KJC Korea
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This research examines the causal relationships among organizational culture, leadership(transformational, transactional), and organizational commitment by way of case study which is focusing a local government(Chonnam Provincial Office) in South Korea. Using a sample of 700 local government employees, this study analyses alternative hypotheses centering around job-related behavior variables mentioned above. To sum up this study briefly is as follows. First, group culture is positively related to transformational leadership. Then, transformational leadership is positively related to transactional leadership. Finally, transactional leadership is positively related to organizational commitment. In comparative analysis between the two sexes, this study clarifies the distinction between male and female. In the case of male, this research finds group culture is positively related to transformational leadership, transformational leadership positively related to transactional leadership, and transactional leadership positively related to organizational commitment. However, in the case of female, this study shows path analysis among group culture, transformational leadership, and transactional leadership is statistically significant. This study suggests the highest rank manager design thorough management strategy of organization having regard to male, female civil servant, respectively.

This paper examines the comparative effects of clan and innovation subculture on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job involvement respectively in central ministries of Korea. Based on the Organizational Diagnosis Survey 2005 with about 1,200 respondents from three ministries, which are the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Resources, and the Ministry of Information and Telecommunication, it analyses those effects by Standard Mixture Design due to the ipsative structure of the data. The result shows that while innovation culture is significantly related to job involvement, clan culture is significantly related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment. More importantly, the latter effect is proven significant at the working level subculture rather than at the managerial level subculture while the first effect is proven significant in both subcultures. Also, the latter effect is proven significant in line departments rather than in staff departments while the first effect is proven significant in both subcultures but the size of the effect is larger in line rather than staff departments. These results imply that government innovation should be accompanied by the corresponding cultural changes to the different effects of clan and innovation subcultures on public servants' job behaviors or attitudes.

Invisible resources have been utilized in various aspects for the management of public organizations. Knowledge asset has powerful potentiality for the public management especially in the era of small government. This article attempts to diagnose the level of knowledge management adopting the knowledge management index. It is described that how the knowledge management index has been developed and what it means. As the results of quantitative analysis, it is observed each agency in the central government has achieved different level of knowledge management since it launched the efforts toward effective knowledge management. Effective strategies for knowledge management for the public sector are suggested based on the results of diagnosis.

Mentoring as a knowledge transfer and translation is useful for newcomers to organizations. Newcomers could get formal and tacit knowledge through mentoring in organization context. Mentoring is good for individuals' career development and psychological support. It is also important for organizational effectiveness. Through mentoring relationships, mentor and mentee interact for knowledge transfer, which is important to them for fulfilling their needs and organizational success as a whole. On this position, this study was to investigate differences between public and private organizations in structure, process, and functional effectiveness of mentoring relationships. From outcomes of our study, we gained several informations about similarities and differences between two sectors. And for preparing formal mentoring program in public sector, some policy implications were discussed.

This study aims to explore the following several questions: Which degree of rationality budget officials do budgeting work in? Which decision-making model is close to their budgeting behaviors? Which of the two Rationality and Incrementalism models is more valid in explaining real-world budgeting? It divides budgeting processes into two stages according to the Wildavsky's category: guardian side and advocate side. Data were collected by open in-depth face-to-face interviews. The interviewee is a fire-fighting officer of the Gyonggi Prefecture, who has been in charge of budgeting. Results show that in the guardian side the officer often uses the strategies of calculating by algorithm, depending on the policy guidelines from superiors, turning review works over to street-level fire stations, and bargaining/compromising. On the other hand, in the advocate side, his main strategies were persuading rationally, lowering expectation level, depending on the policy guidelines, and approaching through personal network.

This paper explores how fair trade regulatory regimes might achieve comparable or higher levels of market competitiveness at lower social compliance costs. It focused on an investigation of the different ways in which the fair trade regulations are designed and implemented in the Korea, Japan and U.S. in order to identify what actually contribute to the better fair trade regulations. Results from the comparative study highlight two essential components of regulatory regimes are identified : fair trade regulatory framework and its implementation structure (crime control mode vs. due process mode). Based on an comparative study of the three countries the fair trade regulatory regime can be divided into four quadrants on the basis of two variables. The taxonomy of fair trade regulatory regime can be a reference point for identifying the relative status of Korea's regime, compared with those of the US and Japan, and put forwards some policy implications for the creation of an fair and effective regulatory regime in Korea.

UK and France are remarkably different form each other in administering executive agencies, due to the difference of administrative systems. With regard to UK’s Executive Agency and France’s Centre de Responsabilité, the background of introduction is different in realistic factors and theoretical factors. UK regards Executive Agency as a measure of administrative reformation. On the other hand, France considers Centre de Responsabilité as the change of administrative system. UK was directly influenced by New Public Management, but France has been partially influenced by the system. Considering the characteristics of two agencies, UK lays weight on the supplement of outside personages and quantitative values but France attaches importance to the supplement of insiders and qualitative values. UK’s Executive Agency is administered by Cabinet Office and HM Treasury, but France’s Centre de Responsabilité is administered by the offices concerned with general affairs budget. Also, two agencies differ in influence. Executive Agency has a great ripple effect on public sector, but Centre de Responsabilité is restrictive because it is administered at municipality level. Despite such differences, two agencies pursue the same purpose to improve the countermeasures of administrative service as well as the efficiency of public sector.

This article explains the difficulties of the incentive structure of local education governance in Korea. Recently, we had local educational autonomy law change to merge local education council to local assembly, and to have residents' general election for provincial educational chief and members of education council as well. But there are never ending conflict, non-compliance and constitutional law suit from the educational organizations, especially interest groups for education. We explains these difficulties through the non-cooperative game theory model and analyzes the impact of both governmental fiscal transfers, general and educational, on the equalization of localities fiscal resources. Nevertheless, for the enhancement of distributional efficiency, we have to design some stronger liason or merge of both fiscal intergovernmental transfers.

This study examined how we can set up a ‘good governance’ in the regional development policy where environmental affairs are critical. This paper chose three contemporary cases : 2 domestic ones and 1 foreign one. And then I investigated each case on the aspects of contents, cores, interaction in making ‘governance’. One is the reclamation of the sihwa lake in Ansan city, another is the waterfront development in Bristol city, England, the third is park construction in Jukjeon district in Yongin city. This paper relied on documents and interview. The study revealed that substantial discussion is more desirable for ‘good governance’, that construction company and experts are the core body for the governance. From the interaction analysis, this study also found cooperation between the interested bodies is important. Nonetheless it is more desirable to draw the conclusion by governance bodies for the responsible development. This study can suggest two policy tips. First, we should divide governance process as determination, discussion and hearing, and then grant each sub-process their role and responsibility. Second, it is important for citizen, company, and local government to get the ability for stable governance structure in the continuous process of urban development, management, and regeneration.