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Using a sample survey of a local government in South Korea, the study examines the relationships between transformational leadership, organizational justice (distributive, procedural, interactional), and organizational affective commitment. The results of analyses are: First of all, transformational leadership is positively related to distributive, procedural, and interactional justice, respectively. Second, transformational leadership is positively related to organizational affective commitment. Lastly, with respect to the respective mediating effects of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational affective commitment, distributive justice partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational affective commitment. Procedural and interactional justice do not provide the respective mediating roles in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational affective commitment. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

specific welfare center such as rehabilitation center for the disabled and senior welfare center except for existing community welfare center, has increased as environmental change of policy and demand of specialization of regional welfare service. This study explored the similarity and difference due to type of social welfare center. Specifically, the study explored the impact of service quality of rehabilitation center for the disabled and senior welfare center on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty using SERVPERF. In the results, there is difference in the impact of service quality of welfare center on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty between rehabilitation center for the disabled and senior welfare center. Assurance and empathy affect customer loyalty through customer satisfaction indirectly in senior welfare center while reliability and tangibles affect customer loyalty through customer satisfaction indirectly as well as reliability affect customer loyalty directly in rehabilitation center for the disabled. These findings suggest different strategies are required to meet the demand of specific welfare customers.

This study aims to clarify the concept of unbureaucratic behavior by reviewing related theoretical as well as empirical literature and explore determinants of unbureaucratic behaviors in Korea. Empirical researches focusing on unbureaucratic behaviors operationally define unbureaucratic behavior as ‘exploration of alternatives’, ‘rule-bending’, and ‘rule-breaking’. However, this operational definition of unbureaucratic behavior has not only no theoretical grounds but also no empirical foundations. Research findings from regression analyses on each behavior also support that three items designed to measure unbureaucratic behavior are not to construct a single concept. There are no common antecedents to three types of unbureaucratic behaviors except organizational culture related with rule-conformity. In particular, public servants with strong public service motivation (PSM) are less likely to disregard rules, whereas they are more likely to explore alternatives if rules are regarded as pointless. In a nutshell, ‘exploration of alternatives’, ‘rule-bending’, and ‘rule-breaking’ behaviors are three related but different concepts so that further researches should develop models to explain each behavior and compare them empirically.

South Korean government plans to open, in the second half of 2015, the Asian Cultural Complex, which is expected to be an unique multi-functional cultural organization to foster both of creation and enjoyment of Asian cultural contents. To realize the plan, the government had developed strategies of contents’ functional circulation and functional organization links. However, just a year before its opening, the government announced its organization chart and operation plan based on a divisional form, not a functional form. This study reviews various organizational theories to clarify which type of organizational form is more conducive to implement the original strategies. It can be learned from Qian et al. (2006) that the functional form is more suitable in the perspective of coordination than the divisional form. Cash et al. (2003) and Cooper (1990; 2008) shows that a boundary organization needs to be a gate of the stage-gate process in terms of operation to produce innovative cultural contents. Taken together, a new general model of multi-functional cultural organization that each functional organization becomes a stage and a boundary organization becomes a gate between stages, can be drawn. Applying the model to the Complex, this study redesigns its organizational chart and operation plan. Also, for the successful opening, this study suggests an interim organization which is the combined form of the functional form and the divisional form. Theoretically, this study shows applicability of various organizational theories to cultural organization designs. Practically, this study provides an alternative organizational chart and organizational plan of the Complex as well as an applicable general organizational model.

This paper is to present a candidate selection model of the voters through analysis voting behavior seen in local elections and validate how to candidate factors of the voter affect the selection. For this purpose, this study used the survey data using the same questionnaire in Local elections four times from 2002 to 2014(2002 6.13, 2006 5.31, 2010 6.2, 2014 6.4 local elections). The select models were identified in relation to the candidate's cognition and image, and the determinants factors. and the cognitive factors can be divided into passive and active cognition, determinants can be divided into political party, figures, external factors, policy commitments, ability of candidate, the candidate reputation factors etc, as a parameter the image can be divided into factors such as electoral, candidate images. The analysis results were as follows. First, overall the hypothesis been adopted generally except for a few, Second, among determinants and image factors that affect candidate selection, political party factors were strongly influenced. Third, policy commitment factors were found to affect significantly the candidate image.

This study elicited the factors influencing social welfare expenditures, specifically targeting metropolitan governments. It utilized five years of data (2008 to 2012) focusing on 74 metropolitan governments, examining the weight of social welfare expenditures out of total expenditures. To grasp the influence of the determinants of social welfare expenditures, a random-effects GLS regression was estimated using STATA. The Findings of the research follow: first, in political factors, social welfare expenditures grew in an election year, in the year after an election, and when the majority party in the basic local assembly is progressive. In the case of a local election year and the year after, many candidates and self-government directors could be keeping pledges related to social welfare for votes. A progressive majority party, unlike conservatives, also pursues local development with an interest in social change. Second, in case of social and demographic variables, the proportion of disabled was found to be statistically significant. The local government can be judged to be doing more diverse projects than the central government in case of the disabled who need customized service. It was found that social welfare expenditures grew more with larger populations so the population was confirmed to have an influence on expenditures. Third, looking at financial factors, a case of welfare-expenditure percentage change based on incrementalism was determined to influence social welfare expenditure. This may imply a plan based on the budget of the previous year without reflecting the characteristics of social welfare spending. Per capita tax burden is negatively related to social welfare expenditure, which means decline of welfare demand is greater than the supply side of budget increase.

The increasing demand of care services and discretionary power among service users have changed the flow of payment system. There is a tendency to provide public finance directly to service users rather than to aid service provision agencies. In turn, this changing pattern of payment system results in accelerating diversities in the characteristics of service provision agencies. The expansion of for-profit organizations raises the importance of establishing the quality management system to assure users’ right to choose safe and effective services. These trends are commonly found both in Western and Asian countries, but differences among countries are also detected in terms of concrete features. Focusing on the adult home care services, this study examines how the characteristics of payment system, provision agency, and quality assurance system have changed and also how these changes have been associated with each other. The study objects are the US, the UK, Sweden, Singapore, Japan, and South Korea. By comparing 3 Western countries with Asian countries, this study broadens the sphere of comparison into Asian areas. The study findings can be utilized as a basic information for reviewing or reforming the care service institutions in many countries.

The study was conducted fundamentally to examine the effects of job stress on turnover intention of funeral directors working for funeral homes, mutual aid companies, crematoriums 1n Seoul, and park cemeteries all over the country. According to the analysis results, job characteristics of funeral directors were shown to lower job satisfaction and increase turnover intention. Interpersonal factors of funeral directors were identified to decrease job satisfaction and raise turnover intention. And The analysis results indicated that ‘role ambiguity,’ ‘workload,’ and ‘leader-member relationship’ have effects on turnover intention through the medium of job satisfaction. To enhance their job satisfaction and minimize turnover intention of funeral directors, various alternatives should be considered.; developing a proper ‘job manual’, education-training and refresher training, organizing a human resource pool, subdivision of ‘national license for funeral director’, and ‘obligatory employment’ of funeral directors at funeral facilities

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of organizational characteristics on the performance of local arts centers. This study sheds light on the factors such as efficiency, effectiveness, professionalism, affecting performance of local art centers by using Korea Art Management Service Data of 2012-2013. The results show that higher rate of return is related with the lower ratio of public fund and the higher ratio of experts, rather than ownership and operation body. Another result is that a lower ratio of public capital has more positive relation with the rate of return on art centers. We found that the operation rate is high when the centers have private founders and a lower level of public fund. Audience utilization rate is high when the center has public ownership, private operators and higher support of public fund. Professionalism, measured by the ratio of self-planned program, is highly related with private founders, higher public fund support, and higher ratio of expert in the centers. This statistical analysis has limited implication since the data have deficiency covering limited numbers of centers and the variables and models are not perfect, though we tried to have rigorous analysis.

In 2007, Seoul expected the effect of about 400 billion won to encourage using Dong Consolidation to abolish a total of 100 Dongs among 25 autonomous regions. For 3 years, a total of 94 Dongs (officially 98 Dongs including Mapo-Gu’s 4 Dongs in early 2007) were consolidated until 2009. This study recalculated the actual sum of 380.7 billion won through the Cost-Benefit Analysis. Moreover, the representative autonomous regions of Mapo-Gu and Dongdaemun-Gu, within Seoul implemented a quantitative benefit analysis and a case study to apply the same methodology. The Cost-Benefit Analysis results were 330.5 billion won from Seoul, 40.3 billion won from Mapo-Gu, and 58.5 billion won from Dongdaemun-Gu quantitatively. This study conducted a survey on residents of the two autonomous regions that experienced Dong Consolidation. The survey results found that residents scored higher for residents’ needs and satisfaction because of the Dong Consolidation, and therefore the Dong Consolidations will continue. In the future, the development of a better systematic Dong Consolidation method will be needed.

The purpose of the study is to examine how participation in organizational members in a social enterprise make an impact turnover intention through organizational justice and organizational support. The sample of the study was comprised of 274 after distributing 775 survey questionaries. We employed the structural equation modelling for analyzing the theoretical framework using Amos(18.0) and Mplus(7.2). Empirical results are as follows. First, participation of organizational members significantly influenced organizational justice. Second, participation of organizational members significantly had a statistically significant negative impact on turnover intentions. Third, participation of organizational members turned out to be statistically insignificant but had an indirect effect turnover intention via perceived organizational support. It is possible to conclude that participation of organizational members has a statistically significant indirect effect on turnover intention via organizational justice and organizational support. The managerial implication of this study is that institutional efforts should be made in order to improve organizational justice and perceived organizational support because participation of organizational members would be a significant factor via organizational justice and perceived organizational support.