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Journal Central

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze qualitative research published in the Korean Journal ofOccupational Therapy. Methods: The researchers identified 16 qualitative studies among 692 papers in the Korean Journal of OccupationalTherapy from the first issue in 1993 until 2018. These studies were analyzed using COnsolidated criteria forREporting the Qualitative research(COREQ) developed by Tong et al(2007). Results: The first domain, “Research team and reflexivity”, properly maintained the notification items for researchpurposes, as well as the participants’ rights and the researchers’ duties, whereas the reported items of researcherexperience and training were insufficient. In the second domain, “study design”, phenomenology was the mostcommon research methodology, and most of the interview guidelines were presented in the paper, althoughinterview dropouts and interview environment reports were insufficient. Finally, in the third domain “Analysis andfindings”, the participants’ quotations and topic presentation items were generally well followed, but the participantchecking was not. Conclusion: This study showed that COREQ can provide a systematic reporting framework for qualitative researchand can be a useful guideline to improve the consistency of the research methods and the transparency of theresearch methods. Therefore, COREQ is expected to contribute to the improvement in quality of the qualitativeresearch conducted in occupational therapy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of client-centered leisure activities on thephysical function, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction of stroke patients. Methods: In this study, 30 stroke patients were randomly divided into 15 patients in the experimental group and 15in the control group. The research design was applied to the pretest-post-test control group design. Theintervention was conducted three times a week for 60 min during 9 weeks for a total of 24 sessions. For acomparison of before and after the intervention, the Berg Balance Scale(BBS) and Manual Function Test(MFT)were used for the physical functions, the Self-Efficacy Scale was used for self efficacy, and Life SatisfactionIndex-Z(LSI-Z) was used for life satisfaction. Results: Client-centered leisure activities improved the balance, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction of theexperimental group, and showed significant differences from the control group. Conclusion: The client-centered leisure activities program proposed in this study improved the quality of life ofstroke patients by providing them with opportunities to accept their complicated functional impediments andreestablish their physical functions, roles in society, and values. Hence, the program is recommended as anintervention strategy toward rehabilitation therapy for stroke patients.

Objective: This study developed Multi-purpose Blind Box and applied to stroke patients who suffered from sensoryfunction and visual perception to provide the role as a training tool. Methods: Thirty three stroke patients were participated as subjects. Multi-purpose blind box developed in thisstudy were used as research tool and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament(SWM), Two-point DiscriminationTest(TD), Modified Moberg Pickup Test(MPT), MVPT-3 and QUEST 2.0 were used as assessment tools. Theexperimental group conducted Multi-purpose Blind Box training program 30 minutes per day with three times aweek while the control group were given traditional occupational therapy. Results: The score differences of SWM, TD, MPT and MVPT-3 between before and after applying Multi-purposeBlind Box training were significantly higher in the experimental group(p<.05). The experimental group showed adecrease in SWM and TD scores, a decrease in MPT time and an improvement in MVPT-3 scores after trainingwith Multi-purpose blind box. Usability after using Multi-purpose blind box were rated more than average in allquestions. Conclusion: This study showed that using Multi-purpose blind box for training had a positive effect on the sensoryfunction and visual perception of stroke patients and therefore it further could be applied for assessment tool aswell.

Objective: The study aimed to propose the role of a newly developed Stand-up Assistive Device for the elderly toprovide a comfortable, convenient, and safe way of standing from various sitting conditions. Methods: A Stand-up Assistive Device was developed for research tool by overcoming such issues as heavy weight,bulky size and high costs. Total of 90 elderlies over 65 years old participated in the study to evaluate the developeddevice by administering Rapid Entire Body Assessment(REBA), sit-to-stand performance analysis(standing stagesand motor skills) and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology(QUEST) which were usedas assessment tools. Results: Statistical significance(p<.05) were observed between with/without using developed device in the scores ofREBA. Sit-to-stand performance analysis also revealed statistical significance in the mean score of stage 1 tostage 6 for the standing phase when the participants were standing with using the assistive device as comparedto without using it(p<.05). It was also consistent for motor skills as there were statistically significant in flows,endures, paces and mean score of motor skill between two conditions. The results of usability test revealed thatthe participants were positively responded ‘satisfactory’ or above in general. Conclusion: Stand-up Assistive Device developed in this study demonstrated certain advantages in terms ofconvenience, efficiency and safety when it is used for the elderly. It is recommended that developed device couldbe broadly applied to potential users who are having problems of standing up from various sitting situations.

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the home-based occupational therapy interventions and to provideevidence based practice regarding home based occupational therapy. Methods: For the main keywords of a database search, “Home care program” OR “Home health service” OR “Homebased rehabilitation” OR “Visiting home” AND “Occupational therapy” were used. Using Science Direct, ProQuestand Google Scholar, we systematically examined papers published in journals from 2008 to 2018. Finally, 19studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Evidence level of total 19 studies were level Ⅰ. PEDro score in all the articles reviewed was from 6 to 8points in the ‘Good’ range. The Most frequency of visiting home occupational therapy intervention were homemodification or activities of daily living training applied to fall risk older adults or experienced fall. Dependentvariables included 30.00% Activities of daily living training, 24.80% upper extremity function. Conclusion: Through this systematic review, we were able to provide clinical evidence on visiting home occupationaltherapy to the occupational therapist. In the future, based on this study, research on intervention multiinterventionapplied to older adults with geriatric illness or mental health.

Objective: The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation(CASP) measures the extent to which children participatein home, school, and community activities compared to children of the same age as reported by caregivers. In thisstudy, tried to translate CASP into Korean and to develop Korean version of CASP by verifying the validity andreliability of the translated test. Methods: This study recruited 22 people with disabilities and 38 people without disabilities, which were conductedfor a total of 60 children ad adolescents for about 5 months from September 2018 to January 2019. CASP wasconducted as a self-report questionnaire for parents and guardians of children and adolescents. The validity andreliability of the collected data were verified using Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) statistical analysisprogram. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in the general characteristics of the subjects of thisstudy. As a result of comparing the scores of the groups according to the presence or absence of the disability,there was s significant difference in verifying the validity of the Korean version CASP. In the reliability test, ahigh level of internal consistency and test-retest reliability were verified. Conclusion: Korean version CASP is a participation assessment tool for child and adolescent who can evaluateparticipation regardless of disability. This study confirmed high level of validity and reliability. Based on theresults of this study, it is expected that it will be used as a basic data for establishing treatment plan to promoteeffective participation of children and adolescent with disabilities in occupational therapy and research.

Objective: This study aimed at finding the effects of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy oroccupation-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy in terms of the occupation performance based on a systematicreview and meta-analysis found in Korean research. Methods: For this purpose, Korean studies conducted on subjects undergoing cognitive rehabilitation therapy wereresearched. A total of 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. All studies included addressed cognitiverehabilitation therapy by comparing computer-based and occupation-based approaches, and were publishedbetween 2010-2019. We used the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 program to analyze the data. Results: Using a fixed effect analysis, the effect size for the effectiveness of a computer-based cognitiverehabilitation therapy is medium(d = .542)(p < 0.05). However, the effect size for the effectiveness ofoccupation-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy is nearly large(d = .768)(p < 0.05). Conclusion: Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy and occupation-based cognitive rehabilitation therapywere both shown to have a positive possibility for improving occupational performance. However, further researchis needed to ground the evidence and support the clinical use of goal setting for occupational therapists.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop the multifaceted lifestyle profile for enhanced health andquality of life of elderly. Methods: Opinions from 13 Delphi panels who have experience with elderly and lifestyle research were collectedfrom November 2018 to January 2019. A Delphi survey was carried out three times, and based on previousresearch, the first Delphi survey gathered opinions using a mix of open-ended and close-ended questionsreconstructed regarding the definition of elderly lifestyle and component of multifaceted lifestyle profile of elderly. The second Delphi survey was conducted after the processes of deleting and modifying certain items based on thefirst Delphi survey. In the third Delphi survey, after the results of second Delphi survey were presented to expertpanels, final opinions from experts were converged. Results: 66 items which were related to multifaceted lifestyle profile of elderly were selected as the first Delphiresults and 27 items were analyzed after the processes of deleting and modifying. The results of second Delphiwere that the 5 items were analyzed as values below a content validity ratio of .54. According to the agreementamong researchers, 3 items were deleted and 24 items were derived. Finally, in the third Delphi result, 24 itemswere anlyazed as appropriate items. The average content validity ratio of the final Delphi survey was .84, stability.14, convergence .18. and consensus .88, which were high. Conclusion: By using this study, items which evaluate elderly’s multifaceted lifestyle were developed and verifiedthe content validity. In the future, it is expected that this study will be used ad a evidence for multifacetedlifestyle profile for elderly.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop evaluation items used to measure the sensory modulationfunction based activities of daily living for preschoolers. Methods: The first step was to select the area of daily activity and collect data for the development ofpreliminary items. The second step was to select the question items through expert verification, in which atotal of 21 occupational therapists with experience in pediatric setting were selected. A Delphi survey wascarried out three times. A final survey was used as a check of the level of parental understanding regardingthe contents of the preliminary items and compositions. Results: The results of the data collection and Delphi survey showed seven areas of development for dailyactivities (sleeping and waking up, wearing clothes, eating, using the bathroom, washing, dressing up, andmoving) and 105 preliminary question items. Finally, the average content validity ratio of the Delphi surveyresults was .89; the stability, 0.13; and the consensus, 0.81, which are regarded as high scores. Conclusion: This study verified the content validity of the evaluation items for the sensory modulation problemsof preschoolers based on their activities of daily living. In the future, it is expected that the usefulness of theevaluation items will be confirmed. They will then be used as an evaluation tool in a clinical setting.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the major factors affecting the burden of care givers interms of their cognitive function and the reduction in the Activities of Daily Living in dementia patients who cannotbe avoided after a dementia diagnosis. Methods: For a total of 126 dementia patients and their care givers living in the community, an evaluation wasconducted using the Mini‐Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening(MMSE-DS), the Korean version of theInstrumental Activities of Daily Living(K-IADL), and the Short Zarit Burden Inventory(S-ZBI). The Data wereanalyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent sample t test, a one‐way ANOVA, a Pearson’s correlationanalysis, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The major factors negatively affecting the care burden of care givers were found to be languagefunctionality in the cognitive function area, and food preparation, transportation, and telephone use in the area ofIADL performance. In addition, among the general characteristics, it was confirmed that the cohabitation type,education level, and age are variables affecting care giver burden. Conclusion: The results showed this study has significant implications for the care process of the communitydementia patients as a major factor that negatively affects the care burden of caregivers. Further studies shouldbe conducted in consideration of the characteristics of the subjects and the differences in the care environment.

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors(BCS) have memory, attention, processing speed, and/or executive functionimpairment affecting their quality of life(QOL) and function. Study aims were: (1) compare computer-assistedcognitive training with visual exercises to one with audio+ visual exercises, and (2) gain insight into therelationship between engagement in meaningful activities, cognitive deficits and QOL. Methods: This pilot study used an experimental design with 24 women. Pre and post measures assessed workingmemory, perceived cognition, QOL and engagement in meaningful activities. Results: Treatment effects were not significant for working memory or engagement in meaningful activities. Visualgroup participants scored significantly better on perceived cognitive function posttest test(M = 91.62, SD = 21.75)than pretest(M = 74.48, SD = 29.00), p = .010 and significantly higher on QOL posttest(M = 6.42, SD = 1.27)than pretest(M = 5.60, SD = 1.76), p = .004. Pretest perceived cognitive function was significantly associatedwith pretest(ρ = .617, p < .001) and posttest(ρ = .436, p < .05) QOL. Conclusion: Computer-assisted cognitive training with visual exercises appears to improve perceived cognitivefunction and QOL for BCS. A positive relationship exists between perceived cognitive function and QOL.

This systematic review examines the efficacy of non-medical interventions, yoga, social support groups, andkangaroo care, on women who experience Postpartum Depression(PPD) to determine the utility for use inoccupational therapy intervention. Benefits of these non-medical interventions included decreased depressivesymptoms and improved mood postpartum. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to understand thebenefits of non-medical interventions for perinatal clients. Search engines included CINAHL, Cochrane Library,PubMed, and Scopus. Initial searches yielded 110 articles based on specified search terms. After screening withinclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were selected. Strong evidence supports the use of yoga in reducingsymptoms of PPD. Moderate evidence supports the use of social support groups and kangaroo care as effectiveinterventions in reducing PPD symptoms.