KJC Korea
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The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation method of the text in the field of grammar based on 2011 Korean Language Education Curriculum. The result of this study shows that the integral is conducted in a dimension of studying the text which is regarded as a result of the grammatical activity in the learning activity, the developmental part of the small unit. This paper interprets this attitude comes from the consciousness that the grammatical knowledge, the central part of the grammar education is “kindly handed down to the students.”However, it is hard to content only to use and analyze the output of the grammatical activity if the current textbook attempts to reflect the text for the grammatical explanation because of the importance of the grammar education based on the text. Therefore, this paper suggests as follows: first, instead of presenting the text in the learning activity part to study as most of the current textbooks, the text could be presented during the explanation process prior to the learning activity. Secondly, it is necessary to diversify the text. In another words, the text which shows the grammatical thought processes clearly or contains propositional knowledge symbolically and connotatively could be used. Through the former one, the leaner will experience directly how the grammatical knowledge deeply involved in the Korean language activity. Through the latter, the students will learn the grammatical knowledge during the reading activities.

This paper aims to examining the replacement aspects of last consonant 'ㄹ' predicate stem of modern Korean language by regional dialect and identifying its characteristics. Current language has conjugated forms that is replaced voluntarily such as [모르다~몰르다] and [흐르다~흘르다]. This paper has examined how these replacement types, according to the region, appear depending on the vocabulary. The replacement aspects of last consonant 'ㄹ' predicate stem of modern Korean language can be divided into four types, and the majority of the vocabulary shows a voluntary replacement of /X르-/type and /Xㄹ르-/type before the ending consonant. The voluntary replacement of /X르-/type and /Xㄹ르-/type appears differently by each region. The ratio of vocabulary showing the restructuring between words such as /Xㄹ르-/ was in the order of Chungnam (68.3%)> Chungbuk (61%)> Gyonggi (53.7%)> Jeonbuk (51.2%)> Gangwon (46.3%)> Jeju (41.5%)> Jeonnam (39%)> Gyeongbuk (7.3%)> Gyeongnam (2.4%) where Chungnam and Chungbuk has shown the most active restructuring of stem between words and this is being expanded into southwest dialect and southeast dialect. The replacement aspects of /X르-/type and /Xㄹ르-/type shows a different characteristics for each vocabulary. For /Xㄹ르-/type, in verb rather than adjective, and appears actively in the two-syllable predicate stem than the three-syllable predicate stem. The stem restructuring of /Xㄹ르-/ appearing only in the last consonant 'ㄹ' predicate stem appears by being applied and extended into similar environments. Such extended phenomenon appears even in a written language.

Heonanseolheon is evaluated as a woman writer who showed distinct writer consciousness under the order of Confucianism. In her Chinese poems, conflicts between self and world and the various responses about them is represented well. This paper aims at investigating the process to realize unfortunate consciousness. Yuseonsa is an object of this study. 'Unfortune' means 'didn't meet'. Therefore unfortunate consciousness has a difference according to what or who the object of meeting is. Yuseonsa isn't text that dreams of Seongye in order to look away and escape from dark reality. Seongye in Yuseonsa is the escapeway from reality. It is not only space to desire and escapeway in order to forget pain and trouble that are hard for her to control. The meaning of emotion is as important as Yuseon. Therefore it is focused on involved emotion and writer consciousness when Yuseonsa is analyzed. Emotional context in Yuseonsa is found through statistics and analysis of poetic-word. The selection of poetic-word set on the basis of the emotional contribution. This paper intends to find mechanism of creating meaning by suggesting a line which includes syllables in a poem. Heonanseolheon tried to overcome the lack of reality by representing emotion and desire as they are. The stronger the desire to overcome reality got, the stronger the oppression of society became. This motive is expressed by aiming for Seongye. It is interpreted as an attempt to transcend through emotional sink. Heonanseolheon who became a goddess in an ideal land enjoyed the placidity in Yuseonsa. It's certain that Yuseon is a fantasy world of Heonanseolheon. However, It's hard to assert that Heonanseolheon overcame the limit of reality through Yuseon. She dreamed of transcending reality, but she failed. She had to returned to reality. As a result, her sinking sensation got worse and side effect occurred. This side effect is the very unfortunate consciousness. The main theme in Yuseonsa is human and environment, which is the object and cause of unfortune. Therefore Yuseon of Heonanseolheon always ends up incompletion.

The purpose of this study is to identify how characters in the Gureongdeongdeong Sinseonbi Story build relationship between them, considering the meaning of 'Heomeul' in the story. This study refers to heomeul or molting process of a snake as self-improvement capability. Such ability to change is a quality of a hero. Although it is less important compared to achievement of historic tasks, self-improvement for changing him/herself also is heroic qualification. The relationship between the snake husband and the third daughter is ideal in enhancing heroic qualification of each other. Heomeul prohibition set by the snake evokes change of the existence by the third daughter. However, the request was ignored as it was very sudden. Efforts made by the third daughter is the expression of spontaneous and independent will. There are two sisters who burnt Heomeul. The intervention of two sisters cause eternal separation between the snake husband and the third daughter. While the snake husband and the third daughter regenerate, two sisters burn Heomeul, which represents their errors or mistakes. This story shows also the relationship between the snake husband and the second wife. The second wife does not know the past (Heomeul) of her husband. She married the husband with practical reasons. Therefore, when the first wife who witnessed the change process made an appearance, the second wife was abandoned. This story shows heroic energy that can enhance the existence by him/herself with changing process of the snake. In addition, it emphasizes that initiative and individual efforts are necessary to build ideal relationship. However, roughness to maintain harmonious life in the marriage is also seen considering the fact that they meet the husband again only when the third daughter completes the impossible task with endless efforts.

This study eximines meaning disposition, phonetic disposition, and translation for analyze Jeong ji-yong's poem 「Lake」. Firstly, it is possible to read-off chung-cheong's unique characteristics of 'breadth of mind' and 'sophistication' because the postposition or wording ends such as ‘-ya, -ro, -maan, -hani, -bbakae’ are spacing from each other. Secondly, by using a postposition ‘-bbakae’ without dependant nouns 'su', is applied to conventional dialect and trimeter rhythm. Thirdly, we can find that only postpositions are used or standard pattern of syllable in poems such as 「Waterfall」, 「Onjung」, 「Yu.sun.ae.sang」, 「They come back」, 「Setting sun」, 「ddui」, 「Bird from mountain」, 「Shooting star」. At the end, a study Jeong ji-yong's poem should be expanded to a dialect. And younger students should discover if by chance a published translation and publish a new translated book. This way, we must contribute and his poetic sentiment spread in the world.

Some of the scholars who have studied the concept of place formulate the profound and complex side that a person have experienced as a place, they also say that the place is recognized differently for each individual depending on people's experience and the identity, namely the sense place, is granted to that place. In addition, they add that our body is an object which recognizes the space, in other words, the body belongs to the main organization which experiences the space. On the other hand, the body itself is a space, that is to say the personal space, so the human body itself is seen as part of the space that surrounds us. Through the analysis from Kim Seung-Ok's short stories : <Journey to Mujin>, <Night Travel> and <Moonlight of Seoul Act 0>, I examined with the concept of place how women were recognized in the novelettes. In the three literatures, each woman was expressed as a 'life refuge', 'infested place' and as the 'eternal resting place' which man lust for, and this is the recognition for women of the overall society of that period, which is beyond Kim Seung-Ok's personal thought. The novels that the general public reads do not largely deviate from the historical facts. The stories of the novels described this way become the new truth and reality and influence the consciousness of the public readers. Therefore, the novel describing women's recognition, depicted by the man who is the subject, with the woman as the other and not as the subject, must continuously be subject of the debate in the future.

The purpose of this paper is to study ‘Café France’ of Ji-yong Jeong, using Deictic Shift Theory of Cognitive Poetics. Throughout the past discussions, ‘Café France’ was analyzed in order to discuss the modern time and perceptive problems, and the recreation of modernity. The discussions have established one set of process of understanding ‘Café France.’ Poetry naturally desires to obtain a variety way of understanding. Attempts to read the poems in many different ways are the way to show present values of the poems. Therefore, the study suggests a variety of reading methods to understand poems according to deictic shift theory at reader’s level. First of all, divide poem into two parts based on spatial deictic areas in poem—the first to fourth stanza as the first part and the fifth to ninth stanza as the second part. In chapter 2, understanding of deixis, numbers of lines in a stanza, syntax structure, speaker, etc. in the first to fourth stanza are studied with a variety of deictic shift theory. In chapter 3, studying description of space of the café’s interior is continued to description of ‘My’ feeling; thus, contents of the speaker are analyzed. Then, existing things inside the café will be analyzed in a view of readers. This poem has unclear speaker because of incomplete syntactic structure and it is difficult to understand its contents. In addition, the vague subjects confuse the reader’s understanding. However, hidden speaker or vague deixis, structure of the lines in a stanza, incomplete syntactic structure, etc. direct the audiences to the various deictic areas. As a result, in a view of reader, understanding of poem varies.

Sex is not simple physical pleasure, but very important human behaviour psycho-physiologically. It is already discussed in psychology and psychoanalysis, that libido, intrinsic energy of sex, forms various mental mechanism such as ego, superego, unconsciousness, shadow, persona, etc. They still provide important clues about elucidating human-beings. In <Forest Fire>, Jeom-rye and Sa-wol are characters revealing self-preservation and self-love(narcissism) in her husband’s absence, and yet their behavior patterns are quite dissimilar. While Jeom-rye shows the type of obsessive libido, Sa-wol is the case of sexual libido. That’s because they have different ideas on environment and sex. As for Ong-nyeo in <The Blue Tile-Roofed House>, she also has a desire for eros in her husband’s absence. After only a momentary pleasure from having got a lover, she has a death instinct(thanatos) when the lover is arrested. Her expectation for eros is frustrated so extremely that the erotic desire is transformed into a self-defeating drive. On the other hand, Yun Byeong-hee in <The Rose Castle> makes a self-confined situation by keeping herself isolated. In psychopathology, it’s a desire to return to the maternal womb, namely, desire for regression to childhood. She is self-confined to the Rose Castle. However, her sexual instinct is presented as a deviation in sexual objects by replacing it with a perverse way via two male dogs and the private tutor to her daughter. That is to say, she is under the control of her persona, the false ego.

I wrote this paper to find the meaning of disease and anymal symbol in the novels of Choi, Myung-ik. Many characters in 1930's modernism novels suffer from diseases. This trend is found in the novels of Choi, Myung-ik. So in this paper, I focused on this trend in 『peaieain』and 『spring and a newly constructed road』 which are written by Choi, Myung-ik. First, characters in 『peaieain』are unemployed teachers who fall into sorrow and dispair because of isolation. They suffer from diseases. At the same time, the appearance of animals in 『peaieain』contribute to materialization of this trend. Anymal symbol in 『peaieain』is not only description of background. Anymal symbol is closely connected to the disease of characters. This means that metaphor about animals is connected to shaping up the personality of characters and the theme of 『peaieain』. So in 『peaieain』, metaphor about animals is used in definitizing abstract meanings, making new meanings and extending denotation. Because of this reason, I think that metaphor about animals has rhetorical peculiarity. cat's mating in spring night is described in 『spring and a newly constructed road』. And this description metaphorically show a sex problem which is main topic of 『spring and a newly constructed road』. Especiallly, we can understand the sexual desire in 『spring and a newly constructed road』 by the animal impulse because of the metaphor about animals. Death of Geuniea shows negative awareness of the modernization which is represented by the sexual desire. On analysis, the disease of characters in 『peaieain』and 『spring and a newly constructed road』 is identical to the self-consciousness of chosun intellectuals who faced the turning point of modern capitalism. The metaphor about animals and plants appear in the novels of Choi, Myung-ik. And I think that this metaphor is effectively contributed to the personality of characters, main theme and narrative development. Finding concretely this trend in the novels of Choi, Myung-ik would be conducted by widening subject of analysis and comparing other modernism novels. But I leave it to the next challenge.

It is estimated that over ten million people have watched the movie, 『Frozen』. Many of experts found out that reasons of the success are a great combination of animation and music, a gorgeousness screen, and a love between sisters. However, the main cause of the success is because 『Frozen』 broke the general trend of Disney animation, which is Disney animations are created for kids, not adults. 『Frozen』 not only shows how to think outside of the box but also attracts adult audiences to be fascinated with it. The first reason why we could called 『Frozen』 as a Self-growth movie is because it contains a life from childhood to adulthood in a brief space of time. Secondly, the words 'Head' and 'Heart' are mentioned frequently in 『Frozen』. Those words symbolize the recognition and emotion which are essential elements of human nature. Therefore, 『Frozen』 is the movie that shows a process of Self-growth and a possibility of Self-Realization at the same time. If we watch 『Frozen』 from the Self-growth view, all of main characters in the movie could be represented as 'I'. Elsa shows my 'Self-Recognition' and Anna describes my 'Self-Emotion'. Kristoff illustrates many of my faults but also lovable me, Hans is one of me that cracked up by external factors. Moreover, a snowman Olaf symbolizes precious memory of my childhood. At the final scene of 『Frozen』, it teaches that there are many flaws in human being, but the true love could turn that flaws to the strength.

This study relates to zainichi playwright ‘Chong Wishing’ and his dramas. ‘Chong' has been recognized both in Japan and South Korea as talented playwright. His time is not yet passed. And he still be very active. Although he was a part of the mainstream of Japanese theater, he sent the massages that based on the identity of zainichi to Japanese society. As a writer, he has a historical Missions about zainichi. But this is mission born of the desire to find himself rather than a historian’s calling. Because he is also zainichi, he is aware clearly of the fact that he was going to disappear from history along with other zainichi. His works are testimony for zainichi's historical identity. Moreover, it is a way to record his presence and prove the existence and search the utopian space for the settlement. He didn't takes advantage of 'the capitals' for ascent of status. He also didn't want to taken into the mainstream of 'the ' society by selecting a certain identity. He was defined himself as a 'margin man', was tried to find his own space for settlement. His 'distinction' is different from the behavior of the upper class that promote hierarchical classification, seperate the working class from themselves as they spend luxury item. He records the fact that the backside of hidden history in the works. And he exposed the fact through various perspectives, voices of minority. His future is anticipated of the reason for this.