KJC Korea
Journal Central

In the United States, a school district as a local government has conducted its own government reform by operating charter schools among several school choice movement tools. This article empirically examines why the variation in government reform occurs among school districts. To seek an accurate answer to this research question, this study uses Colorado’s school districts as the units of analysis and tests six hypotheses created by the contents of public entrepreneurs, regional diffusion, and school district attribute factors. The final statistical results demonstrate that three predictor variables—public entrepreneurs, regional diffusion, and student population size—are statistically significant. That is to say, the statistical findings explain that a school district with many public entrepreneurs, many contiguous school districts having previously experienced similar government reform, and many K-12 students is more likely to conduct its own government reform. Meanwhile, this article contributes to developing Korean government reform by introducing the contents of the school choice movement (SCM), which has provided fundamental logic for the market-oriented government reform since the 1990s, to the Korean public administration field.

The purpose of this study is to find ways to improve evaluation system of the executive agency by exploring and verifying positive changes in the members of executive agencies during performance evaluation. As a result, it is confirmed that acceptance of evaluation results, acceptance of evaluation indicators, and organizational learning have a positive effect on evaluation utilization. This means that the higher the level of evaluation utilization, the more likely it is that the outcome of the assessment is fair or that the institution's vision and goals are well reflected. In addition, as organizational learning becomes more active, information and experience gained during the evaluation process are shared smoothly at the organizational level.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the network structure and characteristics between governments in the Participatory Budgeting (PB) operated at the local government level and the central government level, and to present a cooperative cooperation measures between the governments through this analysis. The PB in South Korea is divided into the citizen PB implemented by the local government and the national PB implemented by the central government. Citizen PB has been gradually expanded since it was first introduced in north district of Gwangju Metropolitan City. By revising the 2011 Local Finance Law and making the citizen PB mandatory, PB was implemented nationwide. On the other hand, the national PB implemented a model project in 2017 and has been fully implemented since 2018. However, although the citizen PB and the national PB have similar objectives, the cooperative relationship is not high. In this study, we investigate the significance of the PB, construct an analysis model through the theory of Intergovernment Relations (IGR), analyze the relationship between the government of the citizen PB and the national PB, present a proposal for cooperative cooperation. As cooperation measures for redesign of PB, we present cooperation such as project promotion, budget school, project proposal, and construction of a PB platform for project evaluation.

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether heavy tax standards of the acquisition tax for the luxury housing are appropriate. Luxury housing must meet the price of housing transaction (over 600 million won), the size of the building (single-family house, over 331㎡ meters), and the building price (over 90 million won). If one of these three standards is not met, the heavy tax is exempt. In addition, those who acquire houses with the same house price or area have a burden of taxation unfair. Therefore, we analyze whether heavy tax standards of the acquisition tax for the luxury housing are appropriate, and the following results were obtained. First, since the purchasing power of the people is getting higher, the housing area is limited to use as a standard for achieving the purpose of restraining real estate speculation. Therefore, it is redundant to apply both the value of the building and the price of the housing transaction on heavy tax standards. Third, if only the housing transaction value is applied as the heavy tax standards of luxury housing, the problem of unequal tax burden can be partially solved.

The Moon Jae-in administration has been changing its policy from the existing energy policy, 'Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand before the 7th' to 'Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand', a new energy policy centered on the de-nuclear power plant. In this background, there is a reasonable demand that the protection of life and security of the people should be fully considered in the supplier-oriented energy policy considering economic efficiency and stability, but the controversy over the expansion and reduction of the policy and policy alternatives continues even after more than 1 year 10 months of policy change. In this study, the ACF･MSF combination model was applied to the energy policy change of the nuclear power plant and the analysis was conducted. Despite the fact that the ACF model is oriented toward the pluralistic society, the actual policy decision or policy execution still has authoritarian behavior due to the low agreement on the change of our society and the openness of the political system that is not consistent. The results of this study show that the president directly plays the role of policy broker and policy leader of the MSF model, and that there are limitations in the original functions of each model, such as the long-term union opportunity structure, policy subsystem, advocacy association, and three flows of the MSF model. Based on these analysis results, the implications for the policy process of the large-scale national projects led by the president in the future were suggested.

The purpose of this study is to analyze what are the determinants of attitudes toward foreign aid policy in Korea. In particular, this study empirically analyzed the effect of literacy on foreign aid policy on its attitude. Furthermore, this study analyzed whether policy efficacy moderates the relationship between policy literacy and attitude. To this end, I used secondary data obtained from a survey of Korean people. The analysis of the hierarchical multiple regression model including interaction terms showed that policy awareness had a significant positive effect on attitudes toward ODA. In other words, if they knew that ODA is being managed through the OECD DAC for promoting economic development and welfare in developing countries, they showed a favorable attitude toward ODA. Policy efficacy also strengthened the positive relationship between policy literacy and attitude. These results indicate that in order for policy authorities to ensure public support for foreign aid policies, foreign aid is effectively managed by intergovernmental councils, and it is effective that the decision and enforcement of such policies are systematic and transparent. This suggests that it is important to promote publicly to them to eliminate unnecessary misunderstandings. This result suggests that policy authorities should endeavor to solve the problems of the policy in order to secure support for the policy, and that the decision and enforcement of foreign aid policy will be effective in systematically and transparently. It suggests that public relations is necessary to eliminate unnecessary misunderstandings and to strengthen support for policy.

Currently, self-regulation is being made on random items in the game industry. For the first time in 2008, self-regulation were put in place but were not implemented at that time. In 2015, the self-regulation was reorganized, and since the self-regulation have been revised in 2017 and 2018, the enforcement rate is gradually increasing. Since the introduction of random items in the market in the mid-2000s, the need for regulation of random items has been raised. As a regulatory method, the self-regulation was preferred to government regulation. It was argued that self-regulation has more advantages than government regulation as a regulation such as the use of professional knowledge, environmental adaptability and low execution cost. In order to take advantage of such self-regulation, self-regulation is introduced for random item regulation. However, there may be a limit on whether the self-regulation of random item has advantages as self-regulation. In this study, we want to examine whether the self-regulation of random items really has a positive side as self-regulation. We analyze the positive and negative aspects of the self-regulation of random items. A self-regulation is generally seen as an advantage over expertise, efficiency and adaptability. However, the analysis of random items reveals that the self-regulation of random items is not higher than government regulation in this respect. There is no specialty in the self-regulation of random items, and it is hard to say that regulatory efficiency is higher than that in government regulation. It is adaptable, but changes too frequently, which is not a benefit but a disadvantage. There are limitations in terms of representativeness and in terms of accountability that are recognized as necessary for the proper operation of self-regulation. In other words, the self-regulation of random items does not show its merits as self-regulation, and it has the characteristics of compulsory self-regulation and repressive self-regulation to avoid direct government regulation.

Using the survey data collected from the South Korean people on value perception, we examined the relationships between trust, civic participation, and social value. Based on the World Values Survey data, we found that social value contained social/environmental and economic perspectives through a factor analysis. We confirmed the significant and positive association of trust and civic participation with social value. More specifically, trust in socially active group was significantly and positively related to social value associated with social/ environmental and economic perspectives. Additionally, civic participation was significantly and positively associated with society’s contribution (social perspectives). These results emphasize the necessity and importance of supporting social value for sustainable community formation.

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes and causes of the youth population in urban areas. Existing studies mainly examined the causes of total population change, and in particular, the causes of population change due to the supply-demand of labor market. On the other hand, the purpose of this study is to examine the causes of change in the young population and to focus on amenities. The movement of the youth population as a whole can be explained mainly by the demand-supply of the labor market, but the movement of the youth population in the metropolitan area seems to have had greatly affected the amenities. In order to analyze what factors influenced the movement of young population among various amenities, data of 45 dongs and 8 years in Dong-gu, Jung-gu and Daedeok-gu of Daejeon were analyzed using panel analysis. As a result, amenities such as manufacturing have a negative effect on the young population, while amenities such as libraries, historic sites, leisure services, amusement parks, and other entertainment-related services have positive effects.