Urban Restructuring and Governance:
A Comparative Study of Pittsburgh and Detroit

HYUNG JE JO

This paper studies urban restructuring of two American industrial cities, that is, Pittsburgh and Detroit, focused on a concept of governance. This paper tries to explain why Pittsburgh has shown different path and social results of urban restructuring, compared with Detroit. Since 1970, Pittsburgh has succeeded in regenerating central business district and improving the economic condition of neighborhoods. In contrast to Pittsburgh, Detroit has failed to regenerate central business district, even though major resources of city government has been inputted on it. In addition to this, Pittsburgh has shown better social results in terms of income level, unemployment rate, and poverty ratio, compared to Detroit. This paper adopts an analytical scheme that combines structural variables with actor variables to explain differences of urban restructuring. This paper is distinguished in considering following variables. First, this paper considers social factor(= race), and institutional and cultural factor(= political arena) besides economic factor(= strength of main industry) among structural variables. Second, this paper shows that specific type of governance is a main variable to explain differences of urban restructuring. Governance is composed of various actors who actively responds to the crisis of the cities. In conclusion, under specific structural conditions, the characteristics of governance that is composed of actors deeply influence a path and social results of urban restructuring. This suggests for Korean cases in that urban restructuring depends upon how governance is formed under specific structural conditions.

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