A Study on the Status of Exile Literature in Jeju during Joseon Dynasty

Jeong Si-Youl

This study aims to examine the status of Jeju exile literature in Chinese literature during Joseon Dynasty. And it is unquestionable that one of the keywords in Chinese literature during Joseon period is the spirit of Seonbi. If so, to approach to the exiles’ poetic literature through Saseo(四書), the basic scriptures of Confucianism and what integrates the ideas of Mencius is to examine the status of Jeju exile literature in Chinese literature during Joseon period and also explore the effects of Jeju exile literature on Chinese literature in Joseon indirectly. This article selected as its subject text the exile poems of Chungam Kim Jeong, Donggye JeongOn, and Bukheon Kim Chun Taek among up to 200 or so exiles considering their reputation and recognition in Jeju and the characteristics and artistry of poetic literature, etc. It could be coincidental but those whose exile period was in the 16th, 17th, and the 18th century were chosen evenly. Chapter 2 discusses this attitude of ‘Gunjagogung (君子固窮)’ with the Jeju exile Chinese poems of Chungam Km Jeong who has been revered as one of the Gimyomyeonghyeon (己卯名賢). Chungam is the figure who was put to death at the age of 36 spending mentally daunted and anxious days for severe hardships during his exile period in Jeju for one year and two months but still maintaining the attitude of ‘gogung (固窮)’ firmly. Chapter 3 discusses the Jeju exile Chinese poems of Donggye based on his spirit of ‘Sasaengchwiui (舍生取義)’. Donggye is the figure that confronted Daebuk School including his mentor Jeong In Hong leading the political situation then. He asked to execute Jeong Hang, the Ganghwa Busa, who killed Yeongchang Daegun by beheading and was imprisoned in a thorn fence in Jeju by Gwanghaegun in 1624 when he was 46 years old. After spending nine years of poverty and hardships, he was released from his exile for Injobanjeong in 1623 when he was at the age of 55. Chapter 4 examines the Jeju exile Chinese poems of Bukheon Kim Chun Taek based on his spirit of ‘Hwaibudong (和而不同)’. To Bukheon, Jeju was the place of love and hatred because he and his father went there for exile, that is, two generations in a row. That is why his poems written in his exile period show dual views to Jeju. Although the three had the common experience of exile in Jeju, their personal situations and positions affected their poems differently, which is the point this article focuses on. And based on the result of considering how the aspects of realizing Yugajigyo (儒家之敎) differ in figuring out the differences of their poetic characteristics, this study could extract from the three figures ‘Gunjagogung’, ‘Sasaengchwiui’, and ‘Hwaibudong’ each. Through that, this paper affirmed the status of Jeju exile literature in Joseon is Yugajigyo realized in the far distance of Goripmuwon (孤立無援).

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REFERENCES (16)
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