such as sterol regulatory ele-ment-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), FAS and Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD-1), in the liver tissues, while it increased the messenger RAN (mRNA) levels of fatty acid catalytic genes, such as Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), acyl-COA oxidase (ACO), and Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a (CPT-1a).ConclusionsBased on the results above, HDYST reveals anti-obesity effects declining body fat accumulation through the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and lep-tin/adiponectin serum levels. It therefore suggests that HDYST can be clinically useful for the treatment of obesity. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):13-31)

ObjectivesDespite the increasing use of Ja-ha-guh (Hominis-placenta) pharmacopunc-ture in rehabilitative medicine field, its standard compound has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to provide standardization for future studies and increase sat-isfaction of patients by utilizing standard pharmacopuncture.MethodsAlanine and leucine were selected as potential standard compounds. LC/MS was used to devise an analytic method. This analytic method was subject to validation. According to validation guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration, the specificity, lin-earity, precision, range, quantitative limits, detection limits and accuracy were measured. With this analysis, 3 lots of Ja-ha-guh pharmacopuncture were analyzed.ResultsBecause the specificity, linearity, precision, range, quantitative limits, detection limits and accuracy meet criteria of the guideline, the analytic method was validated. It was found that Ja-ha-guh pharmacopuncture contained 211.02±7.28 ug/ml of alanine and 372.03±7.58 ug/ml of leucine.ConclusionsBoth alanine and leucine appear to be suitable standard compounds. These results are likely to contribute to further standardization of Ja-ha-guh for medical use. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):33-40)

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to investigate the trends of Korean medicine treatments of spondylolisthesis.MethodsWe investigated the studies on Korean medicine treatments for spondylolis-thesis via searching 4 Korean web databases (OASIS, KTKP, RISS, DBpia). We used “Spondylolisthesis”, “Lumbar spondylolisthesis” as keyword. Limitations were as follows; Domestic studies, mentioning the treatments of spondylolisthesis in Korean medicine. This study researched and classified the papers according to type of study, published year, titles of journals, published institution, the number of cases, and types of treatments.Results14 research papers were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, published institution, the types of study, the number of cases, and the types of treatments. 14 papers were published since 2000. The studies on Korean medi-cine treatments about spondylolisthesis were mainly published in the journal of Korean acu-puncture & moxibustion medicine. 7 case reports, 6 case series, 1 RCT had been under research. In 14 cases of the studies, various Korean medicine treatments were used to treat the symptoms. Numeric rating scale (NRS) was used as primary assessments.ConclusionsIn this study, we analyzed the trends of Korean medicine treatments of spondylolisthesis. Reviewing the domestic trends of studies on Korean medicine treat-ments of spondylolisthesis and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the further studies. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):41-47)

ObjectivesTo analyze the latest trend through the domestic studies of obesity and sup-port further studies and clinical trials.MethodsThe theses were searched through KIOM OASIS (http://oasis.kiom.re.kr), The Journal of Society of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research, The Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation. Then, domestic studies were gathered and classified by year, jour-nal and type.Results92 theses were included. The theses were constantly published every year. According to the analyzing by journals, the most published journal was The Journal of Society of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research. Through the analysis of type, 19 clinical studies and 11 case reports were found. The result of 43 theses analyzing survey and ex-amination numerical value, the study of relationship between obesity and body index is the most published. Among 19 literary studies, 11 studies were searched domestic thesis, 2 studies were searched foreign thesis, 5 studies were searched domestic and foreign thesis simultaneously. ConclusionsWe need to effort to supplement the statistical error and the topic needs to be diverse. The sustainable research of The human body-oriented obesity studies is required. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):49-61)

ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to interpretate Yangsaeng-Doinbub presented in [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhrobyungjehu] in a modern kinesiologic approach.MethodsBased on the interpretation of [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhrobyungjehu] and im-plementation of its kinesiology, this study presents similar kinesiologies and their purposed, with the reference to various documents on modern kinesiology.Results1) Exercises in Yangsaeng-Doinbub presented in [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhro-byungjehu], which are similar to resistance exercise, can be used for isometric exercise of knee joint extensor and cervical extensor. 2) Exercises in Yangsaeng-Doinbub presented in [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhrobyungjehu], which are similar to stretching exercise, has its purpose to stretch semitendinosus m., semimembranous m., gastrocnemius m., quad-riceps femoris m., upper trapezius m., levator scapulae m., serratus m., and splenius cap-itis m. 3) Exercises in Yangsaeng-Doinbub presented in [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhrobyung-jehu], which are similar to active exercise, can be used for strengthen quadriceps femoris m.. 4) Yangsaeng-Doinibub also describes breathing methods, which help normalization of breathing exercised and increase the efficiency of spine and joint exercises.ConclusionsThe modern interpretation on kinesiology of Yangsaeng-Doinbub presen-ted in [JebyungwonhuronㆍHuhrobyungjehu] leads to a conclusion that Yangsaeng-Doin-bub consists of various exercises for knee joint, neck and upper extremity. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):63-77)

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of MSAT (Motion style acupuncture treatment) using Sandbag regarding low back pain with HIVD of L-SPINE.MethodsForty patients received inpatient treatment from March 16 to May 16, 2015 in the Daejon-Jaseng oriental medicine hospital were divided into 2 groups by blocked random-ization: Group A (n=20) is routine treatment on HIVD of L-SPINE with MSAT using Sandbag and Group B (n=20) is routine treatment on HIVD of L-SPINE (acupuncture, Shinbaro pharma-copuncture, herb medication, chuna treatment and physiotherapy). The MSAT (Motion style acupuncture treatment) using Sandbag was administered each day and both groups were re-ceived routine treatment each day. Evaluations were made before treatment, after 3 days and 7 days, and before discharge using the NRS (numeric rating scale) and ODI (oswestry dis-ability index). The statistically significance was evaluated by SPSS 22.0 for windows.ResultsThe NRS (numeric rating scale) and ODI (oswestry disability index) of both A and B groups after 3, 7 days and before discharge of treatment significantly decreased (p＜0.05). Regarding group comparison, the NRS (numeric rating scale) and ODI (oswestry disability index) of A group was significantly lower than the B group at 3, 7 days, before dis-charge (p＜0.05). Regarding improvement of the NRS (numeric rating scale) and ODI (oswestry disability index), A group was significantly lower than the B group at 3 day (NRS), 7 day (ODI) (p＜0.05). There was significant difference between two groups at 7 days (NRS) and before discharge (p＜0.05).ConclusionsCompared to routine treatment, the MSAT (Mostion style acuputure treat-ment) using Sandbag significantly improved the NRS (numeric rating scale) and ODI (oswestry disability index) after 3, 7 days, and before discharge. Because early intervention determines the grade of Low back pain with HIVD of L-SPINE, the MSAT (Motion style acu-puncture treatment) using Sandbag will be clinically helpful to patients at the early stage. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):79-86)

ObjectivesTo analyze the resorption of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc on MRI in patients who were treated with Korean Medicine.Methods78 patients with lumbar disc herniation were included, 47 males and 32 females. Patients` diagnosis was based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All of the patients were only treated with Korean Medicine for 6 months treatment, and underwent MRI examination twice, pre-treatment and post-treatment. MR images were assessed by reduction in diameter of T2-weighted image between pre-treatment and post-treatment, and analyzed by differences in sex, age and disc type.Results91.2% (71 people) of total patients had extrusion type. Korean medicine treat-ment reduced lumbar disc herniation diameter of all the patients from 7.11 mm to 3.67 mm on average (p＜0.001). The reduction of diameter in the male group was 3.52 mm on average. The reduction of diameter in the female group was 3.32 mm on average. The re-duction of diameter was 3.28 mm in the group below age 29, 3.88 mm in the 30∼39 age group, 3.39 mm in the 40∼49 age group, and 2.71 mm in the above 50 age group on average.ConclusionsThe MRI results suggest that lumbar herniated disc can resorb with Korean Medicine treatment. The likelihood of lumbar disc resorption was higher at extrusion type. but there was not a significant difference between the sexes and between ages. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):87-93)

ObjectivesTo investigate correlation between slip percentage (SP) of spondylolisthesis and cross-sectional area (CSA) of lumbar paraspinal muscles; psoas major (PM), multifidus (MU) and erector spinae (ES).MethodsA retrospective study was carried out in 120 spondylolisthesis patients who had visited the Spine center of Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong and had taken lumbar MRI. CSA of lumbar paraspinal muscles was measured from axial T2-weighted MRI and divided by CSA of vertebral body to avoid weight’s influence. SP was also measured from sagittal MRI.ResultsSP increase has significant correlation with decreased CSA-MU (r=0.37, p＜0.01) and increased CSA-ES (r=0.19, p＜0.05). There was no significant correlation be-tween SP and CSA-PM.ConclusionsMU atrophy and ES hypertrophy have significant correlation with SP of spondylolisthesis. CSA of lumbar paraspinal muscles can be a risk factor of progression of spondylolisthesis and compensation for the instability. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):95-102)

ObjectivesThe waist circumference has been known as an obesity index reflecting the visceral fat. This study was conducted to investigate the obesity index of what can be pre-dicted visceral fat obesity.Methods121 test subjects who have BMI≥30 or BMI 27∼29.9 with having more than one high blood pressure, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were gathered in the Gachon University Korean medical hospital. The relationship between obesity index, the abdominal fat area, and the metabolic syndrome component analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The obesity indices, that are largely used in clinics such as waist circumference (WC), HC (hip circumference), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR). Total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous area (SFA) and visceral fat/subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) that was measured from CT. Results1. Total fat area (TFA) was positively correlated WC, BMI, HC. 2. The subcutaneous fat area (SFA) was positively correlated HC, WC, BMI. 3. The visceral fat area (VFA) did not show a strong correlation with obesity indicators.ConclusionsIt was found indices of obesity and visceral fat area is a high correlation. BMI, WC was the obesity index showed a high correlation as the SFA, TFA. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):103-111)