KJC Korea
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This thesis examines the meaning of affection and self-expression in the 19th century gasa 〈cheonglyonggainhanchangga〉. The lower-class female narrator recites love and parting in the biography of her life. She had a bad time and threw herself by the brothel, and met a suitable partner, but broke up. Therefore, she wants love to be fulfilled through her reunion with im, and she actively pursues courtship. The method of composing it is the intersection of emotional expression and rational persuasion in the biography. At this time, the meeting with im, who found the entertainment space in Cheongju, seems close to a ‘mistake’ from a social point of view, and the need for love to be achieved through reunion does not seem to be great. Accordingly, the narrator tries to convince im of the necessity of love by emphasizing the purity of her emotions and the ferocity. For this purpose, emotions are arranged by appropriately adjusting the strength and weakness of emotions. In addition, the narrator calls the need for love with im in the ethical names of ‘agreement’ and ‘clearance’. These ‘congruence’ and ‘righteousness’ are used to build an opposing image of the otherness implied by Noryujanghwa. They say that they should be respectful of mutual agreement based on their own will and knowing themselves. Im is a person who agrees with her heart, and this choice is ultimately subjective in that it is based on her emotions and judgment. By insisting on the purity of feelings that material aspects are not important, the powerful Im also asks to take him away using his financial power. The 19th century gasa 〈cheonglyonggainhanchangga〉 is meaningful in that a woman, who had previously been an object, becomes the subject and sings of love in her life. It is also characteristic that, as a woman on the margins, she wanted to fulfill her realistic desires through active courtship rather than passive self-defense.

This work explores the characteristics and establishes the historical significance of James Scarth Gale(1863-1937)’s unpublished English translations of Korean classical Sijo(時調). In the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library belonging to the University of Toronto, Canada lies unpublished translations of Korean classics; part of this collection is a typed unpublished book called Pen-Pictures of Old Korea(『朝鮮筆景』) and a manuscript called The Diary(『日誌』) which contains English translations of Korean classical Sijo. During Gale’s 40 year stay in Korea, he devoted 30 of those years to translating Sijo. Previous research shows Gale’s translations differ in demeanor and purpose by publication period. Specifically, the first series of translations, those published in The Korean Repository between 1895 to 1898, was translated with the English audience in mind. On the other hand, the second series of translations, those published in The Korea Bookman in 1922, strives to highlight the literary qualities of the source. The last series of translations, published between 1924 and 1927 in The Korean Mission Field, amalgamate qualities of the previous two in attempt to please a broader audience. The Pen-Pictures of Old Korea, which was set to be published in 1912 but remains unpublished, shows similar qualities to that of Gale’s first series of translations. Although the first series of translations encompasses a large and diverse array of media, judging by time and its attributes, The Pen-Pictures of Old Korea can effectively be categorized into his first series of translations. Assuming such, we arrive at the notion that Gale translated as a service to Western literature until the early 1910s. Regarding The Diary(『日誌』), previous research has unveiled its publication period as similar to that of The Korea Bookman, the second series of translations. The two works are similar in its originalist motivations, but there also exist points of distinctions. Considering these qualities, we can assume that The Korea Bookman was written prior to The Diary, and The Diary was written to supplement and expand the subject The Korea Bookman was based off of. Through the discovery of The Diary, as Gale emphasized in The Korea Bookman, we arrive at the conclusion that Gale paid respects to the Korean traditional culture and continuously attempted to publicize such to the Western society.

In this study, the perception and meaning of Nohgu, who appears as a helper in the relationship of the main character, was analyzed using the folktale “A short-lived man gets a wife and lives well” and “an ousted daughter-in-law and a charcoal-grilling bachelor” as texts. In the tale Nohgu arranges an undesirable relationship between men and women to help the main character overcome his fate. Nohgu in the tale “A short-lived man gets a wife and lives well” is in a position to arrange a meeting with the daughter of the Jeongseung family so that the protagonist in danger of short-lived life can survive, and in the tale “an ousted daughter-in-law and a charcoal-grilling bachelor” is in a position to mediate the relationship between the expelled baekjeong daughter-in- law and a bachelor who sells charcoal. The hardships faced by the main characters in the narrative can be divided into the results of natural fate and social contradiction. When helping to overcome the former, Nohgu is recognized as a divine being, but when helping to overcome the latter, Nohgu is recognized as a realistic and reflective person. Those who carried out Nohgu-eop in the late Joseon Dynasty were severely punished by torture hitting shins and exile to the island. From the perspective of the ruling class, strong regulation would have been needed because the Nohgu-eop was ostensibly contrary to the ethics and threatened the hierarchical order of status. However, in the story, Nohgu is a neighbor without a means of living, and is a divine being related to the faith of Grandmother. The inappropriate relationship between men and women which she arranged, was considered an interest in a class deviation. On the other hand, for the socially disadvantaged storytellers, Nohgu is not subject to punishment, but it brings social and economic empathy, which can be seen through the relationship between Nohgu and the main character in the story. Nevertheless, it is difficult to escape the discourse of control over Nohgu, so the performance of Nohgu is reduced, and the Nohgu-eop is decorated as if it were a coincidence.

This paper examines the aspect and meaning of narrative interests of the whole tradition group and the tradition group according to gender by using text mining technique targeting each 26,542 oral narratives in the digital archive of 〈Korea Oral Literature Daegye〉. For this purpose, the nouns were extracted by analyzing the morphemes from the titles of 26,542 oral narratives using the Mecab class of the KoNLPy package, and then the high frequencies were extracted using the Counter class of the collection package. As a result, looking at the 30 nouns occupying the highest frequency, the oral folktale tradition group consists of ‘the story of the origin of the place name’, the tale of the ‘tiger’, the story of the ‘goblin’, the narrative showing the ‘relationship of family relationships’, ‘wealth, filial piety, fortune, it is confirmed that he mainly told stories about the values ​​pursued by humans’, such as famous places. The result of the most oral tales of ‘place name origin’ shows that the narrators perceive ‘story that is worth investigating’ as a place name origin story. The story of ‘Tiger’ brought laughter to the enjoyment class and revealed the value of ‘filial piety’. The story of ‘Goblin’ is a means to satisfy ‘story pleasure’ by conveying the fictional situation in the story as if it were a real event and arousing interest to the enjoyment class to feel ‘creep’ or to solve problems that are difficult to explain in reality. it became. Among the stories that show ‘family relations’, in particular, the story about ‘daughter-in-law’ was overwhelmingly told, which shows that the family relationship that causes the most conflict in reality is that surrounding the daughter-in-law. Nouns such as ‘son’, ‘myeong󰠀dang’, ‘filial piety’, ‘rich man’, ‘grave’, ‘blessed’, ‘filial piety’, etc. It shows that he cares about ‘filial piety’ above all other ideologies. The character’s earnest wish for this is shown to be realized through ‘Myeongdang’, and it can be interpreted in this context that many stories about ‘myongdang’ and ‘grave’ are handed down. Meanwhile, narrative interest according to gender was examined through 15,088 stories told by 2,916 male narrators and 7,467 stories narrated by 2,004 female narrators. Male narrators recounted many stories about the origin of the place name, and female narrators enjoyed telling stories that showed problems between families. This shows that the lives of female speakers are focused on ‘in the home’ with a ‘family’, which is different from male speakers who enjoy telling stories about ‘Park Moon-soo’, ‘Middle’, and ‘Jeong-seung’ and expand their area of ​​interest outside the house. will be.

This article aims to trace the changes in the focus of “oral literature” research in the flow of North Korean folklore and literature, and reviews Kim Kwang-jo’s 『Oral Literatures of Joseon』(2015) as a work that shows significant changes since the 2000s. North Korea’s research on oral literature seems to have not been in full swing in the 1950s and 1960s under the background that “Joseon folklore” field was established mainly from historical and archaeological perspectives. Since then, as the distinction between the areas of “Joseon folklore” and “Joseon literature” became clear, the discussion of oral literature was transferred from folklore to literature and was mainly dealt with at the literary level until the 2000s. However, since the 2000s, especially in the 2010s, the theoretical review of oral literature has not been revealed, but only popular publications that re-write the work are found, but there is a tendency to discuss oral literature such as tales and legends as research in the folkloric field. Among them, Kim Kwang-jo’s 『Oral Literatures of Joseon』 is a new proposal by Kim Kwang-jo, a folkloric researcher, to reconsider the perspective and area of research in oral literature, showing a new trend in oral literature. As Joseon literature, it suggests the need to study the history and works of folktales in an independent way, away from the boundaries of oral literature studies. This trend shows that research on oral literature in North Korea has been called throughout the era, projecting the premise and orientation of various academic fields. Through this, it will be necessary to comprehensively review the changes in the focus and target of the study between the 1950s-60s and the late 2000s.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the aspects of knowledge application of classical novel and its effect and meaning in 『The Red Sleeve』. 『The Red Sleeve』 is a representative work of cross-media story telling which is adapted for webtoon and drama after it is created as a novel. The story-telling in 『The Red Sleeve』 commonly uses a enjoyment formula of classical novel through Jeon-gi-soo(傳奇叟). It also actively uses joint transcription by court lady, reading aspects of classical novel and way of classical novel circulation through Se-chaek-jeom(貰冊店). It reveals introduction, assessment and awareness about classical novel as well. Three effects and meanings are revealed by using introduction, assessment and awareness about classical novel which are realized by the way of enjoyment, production and reading aspect and circulation method of classical novel. In terms of character composition, it reveals the effect of creating intellectual mentality and independent personality of heroin. It is common effects in novel, webtoon and drama. It reveals the effects of building and resolving tension and creating interest by making laughter in respect of framework of events. It is a effect which is created while being converted to drama and webtoon. In terms of appreciation from reader and viewer, it reveals the effect that makes the reader and viewer cultivate knowledge and refinement about classics and traditional culture. In order to help create successful contents like 『The Red Sleeve』 accurate and easily accessible material about classical novel should be provided. It can be a duty of classical novel researcher to provide relevant material about classical novel which is easily accessible to writer, contents creator and the public.