The Subject and the Others in Ujeokga

Jae Hong Shin

In this study, the aspects of relation of the subject and the others were analyzed through an investigation of the structure and flow of thoughts in the poem of Ujeokga. Also we attended to the logic the subject, buddhist monk, taught and accepted the others, thieves. In this view, the story of Bibo and Yuji in Hwarangsegi is available for comparison with Ujeokga. Bibo, the first class nobleman took Yuji, the swordswoman leader of the thieves who were the common people of Gaya dynasty, as a concubine. This story is an example of acceptance of outsiders in Shilla society. Shilla have had the logics and methods to compromise social conflicts and accept trouble-makers or outsiders. In Bibo and Yuji's case, the cultural feature of Shilla people's admiring the graceful beauty of man and woman offers the basis of acceptance. This shows one of many secular logics of acceptance of the others. In comparison, in Ujeokga, the logic of acceptance of the others took place in the network of concrete poetic words. The subject, monk, admonishes the others, thieves, in respect of universal human identity, and emphases the difference between the subject and the others and manifests the subjectivity of himself. In this way the subject finally accepts the others. This progression advanced within the subject, traveler, searching for one's true mind, led the others to go together. The road which the subject and the others take together extends to the buddhist paradise through the forest and a religious cabin. The subject takes the others to seek after truth together with the transcendental logic of acceptance of the others. Bibo and Yuji's story has the viewpoint of a narrator and characters' admiration for beauty, and Ujeokga has that of the subject's holy mind for paradise. Concluding with these two texts, the story based on the secular logic and the lyric based on the transcendental logic of acceptance of the others. But, in the Shilla period, the two logics were positioned in the ends of a continuous line and there were many logics of acceptance of the others between the two extreme points. So we know that the Shilla culture showed the aspects of acceptance and harmony along with the opposition and conflict.

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