KJC Korea
Journal Central

Facing the changes in the macro environments, the Rho Tae-Woo administration had to do very difficult works at its onset. It had to retrench government organizations in some areas, but increase in others. However, the end results were no more than the bigger government than before and, curiously, the revamps came in 1989 and 1990 not 1988, the first year of the government. Specifically, only a few changes happened in 1989 and most revamps came in 1990. Even if these results can be explained from many viewpoints, this paper seeks the causes in macro-level environments, meso-level institutional contexts, and micro-level actors. It seems that the Rho administration intentionally didn't revamp the government organization in 1988 to avoid the dominant influences of the outgoing Chun administration. At the same time, it couldn’t find opportunities to revise the Government Organization Act because of the political situation in which the opposition parties tried to cleanse all the alleged problems of the former administration. In 1989, it had no choice but to revise the act by adding only a few trivial items to the bills that the opposition parties had proposed. They had to meet the strong demands of the opposition parties to a significant degree for its minority position in the national assembly and in order to pass other unsettled but crucial bills on political money, election, labor relations, and the public use of lands. In 1990, despite its super majority position in the national assembly, the Roh administration failed again to reform the government appropriately. The resistances of the interested forces and core actors’ weak will acted together to make the retrenchments of the government organizations impossible. Overall the reforms resulted in the increase of the government organizations.

Social conflicts have become increasingly pervasive in our daily lives and interactions, and have huge impacts on the socio-economic and political landscape. Lately, the level and magnitude of conflicts between government and the civil society has escalated as government policies are often associated with diverse interests. The Korean government is no exception. The Korean government’s conflict management capability is challenged for its inattention to social conflict issues, absence of effective conflict management, and lack of conflict management experts and educational programs. Above all, the significance of conflict management education and training for government officials has been by and large neglected by the government. Accordingly, little studies have examined the effectiveness of conflict management education and training for government officials. This lack of research may lead to a policy vacuum in this area. In this milieu, the Korea Institute of Public Administration has run a number of courses in the field of negotiation, mediation, and conflict management, commissioned by the prime minister’s office, in order to strengthen public officials’ conflict management capacity. This study is to probe what factors influence the effectiveness of the KIPA’s conflict management education programs and to draw policy implications for the future education for conflict management.

This study aims to find the best way to apply job analysis to performance evaluation, with focus on the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(MEST) . The job ranking and weighting of each department is based on a degree of perception on job importance, difficulty, expertise and scale of MEST's officials. This study presents a practical methodology that can be utilized as a switching element for organizational performance management. The connotations of this study are as follows. First, the method of job analysis can be used in case of ministries where it is difficult to apply the AHP method in organizations such as MEST with numerous departments. Second, the job recognition and involvement of public officials can be changed positively if job analysis is connected with performance evaluation. Third, this study can contribute rationally to the development of organization or personnel of ministries as MEST. Finally, this study is limited by the specific weakness of the perception survey on public officials who are likely to be exposed to the tendency of leniency, secrecy, departmentalism, etc. Therefore, further research in this area is needed.

This study intends to describe the details of institutional change in the total payroll cost system with some empirical evidence, and point out both of the structural change of institution and the incentive mechanism change of institutional actors as the reasons for the institutional change. In addition, this study uses integrative approach on institutional change and institutional reform to suggest some alternatives of institutional reform in total payroll cost system based on the direction and influencing factors of institutional change. As a result, it is found out that the institutional change of total payroll cost system can be used as a tool for government downsizing. Moreover that change is resulted from the emergence of new policy paradigm after change of government and the strategic interaction between monitoring agencies such as the MOPAS and MOSF and implementing agencies such as central administrative agencies and local governments. With the implications of institutional change, several alternatives are suggested for reform in total payroll cost systems including strengthening effectiveness of downsizing tools, activating interactions between groups by widening the scope of budget items, and moving toward more autonomous systems of grading and payment.

The Republic of Korea is to be multi-cultural nation as registration population was up to 2% in 2010. Immigrants who are economic and social minorities in almost country have different identities from each other. Therefore, it is necessary to study immigrant policy systematically with respect to social integration and immigration settlement. Firstly, I analyzed authority, projects, and budget by the laws on the immigrants and multi-cultural families. In addition, ordinances based on the laws were also viewed as overlapping and contradictory . There were many similarities between two fundamental laws. Although the charged ministry was changed, fiscal change among the related ministries was tardy. Wide variance of local budget each year limited policy autonomy. There was no difference among the related ordinances, but there were a few contradictions between the laws and the ordinances. Secondly, while the immigrant policies has been formed by central governments and the operation of this policy has been implemented by multiple agencies of central governments, agencies of central governments should be integrated then decentralized to local governments to prevent repetitious work done by different departments and enhance organization efficiency. When the agency will be integrated and decentralized in the earliest time possible, organization conflict and wasting budget can be reduced. To prepare for the decentralization, it is suggested that local governments reengineer appropriate departments as a governance structure and assign metropolitan council and local governments separate tasks.

The paper aims at analyzing the performance of the Green Social Committee (LHGSC) which is the first intermediary organization to promote the green neighborhood programs and the stakeholders’ participation using the social network analysis. LHGSC, which was established to take corporate social responsibility, has been doing green neighborhood programs with local non-governmental organizations. From 2006 to 2008, LHGSC had done ninety-eight programs. Among them, eight high-performing programs were chosen and analyzed using social network analysis. Those programs are as follows: green alley construction program in Hoam Mt.(Hoam), low carbon village project in Seongmi Mt.(Seongmi), Nature experience program in Daeji Mt. (Daeji), Taepyeongdong fantasy project in Seongnam (Taepyeong), Nambu market remodeling in Jeonju (Nambu), Chorokilsaek in Jeju (Jeju), Making a toad park in Cheongju (Toad), and Green street project in Gwangju (Gwangju). First, the eight programs were evaluated for confidence, information exchange, current participation, expected participation. Second, both the ‘Toad’ and the ‘Gwangju’ which have various participants and complicated interactions were additionally evaluated for network centrism. The result shows that LHGSC is asked to play different roles according to the program types. It played the role as a fund-provider, evaluator, and holding events in the case of local non-government initiated programs such as in ‘Hoam’, ‘Seongmi’, ‘Daeji’, and ‘Toad’. Elsewhere , it provided with information, educate participants, and increase the neighborhood value in the case of ‘Taepyeong’, ‘Nambu’, ‘Jeju’, and ‘Gwangju’. Local development project should be based on the involvement of various stakeholders where intermediary organizations can play the substantial role. Despite the necessity, intermediary organizations such as LHGSC have several limitations.Therefore, LHGSC should be reshuffled into an independent entity to create a network for stakeholders, coordinate participants, and provide information. Then, it can play the role for the green neighborhood program as an intermediary organization.

The research of Public Administration and pubic policies can be used to not only inquiries of social phenomenon but also useful practical prescription. So the recent research trends of Public Administration and pubic policies reflect on trends of recent efforts for solve social problems. The implication of practical prescription increase include a variety of perspectives between academic communities, communities, research institutes, practical public organizations. The goal of this article are several. First, we try to discuss core actors with public administration studies among academic communities, research institutes, practical public organizations. Second, such research agencies look for what research methods are favored. The result of this study help us not only to understand the orientation of future researches study but also to extract research biases in public administration.

This article suggests some options to enhance international cooperation by NGOs. The options is based on literature review and indepth interview with NGO members in Korea and Cambodia. And the study also aims to analyze priorities among 3 primary options and 8 secondary options by AHP method. Major findings of the AHP analysis are as follows. The first priority among options is to strengthen cooperation with Cambodian local government. Strengthening cooperation with local community in Cambodia is the second important option. And the third priority option is to increase competency and transparency of NGO Organization.