The Origin and Development of Activist Art․Design : Focusing on Historical Situations and Events

Young-Chul Kim

doi:10.17527/JASA.58.0.04

The Journal of Aesthetics and Science of Art

Abbr : JASA
2019, 58(), pp.103-131
DOI :10.17527/JASA.58.0.04
Publisher : 한국미학예술학회
Research Area : Other Arts and Kinesiology

Young-Chul Kim ¹

¹ 홍익대학교

ABSTRACT

This is a historical study on ‘activist art and design’. First, the art movement and design movement are researched to comprehend the characteristics and trends of activist art and design. The characteristics and trends of the art field were understood avant-garde art movement of the early 20th century, and the design field were understood in the social ideology and practice of modern design. The characteristics of activist art found in the avant-garde art movement were derived from ‘social alienation’, and the attitude to resist or overcome this appeared as the tendency of 'critical-total negation' against the existing domination form. Second, ‘counterculture movement’ and ‘environmental and anti-consumerism movement’ of the 1960s were researched to comprehend the specific objects of activist art and design. The resistance culture movement tried the structural change in social culture including the existing art viewpoints as awareness of problems about civil rights․human rights․the disadvantaged and problems about antiwar․anti-imperialism․the third world․locality. The environmental and anti-consumerism movement's objects were the structural problems about the earth's ecological environment and postcapitalism system. Third, ‘Korea's Social Change Movement & National People Art Movement of 1980s’ and ‘Korea's Post-industrial Society and Visual Culture Movement of 1990s’ were researched for understanding of the advent of the activist art and design in Korea. In Korea's Social Change Movement & National People Art Movement, there was serious discussion on how Korea's art relates the society, and how it is involved with the society. In Korea's Post-industrial Society and Visual Culture Movement, public communication, or furthermore the importance of communication methods was highlighted. In conclusion, today's society urgently demands the critical thinking and practical alternative about art and design. That's because countries in the world including Korea need proper buffer and solution for social and cultural conflicts that all of them experience.
KEYWORDS

activism , activist art , counterculture , critical art , social design
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