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There are eight pavilions along the Tamjin River of Jangheung. They are Changnang Pavilion, Sain Pavilion, Dokchui Pavilion, Buchun Pavilion, Dongbaek Pavilion, Yongho Pavilion, Gyeongho Pavilion, and Yeonggui Pavilion. All of the eight pavilions were constructed in early Joseon Dynasty, but lost until they were rebuilt around the 19th Century. Many literature activities began at that time to produce many literary tablets. This study was conducted to clarify the literary substantiation and significance of these tablets. The tablets of essays and poetry showed that the Tamjin River was valued as equally important as the Dongjiang River or Kisu of China and The surroundings were also referred to as Mt. Buchun and Muwoo. Here, we can see an aspect of literature. Based on an analysis of literary tablets, the substance and significance of pavilions along the Tamjin River within local literature are as follows: First, the eight pavilions were used for literary networks beyond the solidarity of local clans. This is proven by the poetry societies that promoted the eight pavilions one by one. The societies include: Nanjeonghoe, Pungyeonggye, Sangyeonggye, Jeongsagye, Hyangsahoe, Nagyanghoe, Jukgyehoe, Yangsagye, and Gangchingye. The writers who participated in those societies organized a literary community. Second, local writers promoted their literary activities using the eight pavilions as their secluded hideouts. In the 19th century, the local region was very actively engaged in society, but the tablets of the writers who visited the eight pavilions did not show this tendency. This was a paradox to escape from the reality. Third, most poems described the mountains and rivers around the pavilions with rather factual depictions. The writers became one with nature within the literary space of the riverside pavilions despite the fast-paced social circumstances of the 19th century. The poetry depicting the eight pavilions existed as differentiated local literature of a community. In order to identify the substance and significance of local literature, it is necessary to divide the region into several towns and study each genre, time, and writer separately to combine and compare the findings. In this respect, the findings of this study would be critical for identifying the local literature of Jangheung.

The publication of a newspaper magazine medium has a decisive influence on the literary production and enjoyment in the modern times. This implies that it is necessary in studying Korean regional literature to draw the cultural map which is made of all the magazine media. For the first half of the 20th century various magazine media had played the vehicle role of literary struggles among the writers in Busan-Gyeongnam province. In other words, literary media had been in the core of local literary societies or associations. Thus, this study aims to elucidate the reality and history of relations between literary media and regional literature for further studies on the characteristics of literary works and writers’ life in the same area. The results of this study are as follows: 1. In the area had there been various literary media. Every medium was published by a specific writer and it played the role of vehicle through which writers presented literary works that suited to the publisher’s taste or emotion during the period under the Japanese colonial rule of Korea. Thus, most the literary activities during the period could be evaluated as those of the like-minded literary society or circle. There was an exceptional city in which several literary media had conveyed non-regional writers whose basis were in Seoul. 2. There was a notable change on the characteristics of those literary media during the Liberation period. Most publishers and their followers had used their own literary media as the vehicle of ideological struggle against those who were standing on the opponent point of politics, as well as the taste or knowledge about literature. Thus, most the literary activities during the period could be evaluated as those of literary media struggle among the different-minded literary associates. In other words,literary media had played the vehicle of aggravating the ideological division of Korean people, especially the local residents. These results could be helpful for us to cultivate a new vision of approach to the Busan & Gyeongnam’s regional literature.

This study is to clarify why six kinds of Korean classical novels were published in this region. therefore, we want to investigate the geographical and cultural background of ‘gwigok’, ‘gwidong’, and ‘bongseong’in the printed records of the editions. Because ‘gwidong’ is similar in pronunciation to ‘guseogri’, it was treated as ‘wannam guseogri’. it misreads the ‘gwigok’ in byeolweolbonggi as ‘seoggugok’, a nearby village. so, ‘gwigok’ until recently was known as ‘weonseoggu’ village. ‘bongseong’ was located in the area adjacent to‘gwidong’. the history, culture and geographical conditions of ‘bongseung’became the driving force for the production of books here. in this study, it is revealed that ‘gwigok’ and ‘gwidong’ in the publication record are‘gwiamgol’ villages in Wanju area. For the study of place names in publishing records, the history, culture, and geographical background of the region should be examined first. it is a necessary thing to understand the background in which the wanpanbon korean classic novel is published.

This study is about looking at the characteristics and meanings of the scenario “Park, Yeo-Nam” ( “Joseon Movie”, 1960. 11-12) by the procommunist artist known as the critic, Yun Se-Pyeong. There are three characteristics in his scenario. First, the scenario criticizes an old idea of a feudal aristocratic class in the late Joseon Period by controlling the speed of narration in progress. Second, the scenario also features their new economy of communists in the Cheollima period through positive characters in his scenario. Third, it reflects Park, Yeo-Nam’s Public love through the main character’s voice in his scenario “Park, Yeo-Nam”, the tale, and the characters give a talk. Based on the preceding discussion, looking at the meaning of our literary history, scenario “Park Yeo-Nam” are as in the following. First, it could be an artistic historical records from the point of view of the North Korean classical literature and interpretation. Second, it is a literary work in the Chollima period that showed a typical of communist party. Third, it gives meaning to a work that provided the North Korean literature continuity, especially the study of North Korea’s performing arts. Yoon Se-pyeong’s unknown life during the North Korean empire period and his extensive literature activities are our precious data that we all have to embrace, collect and preserve. In many years to come, hope to proceed an in-depth study about Yoon Se-pyeong’s life and literature.

This paper illuminates how the life and consciousness of minorities are shaped under the capitalist rule. Thus, for this study, we measured the value of the poetic meaning. Minority in their poetry testifies to the negativity of the system, revealing the power of the powerful. And through this, we want to acquire subjectivity in the process of ethical reflection. Poets seek new frameworks of solidarity based on ethics and subjectivity. There by resisting symbolic manipulation, an important feature of modern politics. As Adorno has argued, lyrical poetry is inherently social. Lyrical poetry is an historical product reflecting society. Therefore, the autonomy of poetry should be focused on history, society, and a realistic foundation. From this point of view, this paper studies the characteristics of minority poetry in relation to globalization. Minorities are those individuals who have been deported to the periphery of the capitalist system. The life of a person in a minority is close to a tragic destiny. The poetic interest in people in a minority thus directs the situation of inequality and alienation, oppression and exploitation, absurdity and contradiction, exclusion and discrimination. The poets of social imagination related to minority are very cynical and critical. We should pay attention to the problems caused by capitalism with a resistive and reflective attitude. Minority poetry exposes aspects of oppression and alienation, absurdity and contradiction, exclusion and discrimination, inequality and exploitation, oppression and violence.

Early poetry of Lee Kwang-woong shows romantic adoration(동경) for 'fantasy' to overcome existential 'anxiety'(불안). In particular, Lee Kwang-woong uses the symbolic image of 'sunshine(light)' to erase the boundary between reality and fantasy. It is a way for Lee Kwang-woong to aesthetically resolve his ontological 'anxiety'. His romantic worldview passes through the violence of the state power and is fatal. Lee Kwang-woong embodies such inner remarks with poetic utterances. Thus, it goes beyond the individual's romantic adoration to face the socio-historical reality and romantically projects its imaginary composition. This view seems to be far removed from the poetic struggle that the 1980s had asked for. However, considering the 1980s when the relief of The People(민중), The Nation(민족), and The Struggle(투쟁) took precedence, Lee Kwang-woong's poetry seemed to walk silently toward the romantic longing world in self-reflection.

We have seen that the ‘speaking subject’ in Kim’s works is considered as a ‘poetic narrator’ and the poet herself in many discourses about Kim’s poetry. The descriptor in the work is a narrator and the descriptor outside of the work is a poet; these two share roles to create poetic statements, which is the process of a poet performing articulation in the persona of a narrator. Therefore, the ‘speaking subject’ shows the poet’s world-view through the narrator who speaks in the poem. This paper aims to focus on the psychological conflict of the ‘speaking subject’ shown in Kim’s autobiographical works. Kim is one of the first female poets who actively recognized narcissism and free will as a modern woman and a pioneer of modern literature. Historically, Kim was under harsh circumstances, which was a positive momentum for her to dedicate herself to writing. Kim seems to have devoted herself actively to literature in order to bail out from the tyranny of modern male intellectuals and from the victim mentality caused by her origin. The conflict aspects of the ‘speaking agent’ appears as a monologue in anguish directed internally in early periods, but they become aggressive and show anger in the voice of the ‘speaking agent’ to the external world after the middle periods. This is not because of her amateurishness but because of her strategy. It would not have been as easy for her to show the painful reality like her origin or date rape as it is in her poetry. Instead, she chooses to show the common aspects of the experiences repeatedly to remind the readers of her situation so that her works can constantly demure the malicious views and discourses. It seems that Kim tried to overcome the situation by expressing her will of creation conceived from by her fate. After the middle periods, her poetry shows the conflicts of her identity as a citizen of Japanese colony, which appears as self-isolation and self-negation. This can be interpreted as a defense mechanism, expressing her experiences honestly in order to be confident. She went one step further and showed pity and regret for her mother, whom she denied as her origin, to return to her maternal instinct as a way to self-salvation. This indomitable will of the ‘speaking agent’ functions as a motive to survive the difficulties of her time.

This paper aims to explore the meaning of desire in novel education. Desire exists in human life. It was considered during the pre-modern times that desire was a thing to be controlled, but desire should be considered as a natural thing rather than just trying to control it because it inevitably occurs in human life and is made to function properly in our lives. In this paper, the purpose is to understand desire focusing on two major theories: Jacques Lacan’s desire theory, in which he saw desire from the relationship with others, and René Girard’s desire that occurred by imitating others’ desire. In addition, based on these desire theories, this paper analyzes in which patterns desire is revealed in novels, centering on Park Wan-Seo’s The Dreaming Incubator , from two different desire perspectives: desire that was made in the relationship with others and desire that was made by imitating a mediator. This paper aims to reveal the meaning of desire in terms of novel education by exploring the educational meaning of desire in novel education from two desire perspectives: a new understanding process of desire and a separation process of desire into other’s and my own desire.

The subject of this study is the arrangement of the works for the publication of Garam Lee Byeong-gi’s complete works and the direction for developing the study of Garam. The publication of Garam Lee Byeonggi’s complete works is to investigate, collect, arrange, and publish all his works that he wrote during in his lifetime, that is, all his separated volumes and all materials that were published in newspapers and magazines. Garam Lee Byeong-gi’s complete works will be published in October 2017. The volumes that will be published in Garam Lee Byeong-gi’s complete works are two sijo collections, a volume of sijo theory, a volume of Korean literature history, a volume of an outline of Korean literature, eight annotated books, six translation books and the selections, 11 textbooks, two bibliography, one history book for children, the handwritten diaries (49 notebooks), and one notebook of archaic words. They are in total 35 kinds of books. Also, if about 850 writings published in over 118 newspapers, magazines, and scholarly journals and 47 school songs are added, all materials amount to about 930 pieces of writing. These vast and different works will be printed in compilation which will be made up of all 25 volumes, The publication of complete works and the result of this study will be the foundation of the study of Garam, allowing the whole aspect of Garam’s writings to be grasped. Thereby, we will be able to discuss the world of learning, so-called the study of Garam in earnest, The study of Garam helps to secure the opportunity to search the independent Korean studies and literature in 21st century and activate the convergent study of centering the Korean language and literature. Also, the popularization of the study of Garam makes it possible to use culture contents with unlimited knowledge and imagination

A certain segment was often inserted in order to increase the easiness of articulation and the preservation of morphemes. In MK, the uvular ‘ㆁ’(/ɴ/) was used as an epenthesis because uvular nasal did not damage the distinctness of the surrouding segments. Unlike the other consonants, the weakest /ɴ/ was adequate to insert. Even if the inserted /ɴ/ occurred the nasalization of segments in this neighborhood, it did not disrupt the original meanings of morphemes because the oral vowel was contrastively not distinguished from the nasal vowel in the MK vowel system. Therefore the uvular ‘ㆁ’(/ɴ/) could be inserted as an epenthesis only before rising of the place of articulation diachronically from the uvular to the soft palate.

‘Korean Schools’ have the largest number of institutions and the widest number of distribution areas in charge of Korean language education. In particular, Europe is characterized by the fact that overseas Koreans are not scattered in specific countries but spread out widely. Originally, the Korean School was an educational institution established to educate overseas Koreans ‘Korean identity’ through Korean, Korean history and Korean culture education. It is reasonable to investigate the actual condition of ‘Korean Schools,’ which were widely distributed at the time the Korean education brand was integrated into ‘Sejonghakdang’, and how to effectively teach Korean language, Korean history, and Korean culture based on this. This study proposes a management model for the effective operation of ‘Hangul Schools’ based on the actual research. This model may be depicted as a 'circular' structure, in terms of how the curriculum, the contents and methods of education are strengthened and in terms of operation. It was designed to help the independent schools of Korean. If the Korean schools are managed and developed with this management model, the Korean school will be able to become an educational institution playing a major role in learning Korean language and strengthening Korean identity of overseas Koreans.

Digital texts combining various modes are currently being produced with the development of mobile technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate forms and characters of texts in slides, which are generally used in mobile circumstances these days. Texts in slides are an optimized solution for the mobile environment. Unlike analog texts, texts in slides consist of visual images which have no connection to text of characters, or links to YouTube videos, and so on. Reading texts in slides, can be understood as a form of tactile-vision in that one needs to use not only visual sense, but also tactile sense. The background appearance of the slide-type text is remediation of form, reprocessing of information and knowledge, connection with characteristics of a domestic portal site, affinity with <Knowledge channel e>. Several contents are consumed in a short time and the degree of consuming contents is decided by the choice and preference of the audience in a mobile circumstance. Texts in slides, which can be moved from left-right or top-bottom have an advantage in visualization of information in this system of content-consuming. This is a reason for utilizing texts in slides in portal sites and press sites. Audiences can acquire information effectively and accept messages impressively in a multi-modal text, texts in slide, mobile circumstance, tactile-vision, digital reading-composition

This study aims to reveal the tangible aspects of the young generation discourse during the liberation period through the national Korean textbooks published in that period. During the liberation period, the Korean language gained the status of national language and became synonymous with the national identity. Based on this assumption, this study examines the young generation discourse that policy-led entities sought to shape through the middle school Korean textbooks. Looking at the text in the middle school Korean textbooks, the young generation discourse at that time may be revealed in three directions. The first direction was to restore tradition and traditional culture, which is the basis of establishing a new nation state. The second direction was to present the virtues that leaders of reconstructing national community should have. The third direction is to present the ethnic community in pure unity.