What kind of support can sick workers get from their employers?: A study on social protections for sickness in US, Switzerland and Israel

김수진; Ki-tae Kim

doi:10.17000/kspr.26.1.201903.3

Korea is one of four nations without public paid sick leave among the OECD membership. The rest three are the US, Switzerland and Israel. This study compares and analyses how these three states manage the social risks faced by workers who suffer from non-job-related diseases or injuries, aiming at finding policy implications for Korea, which has lack related policies for sick workers. This study examines the two distinct approaches among OECD member states of public paid sick leave (implemented by most of OECD member states) and private sick leave (observed in the US, Switzerland, and Israel). This study in particular focuses on the latter three nations to compare and analyses how they protect sick workers not by public paid sick leave but by state regulation imposed on employers. This study finds that the three nations relieve the social risks undergone by sick workers in indirect ways of enforcing regulations on employers. Switzerland and Israel impose regulations via civil and labour laws respectively, by which employers are obliged to provide paid sick leaves to their sick workers. For example, Swiss workers can get three weeks of paid sick leave during their first year of contract, while Isreaeli workers are eligible for additional 1.5 days of paid sick leave for every one-month workplace experience. The US federal government rules that employers with more than 49 workers should not dismiss their sick workers without regulated conditions. The three nations, albeit without the state-financed paid sick leave, have managed to control the social risks of individual sick workers by implementing regulations on employers. The indirect approach by the three relatively market-oriented states have the two following implications for Korea. First, the right to sick leave for sick workers needs to legislated urgently. Second, the state, as the only OECD state without social protection for sick workers, needs to legislate a regulation for the paid sick leave program sooner than later.

Citation status

KCI Citation Counts (3)
열림/닫힘 버튼
REFERENCES (73)
열림/닫힘 버튼
* 2021년 이후 발행 논문의 참고문헌은 현재 구축 중입니다.

[book] Alesina, A. / 2006 / Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe : A World of Difference / Oxford University Press

[journal] Autor, D. H. / 2003 / The rise in the disability rolls and the decline in unemployment / The Quarterly Journal of Economics 118(1) : 157~206

[book] Barham, C. / 2002 / Trends and sources of data on sickness absence / Office of National Statistics

[report] Botano, L. / 2004 / Work absence in Europe / IMF

[journal] Castles, F. G. / 2008 / Worlds, families, regimes: country clusters in European and OECD area public policy / West European Politics 31(1-2) : 321~344

[journal] Cohen, Y. / 2003 / Unpacking union density: Membership and coverage in the transformation of the Israeli IR system / Industrial Relations 42(4) : 692~711

[web] Confederazione Svizzera / 2018 / 스위스 연방 정부 유급병가 관련 안내 페이지 / www.ch.ch/en/inabilitywork-due-illness-pregnancy/

[report] Duell, N. / 2010 / Activation Policies in Switzerland / OECD

[book] Economist Intelligence Unit / 2014 / Out of office : An overview of workplace absenteeism in Europe / The Economist

[book] Esping-Andersen, G. / 1990 / The three worlds of welfare capitalism / Princeton University Press

[journal] Ferragina, E. / 2013 / Unemployment protection and family policy at the turn of the 21st century: A dynamic approach to welfare regime theory / Social Policy & Administration 47(7) : 783~805

[journal] Gal, J. / 2010 / Is there an extended family of Mediterranean welfare states? / Journal of European Social Policy 20(4) : 283~300

[journal] Gal, J. / 2009 / Labor welfare in Israel / Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health 24(1-2) : 185~204

[journal] Gal, J. / 2002 / Critical junctures, labor movements and the development of occupational welfare in Israel / Social Problems 49(3) : 432~454

[report] Gault, B. / 2014 / Paid Parental Leave in the United States: What the Data Tell about Access, Usage, and Economic and Health Benefits / Institute for Women’s Policy Research

[book] Gersbach, C. / 2014 / Swiss Employment Law / CMS Law

[report] Heymann, J. / 2009 / Contagion Nation: A Comparison of Paid Sick Day Policies in 22 Countries / Center for Economic and Policy Research

[book] Heymann, J. / 2013 / Children’s Chances : How Countries Can Move from Surviving to Thriving / Harvard University Press

[web] ILO / 1952 / Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention / http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312247

[web] ILO / 1969 / C130 - Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention / http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C130

[web] ILO / 2018 / Ratifications of C102 - Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention / http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:11300:0::NO::P11300_INSTRUMENT_ID:312247

[web] Israel Ministry of Justice / 2014 / The Sick Pay Law / https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/074_001.htm

[web] Israel Ministry of Health / 2017 / Medical Administration Circular No. 24/2017 regarding the issue of sick / https://www.kolzchut.org.il/he/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%AA_%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%94

[journal] Kim, K. -t. / 2015 / From worlds to cases: case selection and “other worlds” in the welfare modelling business / Social Policy and Society 14(2) : 309~321

[book] Lex Mundi / 2016 / International Guide on Health Industry Laws / Lex Mundi

[journal] Obinger, H. / 1998 / Federalism, Direct Democracy, and Welfare State Development in Switzerland / Journal of Public Policy 18(3) : 241~263

[book] OECD / 2004 / Babies and Bosses : Reconciling Work and Family Life – Volum 3 : New Zealand, Portugal, and Switzerland / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2006 / Sickness, Disability and Work(Vol. 1) : Norway, Poland and Switzerland / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2010 / Sickness, Disability and Work : Breaking the Barriers / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2010 / OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies : Israel / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2012 / Human Resources Management Country Profiles : Israel / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2014 / Mental Health and Work: Switzerland, Mental Health and Work / OECD Publishing

[book] OECD / 2016 / Social spending stays at historically high levels in many OECD countries(Social Expenditure Update 2016) / OECD Publishing

[web] OECD / 2017 / Public expenditure on disabiity and sickness cash benefits in % GDP / http://stats.oecd.org

[book] OECD / 2018 / Towards Better Social and Employment Security in Korea-en-OECD(Connecting People with Jobs) / OECD Publishing

[journal] Osterkamp, R. / 2007 / Being on sick leave: possible explanations for differences of sick-leave days across countries / CESifo Economic Studies 53(1) : 97~114

[journal] Poggensee, G. / 2010 / The first wave of pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 in Germany: From initiation to acceleration / BMC Infectious Diseases 10 : 155~

[journal] Powell, M. / 2004 / Welfare regimes and the welfare mix / European Journal of Political Research 43(1) : 83~105

[book] Ragin, C. / 1994 / The Comparative Political Economy of the Welfare State / Cambridge University Press : 320~345

[book] Raub / 2018 / Paid Leave for Personal Illness: A detailed look at approaches Across OECD countries / World Policy Analysis Center

[book] Rho, H. J. / 2009 / A Review of Sickness-related Leave in 22 High Human Development Index Countries / Center for Economic and Policy Research

[journal] Rosenheck, Z. / 1998 / Policy paradigms and the dynamics of the welfare state: the Israeli welfare state and the Zionist colonial project / International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 18(2~4) : 157~202

[report] Scheil-adlung, X. / 2010 / Paid sick leave: Incidence, patterns and expenditure in times of crises / ILO

[journal] Schröder, M. / 2008 / Integrating welfare and production typologies: how refinements of the varieties of capitalism approach call for a combination of welfare typologies / Journal of Social Policy 38(01) : 19~43

[journal] Sjöberg, O. / 2017 / Postive welfare state dynamics?: sickness benefits and sickness absence in Europe 1997-2011 / Social Science & Medicine 177 : 158~168

[journal] Söderberg, E. / 2008 / Entitlement to sickness benefits in Sweden: the social insurance officiers experiences / Environmental Health Insight : 13~23

[report] Spasova S. / 2016 / Sick pay and sickness benefit schemes in the European Union, Background report for the Social Protection Committee’s In-depth Review on sickness benefits (17 October 2016) / European Social Policy Network (ESPN), Brussels, European Commission

[report] Spasova, S. / 2017 / Access to social protection for people working on non-standard contracts and as self-employed in Europe - A study of national policies / European Commission

[report] Swiss Confederation / 2007 / Payment of wages for a limited period / Bern: Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA)

[report] Tarshish, N. / 2017 / Israel as a Welfare State: A Visual Essay / TAUB center for Social Policy Studies in Israel

[web] UN Human rights / 2018 / Human rights dimension of poverty / https://www.ohchr.org/en/issues/poverty/dimensionofpoverty/pages/index.aspx

[web] UK Government / 2018 / UK Government homepage / www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay

[web] US Department of Labor / 2012 / FACT SHEET #28A: Employee Protections under the Family and Medical Leave Act / https://www.dol.gov/whd/fmla/fact_sheets28a.pdf

[web] US Department of Labor / 2013 / FACT SHEET #28F: Employee Notice Requirements under the Family and Medical Leave Act / https://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs28e.pdf

[other] 고용노동부 / 2016 / 표준취업규칙 / 고용노동부

[web] 고용노동부 / 2018 / 고용보험 서비스 안내 홈페이지 / www.ei.go.kr/ei/eih/eg/pb/pbPersonBnef/retrevePb0301Info.do

[confproc] 국회입법조사처 / 2017 / 주요국의 상병수당 제도 도입 논의의 쟁점 / 국회 간담회 자료

[journal] 김근주 / 2014 / The legislative Improvement of Annual Leave / 노동법학 / 한국노동법학회 (50) : 1~35

[journal] 김기태 / 2018 / Comparative Analysis of Sickness Benefits Abroad and Proposal for Its Introduction in Korea / 사회복지정책 / 한국사회복지정책학회 45(1) : 148~179 / 10.15855/swp.2018.45.1.148

[report] 김연명 / 2004 / 경제･사회･문화적 권리 국가인권정책 기본계획수립을 위한 사회보장 기초 현황 조사 / 국가인권위원회

[journal] 김종수 / 2016 / 상병급여제도에 관한 소고 / 사회보장법연구 5(1) : 1~29

[journal] 신기철 / 2010 / The Role of the Private Health Insurance in Korea / 사회보장연구 / 한국사회보장학회 26(1) : 121~146

[journal] 신기철 / 2011 / Policy Measures for Consolidating Sickness Benefits / 사회보장연구 / 한국사회보장학회 27(1) : 133~156

[journal] 윤석명 / 2001 / 사회보장제도에 대한 ILO의 입장과 정책적 시사점: 노후소득보장체계를 중심으로 / 노동정책연구 1(1) : 131~147

[journal] 이상록 / 2017 / Health Status Difference between Permanent Workers & Temporary Workers and Job Satisfaction - focused on the mediating effects of job satisfaction factors - / 한국자치행정학보 / 한국자치행정학회 31(1) : 141~165 / 10.18398/kjlgas.2017.31.1.141

[journal] 이승윤 / 2017 / Path to Poverty of Sick Workers and Fictional Korean Social Security / 한국사회정책 / 한국사회정책학회 24(4) : 113~150 / 10.17000/kspr.24.4.201712.113

[book] 이승윤 / 2017 / 한국의 불안정 노동자 / 후마니타스

[confproc] 임준 / 2017 / 우리나라 건강보험 상병수당 도입에 관한 검토 / 제 6회 ‘환자포럼’ 발표문 / 양승조 국회 보건복지위원장과 한국환자단체연합회

[journal] 정진우 / 2009 / A Comparative Study on the Income Security System of the Sick or Injured Workers / 노동정책연구 / 한국노동연구원 9(4) : 225~259

[confproc] 조원탁 / 1995 / 한국 의료보험의 상병수당제도 도입에 관한 연구 / 한국사회복지학회 학술대회자료집 : 99~116

[journal] 최인덕 / 2007 / Introduction of Sickness Benefit Program in Health Insurance / 사회보장연구 / 한국사회보장학회 23(2) : 221~247

[report] 최인덕 / 2005 / 주요국의 상병수당 제도 운영 현황 및 제도 도입의 타당성 검토 / 국민건강보험공단

[journal] 한국은행 / 2017 / 우리 경제의 역동성 점검 / 조사통계월보 : 16~56

KJC Korea
Journal Central

Statistics

Tools

Sharing

Issue List

Citation status