KJC Korea
Journal Central

There are differences in economic, geographical, and social conditions in Korea, and for this reason, there are different characteristics in each region. Whatever the comparative object is, some areas are relatively well structured, while others are relatively inferior. The study of the relative differences in these regions has been progressed in various ways, but the study on the development of indicators that can evaluate the relative SOC stock level in aspect of transportation is the initial step. The study showed that the total average level focusing on road facilities, which is the base of ground transportation among the SOC fields in Korea, is derived from the domestic level of road stock in each region by using socioeconomic indicators and the deviation between actual road stocks and expectations were estimate the road level in each region. The total length of the roads and the extension of the pavement of the roads were set as a dependent variable for a total of 226 administrative districts of the nation and we set up a model that can calculate the facility level of road stock for each administrative district. As an independent variable, we set the variables that can represent the economic, geographical, and social conditions of the whole country. The domestic average trend line of the road extension, which is regressed by population, area, number of establishments, number of employees, was found and the position of each relevant location was ranked. As a result of the analysis, the model with the extension of the pavement of the roads excluding highway showed the best fit and explanatory power of the model, and the administrative area, the urban area, the local government budget of scale, and the number of the workers were influential variables. In addition, implications were derived through comparison between the ranks which results from satisfaction ratio and ranks of ratio of the roads which is an existing road related indicator. The results of this paper are expected to be of academic value in that the differences were identified in the level of road facilities by using various socioeconomic indicators. Also, it will be a policy reference to establish a comprehensive master plan when selecting investment priorities for road projects on the basis of ranks of satisfaction ratio for road facilities.

The issues regarding technological development and real-world driving of autonomous vehicles become heated recently at home and abroad. There is a variety of published research on how vehicle automation impacts on our future society. Most of those researches take a conceptual approach, while much less attention has been given to the empirical analysis on that matter. This study aims to conduct a literature review and to forecast changes in travel demand from a transportation planning perspective. This study quantitatively analyzes the benefit of more autonomous vehicle on the road in reducing accident costs and relieving traffic congestion. These effects are turn out to be larger in the case of congested urban areas such as Seoul Metropolitan Area in terms of cost-effectiveness. This study finds its meaning in that it provides numerical evidence of autonomous vehicle’s impacts and can be used as a reference for long-term policies with regard to autonomous vehicles.

Over the last couple of decades, the share of middle class jobs has shrunk with the relative expansion of the low or high class jobs. This study aims to examine the impact of technical change, in particular automation technology, on decline in middle class jobs at the level of 121 local labor market areas in Korea for the period 2000~2010. Applying a latent growth modeling approach, we test the hypothesis that local labor markets specialized in routine tasks have experienced the rapid decline in middle class jobs. As a result, decline in middle class jobs is commonly found among the local labor markets. We also confirm that the local labor markets with initially higher routine task specialization have experienced the larger subsequent declines in middle class jobs. The main contribution of our paper is to analyze the differential effect of automation technology on job structure at the local labor markets.

Community-led urban regeneration in Korea has received great attention as an alternative to large-scale urban redevelopment. Since it is still its infancy, there is not enough reference point for community participation and governance structure. Notably, more research on community enterprise is needed since it plays a significant role in community-led urban regeneration. This research attempts to analyze the role and limitation of community enterprise through a case study of Shoreditch in London where community-led urban regeneration called New Deal for Communities(NDC) took place. Shoreditch Trust was the leading agency which initiated NDC based on community voice and still exists as the legacy of NDC. However, it has been criticized as it lost connection with the community. For sustainable community-led urban regeneration, it is crucial to have a monitoring system to make a balance between communities and community enterprise and empower communities to manage their problems by themselves in the long run. In order to this, communities should be given an opportunity to run urban regeneration.

The main purpose of this study is to suggest policy implications how to reinforce the publicness of the amusement park as an urban planning facility. To diagnose and resolve the publicness issues of the amusement park, this study conducts survey whether totally 211 amusement parks nationwide are operating in accordance with the legal purpose and examines judicial precedents on the publicness of the amusement park. Furthermore, this study compares the amusement park and functionally similar facilities focusing on the installation criteria of sub-facilities and then examines the possibilities of replacing the ‘amusement park’ with these similar facilities such as ‘urban park’, ‘natural recreation forest’, ‘tourist complex’, as well. The survey results show that minor changes in the sub-facility plans of the amusement park have been frequently occurred after determination of urban planning facility although only a small portion of amusement parks is designated to ‘tourist destination’ or ‘tourism complex’ redundantly and some sub-facilities such as accommodation facilities were sold in lots or open to members only. The comparative analysis results explain that the amusement park is more vulnerable to the publicness issues because there is neither mandatory sub-facilities nor restriction on the scale of sub-facilities in case of the amusement park. Therefore, it is necessary to revise current regulations on the amusement park so as to set the required main sub-facilities and to restrict the installation of sub-facilities without publicness while restricting minor changes after determination as an urban planning facility.

Panel survey data basically provide useful information such as movement and status change of households because the same subject is repeatedly investigated by follow-up studies. However, making a history data containing the dynamics of household or individual requires the expertise and compactness in the data management. In this study, we describe the process of building residential history data based on Korean Labor & Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data. It is expected that this history data will be a useful asset for related researchers. In order to examine the completeness and applicability of developed data, we present the estimation results of the survival analysis model of residential duration influenced by the characteristics of household and residence. Empirical evidence from the shared-frailty survival model shows that age and education level of household head, household income, the number of children under high school and the non-metropolitan residence variable yield the positive effect of increasing the residential duration in a specific residence. Meanwhile, the effect of marital status and rental household is negatively associated with the duration. Step-by-step explanation for the building process of residential history data can be used as a guide for reference and practical assistance in creating similar types of historical data.

Inbound and outbound traffic volume in Seoul is quite different by time and by direction. The difference is so conspicuous in tolled Umyeonsan tunnel that the inbound traffic volume is higher than the outbound one during 16 hours in a day. Inbound car users are willing to pay toll fee to save travel time, while outbound car users are reluctant to pay toll fee because the need to save travel time is not big enough and other neighboring roads are not so congested. The traffic volume by direction in tolled roads depends not only upon trip purpose but also upon congestion in neighboring roads so that it is necessary to consider these road characteristics, when assigning O/D and forecasting traffic volume in roads. In reality, however, it is mostly to use peak and off-peak O/D, which is established from one-day O/D and its traffic volume proportion in those time periods. So the peak and off-peak O/D do not reflect the difference between produced and attracted trips in most zones in those time periods. This study suggests that the combined O/D, which reflects the difference between produced and attracted linked trips of each zone in most zones, should be used to forecast traffic volume by direction in Seoul. When the combined unlinked and linked O/D is established and used to forecast the traffic volume in Umyeonsan tunnel and neighboring roads, its forecasting reliability could be much improved.

The purpose of this research is to reconstruct the cityscape of old town in Cheorwon by restoring place memory. The study will re-imagine and re-tell the story of everyday life on this lost city. Biblical research on the historical records of Japanese colonial era, field work and interviews of local residents were executed. As a result, old town in Cheorwon was portrayed to be a place of memories in where we could observe the process of city development and everyday life during the Japanese colonial time. Moreover, the unique characteristics city life in old town before the Korean War was found. Cheorwon station connecting Kyungwon-Line and Electrical railway to Mt.Geumgang, cultural facilities such as church and theater, and administration offices symbolizing the change of ruling ideology were main site for case study. Finally, several strategies of reviving of the place memory will be suggested.

This study aims to show how collaborative governance works for community-based urban regeneration. The Greater University Circle Initiative(GUCI) in Cleveland is obviously a different case from common public-led community development strategy in that it was launched by community stakeholders. We employed the theoretical model for collaborative governance to analyze key factors and processes that enabled GUCI to grow using within-case analysis and process-tracing methods. Since its beginning in 2005, GUCI has tried to improve the disinvested and deteriorated area by a variety of urban projects using local resources and embedded knowledge. Locally-based agencies such as community foundations and anchor institutions have been major force in designing the long-term regeneration strategy of GUCI. Moreover, diverse community organizations and civic associations have successfully engaged local residents to actively participate in the decision-making process and grassroots network. They served as a crucial channel for the preferences of community members to be reflected in urban planning process. The outcome of this research demonstrates the sucess of collaborative governance in urban regeneration depends on empowering as many local stakeholders as possible and building community wealth based on public-private collaboration and cross-sector partnership.

This study analyzed the effects of a neighborhood design workshop with children on their neighborhood perception, spatial recognition and neighborhood attachment. The workshop was conducted with Kae-myong elementary school students in Seoul. The study methods were composed of questionnaire surveys, participant interviews, mind mapping, and landscape montage technique. Key findings are as follows. First, the results of the surveys indicated that the children’s neighborhood perception level was increased by 0.75 points after neighborhood design workshop. In addition, 28.57% of the children reported the increase of neighborhood perception during in-depth interviews. Second, children’s neighborhood recognition range and their basic ability of spatial recognition were increased. Particularly, children’s spatial recognition level was increased by 0.94 points after their participation in drawing activities with landscape montage technique. Lastly, the results of the surveys indicated that the children’s neighborhood attachment level increased about 0.39 points and 69.70% of the children reported increase in their neighborhood attachment level.

The rising concerns about housing management fee appear to focus on fraud detection, ignoring value neutral analysis, which motivates this study to identify factors affecting housing management fee within objective analysis framework. The data used in the study are monthly maintenance fees which are nested in the APT complexes as well as in the measurement period of month. We employed a multilevel modeling approach taking account of the spatio-temporal cross-nested structure of data, and chose to apply the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm(HMC), one of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) numerical techniques, to estimate parameter values in the multilevel model. Analysis results indicate that seasonality is one of the maintenance fee determinants. Private utility fee, one component of the maintenance fee, shows a particularly apparent seasonality. The traits of APT complexes that go unmeasured are found to be extremely strong determinants of the maintenance fee; geographical location, building layout and other various factors that are not available or cannot be measured are all examples of the traits of APT complexes. We identified that the households per building is an important management fee-increasing factor. Finally, scale of housing estate and property age are also revealed to be determinants of the maintenance fee. The interaction effect of the two determinants showed that property age impact, representing building deterioration, is more apparent in large housing estate than in small one.

According to the prior researches concerning the effects of homeownership, its has a positive effect on the wellbeing of household. Household who own a house may feel more happiness, self esteem compared with rented one. In theoretical viewpoints, homeowners invest more than renters to the neighborhood and they learn by doing through owning a home. This study may be the first one that evaluate parents’ homeowneship effects on their offsprings’ academic performance under korean circumstances. After controlling other status, parents homeownership was a meaning factors in son’s academic performance and behavior. This study found out genuin benefits of homewonership through empirical research focusing on academic performance and deviant behavior. According to the youth panel, parental homeownership represented to have a significant effects on academic performance especially achievement of the english and math subject but homeownership of parents haven’t a significant effect on the deviant behavior of its offsprings. Although this study couldn’t solve statistical problems like endogeneity because of data limitation, it is the first research in this field, so it can be a start point in considering reasonable total benefits of homeownership policy.