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This is a phonological study on conjugated form combined stem with ending in Korea. The issues that we have with here are three problems. firstly, we focused on microscopically on densification matters of phonological environment in synchronic study, secondly, we discussed paradigm aspect and paradigm system matters, they are set of conjugated form. thirdly we focused a discussion on lexicon registration of high unit in conjugated form and not fewer than conjugated form, in consideration imperfect conjugation.

This paper aims at suggesting the computer- and corpus-based methods for assessing writing ability of middle school students. For the purpose of this survey, I executed: 1) collecting middle school student's writing materials. 2) parsing those materials on the basis of 21 Sejong Project tagset. 3) analysing parsed corpus for the grammatical properties. This paper suggest only the large-scale parameters for assessing writing ability, and the rest, i.e. every small categorial parameters are remained for later. To sum up, this paper suggests parameters as: 1) grammatical morpheme ratio 2) lexemes per sentence 3) nouns per predicate 4) nouns per final ending

In this paper I would like to model both a counter bleeding relation and a derivational environments and also to insist that the opacity of t-palatalization in Korean should be determined by whether or not applying the precedence constraint. Because the /t/ in the morpheme internal /ti/ sequence had not been palatalized before /i/, the derived environment effect was emerged in Korean; /mati/ → [mɑdi], *[mɑči]. The OI approach showed that OT-CC approach was more economical than the rule based methods in the modelling of the opacity. In the traditional SPE both a counterbleeding and a counterfeeding relation were easily explained by assuming the rule ordering in the process of derivation to the surface. However the rule ordering in itself could not explain the derived environment effects. This approach would like to make explaining the different kind of processes by depending on the different formal devices. On the contrary OT-CC had not need of these two different mechanism.

This study sets Ji-Won Park's the Epitaph, the Grave of Mr. Park, Hongmungwan Jeongja, Grandson and Nephew as the target for analyzing. The previous independent studies on this topic were partly about vocabulary or a modification process. Since the work dealt with the various deceased of different times, the internal study of the individual works is justified. This study is mainly focused on paragraph analysis, its components, structure, and the life of the deceased. Firstly, the work is composed of the family tree-the main purpose of writing-life-death. And it can be characterized by its parallel structure. In particular, the purpose of writing divides his family tree and lifetime in the parallel structure. The official life of the deceased, Park Su Su and the private life that his close friend, Yeonam was aware of, were revealed and amplified repeatedly. Secondly, through the thorough understanding of the deceased, his expected social role as a pure breed and his desired to be a scholar were deeply shown in this work. This work was used to express Park's loneliness and his agony that he had to hide. Also it revealed the strict legacy of Bannam Park. His loneliness and desperation that even his family could not empathize were projected in this work. This made us understand his early death. Thirdly, Yeonam captured the prime life of the deceased and described intensively his happiness and sorrows. This eventually could have given him the inner peace. Yeonam's sincere attitude is well shown in the work.

Dasan, who showed aspects of a genius over various fields, is one of the Silhak scholars who are important in understanding the late Joseon, and had broad knowledge about the Garden Construction. The Garden Construction was highly universal inclassical scholar’s culture in the Joseon Age. The Garden Construction and the activity of joying it can be read as nature, a space of life for hermits against the mundane world, that is to say, an ideal space of Garden. Also, the late Joseon in which Dasan lived was a period in which ideal space of Garden converged on cities rather than on suburban areas as urban culture developed around Seoul. Thus, Dasan’s Garden Construction, and his pastoral view projected to it obviously had something different from earlier pastoral views. On the other hand, Dasan’s pastoral life was suburban life forced by others. This is the point where Dasan’s pastoral view is different from other pastoral views in his times. In order to understand Dasan’s pastoral view as it were, we should first investigate and analyze his Classical Garden, the crystallization of his diverse books and pastoral view. However, the study of Dasan was as huge accumulation of numerous researchers’ contributions as his writings. I think that it isalso necessary to classify the contributions of the researchers in Dasan with various keywords and organize and examine a history of Dasan study. Thus, this paper classifies previous studies on Dasan in terms of the keyword, Dasan’s pastoral view. Based on this, it finds out that the previous studies that have tried to explicate his pastoral view fall within two approaches in general including the approach of landscape construction, the literary approach. The approach of landscape construction tends to analyze the composition and constructive styles of Garden, the crystallization of his pastoral view, and the literature-based approach show the tendency to analyze what is the ideal garden that Dasan mentioned in his writingsabout Garden and nature. Lastly, the literary approach try to analyzehow the utopia expressed in his pastoral poetry is literally realized. Though it has some limitations as it roughly examine previous studies on Dasan in terms of the keyword, Dasan’s pastoral view, this paper can be said to be helpful in grasping the stream of previous studies through the classification and examination of them, and in understanding Dasan himself.

Kim Jong-sam’s poem has a structural uniqueness. That originates from the unique structural system with a focus on the metaphorical analogy. It is seen that the aesthetic achievements of the Kim Jong-sam’s poem in the mechanisms of these parables. When viewed as a metaphor for entering into relationships based on similarities between the two concepts, the subject of tenor in the poem is related to a plurality of concepts resulted in a string of similarities. One tenor and many vehicles constituting the corresponding notion of one-to-many relationship is a form of metaphor, the auxiliary notion of a metonymic connection between established relationships. Cause the tenor generate a difference the meaning is not fixed. In other words, metonymic parallel structures stand on basic principles of the difference between metaphorical structure pursuit of differentiation of metaphor. The subject of Kim’s poem crushed by a differential regulation does not mean an absolute thing. Despite many metaphor to define the one being present is not itself take a definite meaning. The myth of metaphysical absoluteness will be destroyed and it will seek for a new entity in the cracked world . This can be referred to two axes that support the structure of Kim Jong-sam’s metaphor. Meanwhile, the approach to depth metaphor by analyzing a surface layer is effective way to find meanings of poem. Surface metaphor is differentiated in depth metaphor. Depth metaphor reveals the unconsciousness of the subject of poem. Also, depth metaphor creates a surface metaphor and determine the format of the poem. Meaning is found in the depth layers of metaphor in poetry concealed the unconscious level, that would be the access for the identification of research poetic awareness at the time.

The purpose of this treatise is to investigate and search Gim Jae-yeong’s critical mind to the nation and race through analysis and discussions to the diaspora representation which appeared in her novels. For this purpose, this treatise categorized her novels as the two types. One is the ‘Korea’s diaspora work group’ which dealt with loss or sadness of diaspora by discrimination and exclusion of Korean society. There's another one, ‘Korean diaspora work group’ which dealt with feelings of loss and grief of Korean diaspora by discrimination and exclusion of foreign country. In the Korea’s diaspora work group such as 「elephant」, Korea’s diasporas are representated victim of discrimination and exclusion of Korea society. In the ‘Korean diaspora of series of novels’ such as 「Crab fishing in the Long Island」, Korean diasporas are featured object of discrimination and exclusion of foreign country in exactly the opposite direction. Two series of novels formed geometric symmetry in the epic appearance each other. But they owned critical mind to disband the boundaries of modern nation-states. Gim Jae-yeong’s critical mind has the significant weight in the contemporary situation which ethnic and national boundaries increasingly showed a sign of the dissolution.

To remain was to die in Korean War. Nevertheless, the trust on the nation and the wrong announcement released by government made people decide to remain in the dangerous region. But, at that time, nobody officially protested against the fact. Additionally, Dogangpa had to be cruel and violent to Janryupa for proving its evacuation to be right or proper choice, because ones who took the lead in punishing Janryupa was the people who had belonged to the Dogangpa which had decided to withdraw themselves, leaving many people in the battle fields. Therefore, it looks as if the confliction between them resulted in one-sided victory of Dogangpa. However, there are scenes that is possible to consciously or unconsciously make any different interpretations from the ostensible victory in the works of writers who was active at that time. They are important bases which can make us infer the situations at that time. While the record regarding a victory is allotment for ruling classes, a loss is for citizens. We can identify the fact in many literatures reflecting the essence of the age because they can sufficiently prove it with only their lives, without any records or data. Therefore, it is significant that we pay attention to the Janryupa's literacy evidences and interpret them, because it is to search for the historical truth through the voice of winners and losers as well as the dead and the living under the circumstances that only ask for the responsibilities for waging war, evading any responsibilities for the loss or damage due to the war.

This paper classifies and investigates the symbolic meanings of 'island' and its spatial recognition in Korean modern poetry. It is rather conservative to say that research on 'islands' in Korean modern poetry is at the beginning stage reflecting geospatial recognition on them, when compared to researches on 'sea' in Korean novels. This research is, therefore, a kind of an attempt to propound ars poetica of islands in Korean modern poetry. It can be well read off that islands in Korean modern poetry show a wide spectrum of the spatial recognition and meaning: the subject of longing and loneliness, the place for healing and salvation, the space of alienated and barren life, the site of historical truth and environmental disruption, and the bridge of ontological understanding and opening. The understanding above, however, is all too common and resembles the spatial recognition and meaning of islands in literature up to now. Our current times request thus new understandings of islands. In this respect, Korean modern poetry should discuss and manage pending problems which islands of Korea undergo nowadays: ecosystem change of islands caused by climate change and marine pollution, environmental disruption and identity confusion of islands from building bridges to mainland, investigation on cultural archetypes of islands and their reservation, and ocean ecology under the sea.

We are in the midst of a global era. Korea, too, has entered a multicultural and multinational age, with several new foreign-neighbors appearing in Korean society today. However, the attitude of Koreans toward these foreigners, who have immigrated with longing and expectation for Korea, is far from hospitable. The Korean people’s hostility and orientalistic prejudice are manifested as epistemological and structural violence aimed at these foreign-neighbors. Discrimination and violence aimed at stranger-neighbors has become a core issue in Korean society today and Korean literature, too, has begun to show interest in this problem. The stranger-neighbors who have come into the spotlight in Korean literature are North Korean defectors, and migrant workers and wives from Southeast Asia. These two groups of people overcame all sorts of tribulations to come to Korea because they aspired for a Korean dream but experienced extremely inhuman and hostile prejudice after arriving here. Korean literature shows interest in these groups in two ways. The first focuses on showing how violent the prejudice toward these groups is and on discovering the source of this prejudice. Jeong Do-sang’s Wild Rose, Kang Young-sook’s Rina are representative examples that expose the fetishistic values that rate the exchangeable value of humans and the orientalistic pride and prejudice latent in Korean people’s consciousness. The second way actively explores ethics of the real that can overcome such irrational prejudices. Hwang Sok-yong’s Princess Bari and Park Bum-shin’s Namaste suggest the ethics of hospitality and the recovery of motherhood as ways of overcoming prejudices.

This article seeks to study ‘Fog’ of Hyeong-do Ki based on the cognitive poetics methodology. The poems of Hyeong-do Ki have its central axis on a poetic world of tragedy, which is interspersed with ‘death.’ ‘fog’ occupies a unique position, in which the poetic world of Hyeong-do Ki is aggregated. ‘fog’ is a poem that is excellent to show the attitude of perceiving the era and poetic world of Hyeong-do Ki. This article does not limit understanding Hyeong-do Ki’s poem to inquiring the prior researches. Yet, it suggests that there should be the various perspectives in reading poems. Such factor may allow the cognitive poetic methodology to provide diversity to reading Hyeong-do Ki’s poems. Of course, this article is not meant to deduct a new result by analyzing Hyeong-do Ki’s poem through the cognitive poetic methodology invoked in the article. The approach of prior researches that have sought to describe the poems of Hyeong-do Ki as ‘death,’ ‘isolation,’ or ‘fantasy’ are only different variation within the process; however, all these approaches can be agreed to have a similar result regarding the thematic consciousness of the poem or the poetic world of Hyeong-do Ki. The goal of this article is to engage in a discussion which is on an extension of the existing researches on ‘fog.’ In addition, it is to suggest a possibility of various reading approaches by examining whether reading poems may differ depending on personal and periodical situations from readers’ perspective. In Chapter 2, the reading of the poem ‘fog’ is examined in readers’ perspective through the deictic shift theory. Deictic shift in this poem is formed through perceptual, temporal, spatial, relational, and textual approaches; thus, this article will trace the process of understanding ‘fog’ by exploring the inside and outside the texts through deictic shift by readers. Chapter 3 reveals that the expressions of this poem are based on conceptual metaphor and the meaning of ‘fog’ is constructed through such metaphor. In addition, this article explains that ‘fog’ and ‘Gongjang’ have similarity based on attributes, and that this poem expands meaning through such similarity.

This writing aims at clarifying the meaning through the approach by dividing the narration composition of Lee, Byungju's『San-Ha』into record-based narration, an observer's narration and an intellectual's narration, in which a real person and events feature, and the narration of Lee, Jongmun who made a destiny out of desires and belief. Lee, Byungju utilized various discourses in a bid to come close to a fact when addressing history in his work『San-Ha』. Lee, Byungju embraced newspaper articles, testimonies, memos and diaries, etc. within his narration in an untouched state of their form, which intensified reliability in narration itself with the addition of the form of a writer's personal summing-up. Meanwhile, the narration of the writer Lee, Byungju's alter ego and also an intellectual Lee, Dongsik , who nicely exposes fence-sitting thoughts, plays a role in commenting on the dismal period and directly declaring Lee, Byungju's method of reading the era in person at the same time. This provides an opportunity to have a new understanding of history to readers. Here, through the narration by Lee, Jongmun, Lee, Byungju is showing the relationship of an influence of a desire and destiny having on a person's life. Lee, Jongmun appearing in 『San-Ha』is not a planned person in order to expose the aspect of corruption of the first Republic of Korea. Instead, it is learned that Lee, Jongmun's sense of the times is overlapped with the awareness of the times possessed by Lee, Dongsik who represented intellectuals of the day and a writer Lee, Byungju. What Lee, Byungju tried to show through the character named Lee, Jongmun is the relationship of the influence of a human's desire having on a human's life, which forms juxtaposition with the narration of a historical figure-Synman Rhee, being expanded into the testimony of the times from a personal matter in its meaning. It means that what moves history might be a personal desire other than a person's sacrifice or mission dedicating oneself to national development. After all, the multi-layered narration of 『San-Ha』comes to play a role in exposing Lee, Byungju's awareness of the method, through which history forms, in addition to the meaning that the multi-layered narration is the record of history itself.

The aim of this study was to find ways of vocabulary education relating to the recent studies of vocabulary education in the field of Korean Language Education and the problems that vocabulary education has. Until now, vocabulary education has been discussed in the area of grammar of Korean Language Education, especially in the aspect of cognition. This study put emphasis on the affective aspect of it which is helpful for learners to understand various meanings of vocabulary, and finally suggest ways to integrate grammar and literature based on the texts of literature. The texts from Hwa-sa-Jip written by Midang Jeongju Seo were used as examples for this study. Usually, grammatical elements in poems are used to emphasize a special meaning, or to express the mental state or purpose of a poetic narrator, or to make an effect on the tone of the poetic narrator. Therefore, grammatical principles of everyday language can be easily understood through the understanding of grammatical principles in the poem, and the intention and emotion of the writer can be shared. This study valued Hwa-sa-Jip in a refreshing way as an text in school education, and had significance for suggesting concrete ways of learning activities of vocabulary education.

The study is to develop a model-site hands-on writing off the writing style of the text-based. Meanwhile, our writing education is difficult to overcome the limits of 'class' and 'Text'. In this study, focusing on participation of students, based on local cultural content was to try writing utilizing the senses such as feel heard reports directly to the site. Writing in the field, unlike oriented writing style will be conducted on- before the actual tour, during actual tour, and after actual tour. In the process, students will experience re-interpretation of the text, direct experience of the field, a modern interpretation of cultural content and collective writing. Participating students can get a chance to shed their imagination and creativity to take advantage of the sense of individual and collective in the writing process. Also, participating students can be faced with a problem they are facing and reflect on themselves through the writing. This is possible because it provides a way to develop in a mutually reinforcing way and their inner healing hands-on writing. Therefore, based on the culture of hands-on writing content will be an opportunity leading to a fundamental change in the culture of writing text-based.