KJC Korea
Journal Central

It is now well established fact that in order to gain greater insights into the dynamic nature of the synchronic structure and system of Modern Korean as well as its regional dialects, it is one of the prerequisites to study and understand in earnest many kinds of linguistic changes in progress of the late 19th century Korean, which represents the last historic period of Recent Korean. With the advent of late 19th century in the history of Korean language, we could at last approach via much linguistic materials published at those time in many parts of Korean peninsular the real events of the convergences and divergences in regional dialects of Recent Korean. Through many linguistic studies accomplished so far on that historical period, now we understand that the linguistic states of regional dialects at the time of late 19th century in many parts of Korean peninsular were characterized by continuing variations of many types resulting from increasing changes and much modifications of Recent Korean. With this premise born in mind, I have observed two kinds of hypercorrection, which occurred at that period in independent linguistic materials respectively. The one was the standard norm oriented overt hypercorrections appeared in the corpus of tonglipsinmun(1894. 4. 7.-1898. 5. 30.), which was the first private news paper published in Korea written with pure contemporary Central dialect including that of Seoul. The other was the covert norm oriented hyperdialectalism appeared in the traditional dialect materials comprising of old commercial novels published mainly in the district of Cheon-ju area as well as the old manuscripts of pansori edited and modified by Shin jae-hyo, who was born in Kochang in the year of 1812. The results of this investigation showed a significant number of instances of hypercorrect linguistic behaviours, not so far reported on. In this paper I’d like to suggest that these types of hyper-correction offer important insights into the nature of the sociolinguistic system which operated in the real contemporary speech communities of late 19th century.

The aim of this study is to examine meaning traits of [person]-suffixes such as ‘-ga’, ‘-ja’, and ‘-in’. When ‘-ga’ represents [+speciality], it is premised on a group of specialists. Suffix ‘-ga’ is used in words to mean 49 percent of [+speciality], 14 percent of [+ability], 8 percent of [+abundance]. Suffix ‘-ja’ started to be used in words such as inja(仁者), hakja(學 者), hyeonja(賢者). It is used in modern language in terms related to 44 percent of law, 26.5 percent of the weak, 11 percent of scholar, 11 percent of neutral meaning, 6 percent of vested rights, and 1 percent of physical training. The meaning of suffix ‘-ja’ is a chap (nom), which is considered to have the meaning of being disparaged. Suffix ‘-in’ is used extensively representing laymen who share the same interest as well as specialists. It is used in terms related to 27 92 percent of neutral meaning, 23 percent of law, 21 percent of specialist, 17 percent of the weak, marginal man, and 12 percent of vested rights. ‘-In’, [Person]-suffixes, shows more neutral meaning in value than ‘-ga’ and ‘-ja’.

Todays Governmental Ministries and offices have provided the Korean teaching materials for FMIs. These materials are systematized into three grades(beginners, intermediate and high classes). But those materials are placed too much emphasis on speaking and in case of materials for listening are even ruled out. Though the preceding researches have been progressed, the study for the problems on the constructs of reading are not dealt with. To complement these kinds of problems, I propose to utilize the educational news letters as practical teaching materials which are helpful to FMIs' real life. As we provide the reading materials utilizing educational news letters, FMIs can understand the meaning of the educational news letters and actively participate in the education for their children. What 116 is more, FMIs will improve their attitude and the ways of bringing up children and obtain knowledge and skills of teachers' role as well as parents', taking the informations related to the education for parents of students which are provided continuously by the institutes such as kindergartens. In addition, reading materials utilizing educational news letters will be used to the fundamental sources of Korean teaching materials Government and Local governments and their institutes have been planning one of the supporting programs for FMIs. The reading materials utilizing educational news letters will help us raise the efficiency of education for the students in multi-cultural families.

The aim of this study is to grope for the direction of the content and structure of the learning material for ‘language treatment’ which will be used as an ‘education’ and ‘treatment’ for the children of multi-cultural families with language disorder. Language treatment for children of multi-cultural families will be a part of more systematic and effective Korean language education considering correction of language disorder as well as language development which is different from language treatment for normal children. The result will be fluent Korean language and improvement of learning ability. Language disorder of the children of multi-cultural families comes from a defect in the course of a linguistic development. The language environment in the childhood which causes lack of spoken language contact due to the mothers without fluent Korean leads to the basic problem with pronunciation, accent and vocabularies of Korean language. The learning material for language treatment has to consider and recover the lack of experience of spoken language. Spoken language needs the training of pronunciation and accent as well as suprasegmental features such as strength, tone quality, rhythm, length. It is important to find the point place of articulation in the pronunciation training. Besides, it would not be possible for children to express their feelings until they recognize the strength adjustment from whispers to shout, the change the tone quality from husky, rough to a nasal, the length control of vowels and accent such as high or low tone. It aims at fluency in Korean language to learn the strength of words and paragraphs or to learn various patterns of rhythm in the sentences. The process of language treatment of phonology above mentioned is followed by that of lexicology which focuses on understanding the relationship between words and sounds and learning the meaning. This needs a balanced approach connecting repeated sentences with expected pictures. It is important for the balanced approach to make learning materials to connect the sense of sight with that of hearing such as looking for the same sound of one's first name by watching a picture, words having the same sound at the end or words sounding funny and looking unusual etc. The next step is the language treatment of semantics associated with elementary level of Korean language reading. It is to learn categorized vocabularies and related words based on the similarity or common function of things, for example, pencil and paper, toothpaste and toothbrush, spoon and chopsticks, book and note, go and come, here and there, inside and outside, up and down. The language treatment of pragmatics is the next. Pragmatics is the functional side of language understanding or expressing the language according to the context. It is categorized as a high level of language treatment by teaching children how to use words properly considering the purpose and context and how to understand other people's intention. As I mentioned above, the language treatments based on phonology, lexicology, semantics and pragmatics lead to the study of speaking and hearing in the elementary Korean language. Therefore it will be desirable to make a material for the language treatment containing contexts which are connected to a fairy tale, a traditional tale or a folk tale and further to the expressions used in the elementary school classroom. The contents of the material for language treatment should be decided on the initiative of children. It doesn't mean that the speech therapist has to play a passive role. We are just cautious of the situation putting the relationship between the speech therapist and children to that of question-answer or order-obey. If children play an active role, most of them easily achieve sensitivity to various feelings and ability to express it. It makes generalization more easily and facilitates their role as communicators. Looking at a child's initial language learning stage, one may realize the communication between the child and his mother who brings up him influences a lot on the language skill. A child is satisfied with his mother playing with him and reading a book for him regardless of the level of the mothers' fluency in Korean language. It is preferable for a mother to be with the child in the language treatment for him. In this case, the mother plays a counter actor, ie., to response, tell or listen to the child rather than just an observer beside him. As children of language disorder normally don't understand that the teller and the listener take turns talking, it is essential to make a material for the language treatment containing the counter actor. The ultimate purpose of language treatment is a perfect communication. For doing this, it is necessary to make teaching contents and strategy of the subject combination by using a real thing, picture, poster to fully understand the subject expressed with a word or sometimes by connecting culture, a fairy tale, mathematics, science, music and art with the subject to understand the concept. We have to find something academic leading to consistency or connecting with the contents of the material in order to make the material with the subject-oriented contents. It would not be easy to practice Korean language education in parallel with language treatment against the children of language disorder. The longer the period of disorder, the deeper the disorder itself and of course the longer the treatment needed. To establish the advanced multi-cultural society, we have to provide the social minority with the customized service. There is a story of 'invitation for a meal between a fox and a crane' in Aesop's fables. It points out of the necessity of the customized service considering not only materials of the meal but also the container. Children of the international marriage families will be the main engine of the next generation of Korean society. Their problem will become Korean society's problem and their disorder will directly lead to the barrier preventing from the progress of Korean society. How deeply we can consider the children of international marriage with a language disorder in order to treat them is closely related to the depth of our lives.

This thesis is intended to study Kwanseonghoojeon(管城侯傳) written by Kwonbyok(權擘) in the light of the aspects selecting and using the subject matter, the allegorical meanings, and the status in the literary history. This work is worth giving significance in the literary history in that it was the first created one known to date of all the works of Kajeon Literature(假傳文學) that treated a writing brush as a subject matter. In the categorical feature, it adhered to the basic style of Sakiyeojeon(史記列傳), and it used the terms of Sassichanwal(史氏贊 曰) in commenting formality. It confirms the direct influence of Manseokgunlamunjeon(萬石君羅文 傳) and Kwancheosamuojimyoung(管處士墓誌銘), not to mention <管城侯傳>의 立傳 樣相과 連繫性 169 Samunyuchi(事文類聚), in the aspects selecting and using the subject matter. In the theme, it bears resemblance to MoonsuengSahoojeon(文崇四侯 傳) by Moonsueng(文崇) in that it admired winning a king's favor and returning home loaded with honors. Finally, it deserves to our attention in that through the work we come to discover the growth and the subsequent development of the literatures of personification and Kajeon Literature(假傳文學) in the early-Joseon Dynasy.

<Gewusa> is not a Pansori song version but a novel version. Pansori‐based novels are reading materials transcribed or printed to be read, and include all alternative versions. The title <Gewusa> is also a clue to the fact that the novel originated from <Musuki Taryeong>. The weakening of the function of inserted poetry, which is one of important characteristics of Pansori, suggests that the work was transformed into a novel. Inserted poetry is for drawing the audience’s sympathy in the field of performance. Thus, it is considered a natural phenomenon that inserted poetry, which is not so important in a novel version, was omitted or replaced with narrations. With regard to narration techniques as well, the dialogue part of <Gewusa> maintains many of the characteristics of its song version, 판소리 문학사에 있어서 <게우사>의 위상 193 but the other parts are closer to a novel than to the song version. Assuming that <Gewusa> was transcribed in 1890, we can infer that it was rewritten and its transcribed version was distributed in the trend of transition of Pansori narrations into novels. With regard to its relation with song <Gewusa>, the relation was inferred from hypothesizing transformation not from a song to Pansori or Pansori‐style novel as in the commonly held opinion but in the opposite direction. However, this part is considered to require further discussion.

This study examined about characteristics and symbolical significance in Gwishin(鬼神), which is material of Eouyadam(於于野 談). The attitude in Yu Mong-in(柳夢寅), who recorded a story of having material as Gwishin(鬼神-ghost), was showing quite difference from a Confucian theory of Gwishin, which had been the dominant ideology at that time. Yu Mong-in is indicating post-Confucian propensity different from a Confucian theory of Gwishin, which had tried to describe life (生), death(死), and existence in Gwishin with Hapsan(合散) and Ulgyeol(鬱結) in energy(氣). Such propensity had been embodied literarily into the diverse looks in Eouyadam. What a story of Gwishin is recorded in Eouyadam was regarded as a reason why Yu Mong-in had post-Confucian propensity and is accepting the relativism of Chuang-tzu. The symbolic meaning in Gwishin of Eouyadam, first, is what reveals the wound and the lack in a human being due to war, a lean year, and epidemic, and second, is what criticized a irrationally political situation at that time, which had been severe in party strife for struggling for rights, by establishing specific space. Finally in the aspect that two souls dwell in one body or that the dead ghosts proceed with living together in one space called the world of life, Yu Mong-in saw it as what confusion and disorder in society at that time came to be metaphorical. In Im Bang(任埅 1640∼1724)’s Cheonyerok(天倪錄), which appeared following Yu Mong-in’s Eouyadam is described even many of stories, which are entirely consistent in behaviors or reasons of having come to appear, as well as stories, which have the almost same motive as Eouyadam . By the way, Cheonyerok was expanded the same story of Gwishin into the more complex structure, thereby having characteristic that is definitely distinguished from Eouyadam. Given comparing Gwishin in Cheonyerok and Gwishin in Eouyadam, both works seem to be likely to come to be clear in its characteristics. This is left as future task.

This thesis contemplated a poetry of Man-Hae with methodology of cognitive poetics. In the light of a in a sense speaker’s poetic in a sense, a imagination and cognition system of poetry of Man-Hae has revealed through speaker and lover’s character and attitude and behaviour that how recognize a cognition object. The poetry of Man-Hae has a dialectical recognition system of creation and disappear. Also, poetry of Man-Hae follows the basic cognition model of Lover’s creation and destruction. In a grounding of cognitive model, container schema and path schema are located. Bottom of such schema, fundamental notion metaphor laid down that ‘Life is a journey’. The dialectical recognition system from a separation/disappear to encounter/creation of the poetry of Man-Hae has much indebted for Buddhistic thought system. Important thinking system or cognition system in the poetry of 만해 한용운 시의 인지시학적 연구 243 Man-Hae is a dualistic view of the world. Dualistic world cognition has symbolized in a relation of ‘lover’ and ‘I’. In other words, poetry of Man-Hae has structured in an eager desire and yearning of worldly ‘I’ who loves holy ‘lover’. A desire of speaker ‘I’ who have a dreams about to be identified with ‘lover’ reach a stage of unity through a cognitive system of paradox. Cognitive model that a female speaker ‘I’ pursues love perfection toward to a male who presented as a ‘lover/you’ is located by prototype on poetry of Man-Hae. Love quality that female speaker ‘I’ pursue, possess the characteristics of feminine cognition. Therefore a cognition attitude that pursue a love of poetry of Man-hae exhibit a tendency of humility, suggestive and passive. There is no doubt that cognitive schema, category, image schema and imagine physically are tied by the category of women.

Kim Chun-Soo is the one of the best poetry who achieved the excellent poetic art in the pursuit of the pure poetry for his whole life. During his life, he produced problematic discourse of Korea modern literature with participating in all part of literary genre. His literary experience proffers us the diachronic insight of which Korean poet history has been related to Western modernism, genealogy's senior or junior who he succeed to or inherit from him, unique prosody, branch and the stream of modern literary criticism. This paper presents study history about Kim Chun-Soo’s poet focusing on the recent dissertations to avoid the duplication of existing discussion. Most of all research about study history are in substantial agreement with each other. A highly recognised critic’s opinion is requotated in all dissertation. Classification(category) and period division also are all of a sort. The reason why this phenomenon is brought is Because these issues are not the significant to generally dissertation. This paper’s aim is to neutrally indicate the present condition of study about Kim Chun-Soo’s poet and deduce a lacked part which exsiting dissertation is missing. I expect this paper to be a research material which following study can concult.

The purpose of this study was to review the nature and characteristics of the Catholic-Gasa[天主歌辭] in vol. 41, 「Bogam(寶鑑)」, Kyunghayng daily newpaper[京鄕新聞] published between 1906 and 1910, and to investigate the perception of reality and intention represented by the Catholic-Gasa in those periods. This study, based on those investigations, attempted to understand the change pattern of the Catholic-Gasa and examined some aspects of Catholics of those periods in terms of perception of reality and social activities. It was considered, as a result of discussions, that the Catholic-Gasa in Kyunghayng daily newspaper (1) expended the range of author 1906년~1910년 京鄕新聞 소재 천주가사의 특성과 그 지향 303 and increased the amounts, (2) made contents and subjects to being various, (3) tended toward single pattern, and (4) shifted to visual reading materials. The Intention of the Catholic-Gasa in Kyunghayng daily newspaper was (1) confession of faith and hymnals, advice on the religious life, (2) critical perception of reality due to the national right pillage, (3) open-hearted thoughts on the Western cultures and emphasis on the education within school, and (4) the formation and diffusion of new interpersonal relationships and sense of community. The critical perception of reality concerning the process of pillaging national right, the encouragement on the open-hearted thoughts on the Western cultures, and the emphasis on the education within school shows clearly the position on the actual issues and the social role of Catholic in the period of urgent history. It is estimated that the Kyunghayng daily newspaper intervened actively in current social issues and voiced their own, therefore, that the Catholic-Gasa works in it also showed such strong tendency.

The goal of this thesis - limited to volume 10,11 and 12 in part 2 of ToJi written by Park Gyeongli - is to considerate of recognition problematics about cultures of Korea and Japan. Not only Toji is a very long story but also it took long time to write this story. Furthermore, it has been noticed because of dilemmas of the times and issues of genres. In other theses which are based on this novel, it is noticed that volume 1, 2 and 3 are so interested that we can't ease the tension, but after the volumes the tension gradually decreases. But that is a wrong thinking resulted from grasping the story when we focus on the outline. In this thesis 4 volumes which lead last half of the story are considered to disprove the wrong view. Part 4 story is developed on the background of the period from 소설 ꡔ토지ꡕ에 나타난 한·일 문화인식의 태도 고찰 333 China-Japan War(1937) to NamGyeong Slaughter(1938). In historic novels the view of current trends has attracted our interest. But the things which are mentioned in this thesis are not considered in historic point of view about current problems. The main goal of it is finding out the basic reasons which made the situations of the time. The writer seeks for the reasons in the culture. Her wide cognitions and point of views about Korea and Japan culture are revealed in the whole Part 4. In part 4 lots of characters are appeared but the origin of whole story is integrated to “culture”. If it is read with view of culture, we can guess on what position she wanted to place the part 4 in the novel. The writer has her own deep belief about history. She figures out the history from Guhanmal to Defeat of Japan in the novel. And she tries to seek for the reasons of the defeat not from weak military force or changes of world situations but from more basic reasons, “Cultural Weakness”. Especially, writting duration of part 4 is longer than any other parts. It is the proof of her best. In Part 1, 2, 3 she tried to put more precious meanings into the story over a family’s hardships, successes and love stories and she gained “cultural point of views” as one of the methods. What is land? It is not an estate and territory as she said. She said we associate land with concept of possession. However, when it is rethought through part 4 it is valid that land is considered as the place of human standing and origin of life. The Land is the place where everybody stands beyond history and races. It is the place human beings have rooted, been born and been grown up from the beginning of the world. From then, they have sown, born, farmed and lived. Human beings have learnt surviving methods and passed down them on the bases of the land. It is the primitive configuration of culture that is the premise of this thesis. Island country, Japan has made their own culture and Korea have done so. The beginning of culture is from an individual but the culture is what are internalized into a race with time. How could Joseon people overcome the tough time under Japanse control- expanding of Japanese nationalism and fortifying of military-in the situation that nobody could look forward to future? The books asks the readers and the writer herself “what the power overcoming the tough time is”. It is said that culture is the answer and the culture is the great sprit.

This report inquires into the idea of irony that included by Hyun jingun’s one lucky day as a subject to find a new direction of novel education. first, I pointed out scarcity of a study that try to approach the idea educationally. the study that how irony make reality a literary work, and that how a person completes an ego-maturity through a comprehension that reality having a style maturate to a completed literary work is not enough yet. so this report focus on this point. Furthermore this report finds a literary educational meaning of the various irony ideas and historiographical expressions and supplies educational methods. The irony is a historiographical expression used frequently. we can understand that this historiographical expression that turns normal language to literary language pratices a fundamental role by Hyun jingun’s one lucky day. From now, a novel education should focus on a research that find a relation between real language and literary language. and many vigorous studies should be executed to help personal ego-maturity completed through the correspondent recognition to student about fiction and non-fiction.

This study is concerned with Kim Gi-rim’s enlightenment movement in the era of liberation. He focused on people, who would be in charge of the construction project of the democratic culture, as a subject. His enlightenment movement theory was developed as a combination of three key points, including the development of people-oriented poetics, an interest in a Korean verse, and the Korean language movement. Kim’s activity was the revival of the appearance of seeking a correlation between intellect and reality, which he aimed at from the early 1930s. He hoped to take initiative in the construction project of a democratic culture, which was the pending assignment of the time, by enhancing the people’s participation in politics through the defeat of their illiteracy, which was an imminent issue back then. First, he demonstrated an interest in the lives of the people, and this was carried out as a people-oriented poetics. Second, he saw through the importance of national literary form and consistently expressed an interest in a Korean verse. Third, he pursued the perfect transformation to the Korean language by gradually abolishing Chinese characters that prohibited the desirable lingual activities of the people. His efforts had to be discontinued in the face of a tragic situation, which was an unexpected kidnapping to North Korea; however, it was a moderate and rational approach and attitude based on an objective perception about the reality of the time.

This paper is the essay for the writing with postcolonial aspect in the cultural writing classes of universities. Especially in this paper, writing thesis in university classes and the structural aspects are considered. Thus the aim of this paper is considering the form of thesis, called as an academic or demonstrative writing, and tracing its origin as well. Moreover, the possibility of postcolonial writing will be referred. In our society, the concept of culture and possession or nonpossession of culture could be referred with relation of the crisis of cultural sciences. Nowadays not our traditional writing styles but unified academic writing ones are remained as a exclusive style of writing. This reason could be explained in the ancient rhetoric, so called ‘rhetorical device’ for standardized writing. the premise for writing with culture and postcolonial writing is considering not knowledge about professional writing, but context of communicative access. In addition to those aspects, the open method like autobiographical, subjective and polyphonic writing should be pointed through words placement strategy which could enrich word lines.