Abstract
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This study aims to explore the factors which have an effect on participating in lifelong learning activities and analyzes how those factors affect the participation. In particular, the recognition of education and skills mismatch respectively are heeded to as a controlling mechanism for participation. At first, this study reviews factors which are revealed as statistically significant in preceding researches, using the data of PIAAC 2013. Second, the recognition of the levels of education and skills are examined as new determinants regarding lifelong learning participation. Third, we analyzed by separating the types of educational purpose(vocational or non-vocational) and also the education form(formal or nonformal), since the type and characters of learning could influence the determinants of participation.
The results indicate that levels of education and key competencies are statistically significant in lifelong learning participation regardless of the education types. However, age, gender, income, type of occupation and employment status showed different results according to education types such as educational purpose or education form. This shows that it is necessary for determinants of learning to be analyzed by dividing the factors according to each type.
Also, the results show that the recognition between the levels of education and skills mismatch are significant in vocational than non-vocational, and nonformal education rather than formal. Yet, the recognition of mismatch regarding levels of education and skills respectively operate in different mechanisms. The result shows that each of the recognition of mismatch are signifiant as new determinants. Not only should the new determinants be analyzed to better understand lifelong learning, but they should be also considered in the practices of lifelong education.