KJC Korea
Journal Central

Issues and its policy tasks on the introduction of long-term care system Kim, Jin Soo*․Park, Eun Young**․Ahn, Su Ran*** The government is driving an introduction of long-term care system in the form of social insurance in 2008 by stages. Long-term care system has been required with regard to the demographic change, caused by rapidly ageing population and low fertility and social changes such as the trend toward the nuclear family, increasing in women's social participation and burden on supporting family. From now on, it seems to be urgent the introduction of long-term care system because policy actions are required as the social demand on the care is more and more increasing. Issues and its policy tasks which are pointed out at the stage of debate on long-term care system should be discussed at large. However, such a trial has not be actively accomplished yet. In this sense, this paper analyzes general problems and tasks, which are necessary for the introduction of long-term care system. First of all, in systematic aspects, we analyze theoretical approaches and fundamental features of system. Additionally, we point out the limitations and tasks of establishing relationship between coverage and beneficiaries, and franchise system in institutional aspects. In regard of facilities and personnel infra-structure, which would be basic factors on the introduction of system, we point out their problems by now and press to make an effort to solve them. Finally, we suggest to harmonize policies through cooperation between the central- and local governments to introduce the long term care rationally, settle it stably and attain the sustainability of the system.

A Study on the Alternative Plan of Problematic Situations in Korean Public Education System Kim, Yong Ill* This article aims to examine the problems of public education system and propose an alternative plan of it in Korea. For this purpose, the author adopts the system approach. First of all, Korean public education system is characterized by low public investment and high private expenditure. Second, the process of it is distinguished from other OECD countries' especially in that the very poor educational conditions. And the educational interactions between teachers and students are also very limited. Third, the distinctive feature of the output are summarized as follows: high test scores in some major subjects, the loss of civic and human education. In addition to these problematic situations, there have been two fatal obstacles for normalizing the public education in Korea. One is the 'Hakbulism'(a kind of drastic credentialism or diplomaism), the other is a vicious circle of excessive competition which have been aggravated by market-oriented education reform. Therefore in this article the author propose “world class knowledge education and civic education”, which will come true the inclusive and sustainable society.

New Direction of the Employment Service Delivery System for the Disadvantaged Class Kim, Wha Soon* This study’s objective is to present a new direction of the employment service policy that is friendly towards the disadvantaged class. The researcher selectively sampled 10 participants from the three groups classified based on the poverty line: NBLSS (National Basic Livelihood Security System) recipient poor group, near poor group, and non-poor but disadvantaged in employment group. Through interview method, information on career, job search activities, and employment service utilization condition after the foreign exchange crisis was collected. As a result, the following were recognized: participants continuously experienced compulsory change of jobs even after the foreign exchange crisis, an individual possesses multiple disadvantages, poor household and employment disadvantages are mutually reinforcing, and the disadvantaged class is situated within unofficial labor market. Job search activity patterns and public employment service utilization condition of the disadvantaged class were also identified. In addition, the study discovered that the public employment safety net had not functioned effectively for any of the three groups, and that the job search activities of the disadvantaged class were largely dependent on unreliable local newsletters. This means that the official labor market focused public employment safety net is not able to deliver adequate employment service to those situated within unofficial labor market. In conclusion, new employment service delivery system governance run by the association of people, government and local authorities was proposed for each of the groups.

Housing policy of Participatory Government for low-income family Park, Shin Young* In this paper we examine housing problems recognized by participatory government and evaluates housing policy for low-income family. In 2003 when participatory government was inaugurated, housing supply ratio exceeded 100 percent. But, low-income family who did not own house suffered from rapid increase of rent. To solve this problem the Participatory government introduced public rental multi-household housing by purchasing and established 500,000 national rental housing supply plan for 5 years, and legislated national minimum housing standard into law. For 4 years from 2003 to 2006, 10,971 public rental multi-household housing by purchasing and 474,991 national rental housing have been supplied for low-income family. The residents of public rental housing are satisfied with their housing and rent. However, there is still problem that the lowest-income family cannot afford to pay rent because the rent of national rental housing is determined by construction cost excluded government subsidy. In the case of national minimum housing standard, government did not act positively to lessen the number of low-income family lives under national minimum housing standard. Nevertheless, the number of household under national minimum housing standard decreased by supplying new modern type of housing and by redeveloping deteriorated housing. It could be said that Participatory government put special emphasis on housing policy for low-income family, compared with ex-governments of Korea.

International comparative analysis on ensuring pension right for women Kwon, Moon Il* Recently, It was widely recognized that public pension schemes, based on the traditional family model of sex-division role, didn't represent changing socio-economic environments such as increasing female labour participation, high force divorce rate, diverse household arrangements, attitude to family. In this context, social endeavors to reform or to reorganize structural elements and detailed rules of existing public pension schemes has been done actively since the middle 1970s and international organizations such as UN and EU have taken the lead Ensuring pension right for women appeared as one of pending tasks in our National Pension Scheme already. Therefore, the results of comparative Analysis on the experience of advanced countries that have long history of public pension would give us significant implications that can be drawn to enlarge women's pension right whether it may take the form of individual right or derived right, and to minimize trial-errors that we may confront in its expanding process.

Comparative Study on Welfare-state Formation of Western Countries ― Focused on Democratization and Market Economy Development Process ― Song, Tae Soo* In compliance with the democratization process the ‘liberalistic’ capitalism was reformed, and this reformed 'organized capitalism' developed to diverse 'organized capitalisms' in the age of globalization. The deregulation process of 'organized capitalism' on earth is diversified in continent-european model of neo-cooperative 'organized capitalism' on one side and in anglo-saxon model of liberalistic 'organized capitalism' on the other side. This article finds out historical grounds for 'varieties of capitalism' from the diversities of tensive and often discordant relationships between the democratization process and the development of market economy. The democratization process and the development process of capitalistic market economy advanced parallel and complementary, but often with restrictive and diversionary relationships. This article tries to explore the contents of diverse relationships between the market economy development process, French Great Revolution, and the project of Enlightenment Movement. Based on the viewpoint that democracy can not be classed with liberalism, it compares the diverse routes of welfare-state development process in Europe, namely the French or continent-european model different from anglo-saxon model. The latter is fractionated again : The route of Great Britain and the United States respectively have diverse characteristics driven from the different processes of incarnating 'freedom' as social value. In this article is explored that the very diverse incarnation processes of freedom in G.B. and USA resulted from different routes of reforming process of reproduction regime, esp. political ideological backgrounds of welfare state formation and democratization process.