Peace Discourse in the Imperialism Era

CHA TAEGEUN

doi:10.26585/chlab.2020..69.006

This thesis analyzes the logic and characteristics of peace discourse of the peace discourse in China during the so-called imperial period in the late 19th and early 20th century. At that time, the representative peace theory could be divided into international peace based on the norms of the universal law and the law of balance of power, The Daedong world with the international political balance of power as the driving force, and the solidarity theory of the minority for the independence and coexistence of each nation. After Martin translated the concept of international politics, balance of power from international law to the concept of international norms, Chinese diplomats and intellectuals hoped for peace in the region or world under the law of international law and law of balance of power. However, this hope disappeared with the expectation of universal peace among the Chinese when the theory of division of China was brought up in the late 19th century, and the theory of balance of power became an excuse for the invasion and division of other countries. However, as the division of China in the early 20th century was overthrown by the need for a balance of power by the Western powers, the balance of power was still a realistic condition for peace. Meanwhile, in the early 20th century, two representative thinkers of China, Kang Yu Wei and Zhang Tai Yen, each envisioned world or East Asian peace, including China. Kang Yu Wei’s Daedong World and Zhang Tai Yen’s Qiwu(equality) world are examples. However, the process of establishing Kang Yu Wei’s Greater East World, or world state, is based on the logic of the power balance of the great powers, especially the logic of the hegemony of imperialism. On the other hand, Zhang Taiyan criticized imperialism from the point of view of equal nationalism and insisted on the solidarity of the minority. In sum, most of the theory of peace in China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries implied the logic of imperialism. As compared With them, Zhang Taiyan’s theory of peace can be said to be a meaningful concept that can be referred to today.

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