KJC Korea
Journal Central

This article cites specific examples of the initial Yi (疑) as transcribed in mid-16th century Korean texts such as Saseongtonghae (四聲通解), Beonyeok Nogeoldae (飜譯老乞大), and Beonyeok Baktongsa (飜譯朴通事) and reconsiders the reflexes of early Mandarin in such texts. The initial Yi (疑) had already changed from a velar nasal to a zero-initial sound in early Mandarin in the northern region of China, but this change was not reflected in its entirety in Korean transcriptions, except sporadically in a few characters. In addition, the Korean texts of that period were transcribed using either ᅌ<ŋ> or ᄋ<Ø>. Contrary to expectations, the transcribed material in mid-16th century Korean texts does not contain the complete set—a range of codas and all characters in the initial category—required to observe the phonological changes in early Mandarin. Korean texts, therefore, can only serve as additional circumstantial evidence for the phonological changes in early Mandarin.

This study attempts to analyze the difference in the meaning of “喜”, “樂”, “快”, “歡”, and the characteristics of use as morpheme represented by “喜”, “樂”, “快”, “歡”, when they mean “Delighted". First, the study examines ancient dictionaries and early examples to confirm the original meaning of “喜”, “樂”, “快”, “歡”, and it analyzes the characteristics of the meaning of “Delighted” represented by “喜”, “樂”, “快”, “歡" through the examples of various periods. And it analyzes the use of “喜”, “樂”, “快”, “歡” as a morpheme in modern Chinese words. To this end, it attempts to compare the characteristics of the word structure and the tendency of syllable position that appear when “喜”, “樂”, “快”“歡” are used as a morpheme in the meaning of “Delighted”.

With the continuous change of Chinese feudal dynasties, under the influence of history and culture, the Stereotyped writing literary style has witnessed the development of Chinese history、culture and literature. Also, it has witnessed the development and changes of rhetoric. The development of the history of Chinese rhetoric is inseparable from the formation of the Stereotyped writing. It is a product under the influence of Chinese history and has a deep origin. From the perspective of rhetoric, it is the carrier of the application of rhetorical knowledge. Although it has been replaced by modern vernacular, it still has positive practical significance. This article excerpts two stereotyped writings from Ming and Qing dynasties. From the perspective of rhetoric, we simply tried to analyze the general categories of rhetorical figures and the application of rhetorical skills contained in the article. We found that the knowledge of rhetoric was displayed everywhere in the process of creating the Stereotyped writing, ranging from literary creation to short dialogues. The use of rhetorical skills not only helped us to understand the knowledge of ancient rhetoric, but also had positive significance for us to understand the history of rhetoric. Even it has a strong guiding role for the creation of our modern vernacular writing.