Ethical and Legal Issues with Oocyte Cryopreservation
2020, 23(3), pp.191-208
DOI : 10.35301/ksme.2020.23.3.191
Publisher : The Korean Society For Medical Ethics
Research Area : General Medicine
-
With the increasing use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and the expansion of health insurance coverage and support for treatment costs, human reproduction is changing rapidly. Visualization of the process of treating germ cells and embryos in vitro and the physical and temporal separation of germ cell collection, embryo generation, implantation, and birth are expanding the possibilities and scope of planning or control over reproduction. Within this context, the freezing of germ cells to preserve fertility has also been increasing, a trend that is likely to continue since the preservation of fertility is now seen more as a lifestyle choice than a medically necessary procedure. However, the storage of oocytes for non-medical purposes is ultimately a source of artificial infertility as it presupposes medical pregnancy and birth using ART. Therefore, it is important to examine the current status and consequences of egg fertility preservation and to prepare appropriate management measures and guidelines. Management measures include the sharing of information transparently, including information on the uncertainties with ART technology, the promotion of careful decision-making procedures based on autonomy, and the establishment of monitoring systems. The guidelines should be aimed at securing the autonomy and safety of the parties involved in these procedures. In addition, the introduction of ART for non-medical purposes calls for discussions on the targets of reproductive cell collection and utilization, the various actors in future pregnancies and childbirths, new predictions about reproduction, and appropriate preparation or management measures. Taking cultural perceptions and public opinion into account, this article explains how and why current laws and policies related to ART should be improved.
-
[other] 대한산부인과학회 보조생식술위원회 / 2017 / 대한산부인과학회 보조생식술 윤리지침. Version 7.0
[report] 보건복지부 / 배아 보관 및 제공현황 조사. 2008-2018
[web] 경기일보 / 2013 / [역사속 오늘] 국내 첫 ‘냉동난자수정’아기 탄생 / http://www.kyeonggi.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=697140
[web] 청년의사 / 2013 / 가임력 보존연구 더는 늦출 수 없다 / http://www.docdocdoc.co.kr/news/articleView.html?newscd=2013122600008
[web] 한국경제 / 2019 / 늦은 결혼에 … 2030 ‘난자동결 시술’ 확산 / https://www.hankyung.com/society/article/2019012024831
[web] 조선닷컴 / 2017 / 결혼 · 출산 빙하기 … 난자 얼려두는 여성들 / http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/03/20/2017032000096.html
[web] 중앙sunday / 2014 / 老産 두려운 여성들 ‘난자 냉동’으로 미래 임신 준비 / https://news.joins.com/article/15031067
[web] 아시아경제 / 2014 / 페이스북·애플, 여직원 난자 냉동비용 지원 / http://view.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2014101505321231070
[other] HFEA / 2018 / Shouold I freeze my egg? A guide to the latest information and statistics on egg freeziig in the UK
[other] (재)국가생명윤리정책원 / 2019 / 생식세포 및 배아의 안전한 보관·활용을 위한 관리체계 구축
[other] (재)국가생명윤리정책원 / 2019 / 생식세포 및 배아의 안전한 보관·활용을 위한 관리체계 구축(부록)
[other] Human Fertilization Embryology Authority / 2011 / Fertility treatment in 2011
[web] / https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/2563/hfeafertility-trends-and-figures-2017-v2.pdf / https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/2563/hfeafertility-trends-and-figures-2017-v2.pdf
[web] Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society / 2019 / 65회Annual Meeting 발표자료 / https://cfas.ca/_Library/CARTR/CFAS_CARTR_Plus_presentation_plenary_slides_FINAL_for_website_-_opened.pdf
[other] Cobo / 2016 / Oocyte vitrification for elective FP / Fertil Steril
[web] / National Summary Report in SART / https://www.sartcorsonline.com/rptCSR_PublicMultYear.aspx?reportingYear=2017
[web] New York Times / 2018 / What Fertility Patients Should Know About Egg Freezing / https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/13/health/eggs-freezing-storage-safety.html
[other] / HFEAct 1990(as amended) 11. Licences for treatment, storage and research
[other] HFEA / Code of Practice / The Quality Management System : 23~
[other] / Safety of Sperm and Ova Regulations / Quality Management System : 42~
[other] / Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida / Centros sanitarios y equipos biomédicos, Artículo 17
[other] / Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida / CAPÍTULO V Centros sanitarios y equipos biomédicos
[other] / Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida / CAPÍTULO VII Registros nacionales de reproducción asistida
[web] / https://artreporting.cdc.gov / https://artreporting.cdc.gov
[other] / Code of Federal Regulation 21 PART 1271, Subpart B
[web] 일본산부인과학회 / 윤리에 관한 견해 / http://www.jsog.or.jp/modules/statement/index.php?content_id=3
[web] 일본산부인과학회 / 윤리에 관한 견해, 보조생식술 실시 의료기관의 등록 및 보고에 관한 견해 / http://www.jsog.or.jp/modules/statement/index.php?content_id=6
[web] / Mature oocyte cryopreservation: a guideline / https://www.guidelinecentral.com/summaries/mature-oocyte-cryopreservation-a-guideline/#section-396
[web] 日本生殖医学会 倫理委員会報告 / 未受精卵子および卵巣組織の凍結・保存に関するガイドライン / http://www.jsrm.or.jp/guideline-statem/guideline_2013_01.html
[web] / the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society -Position Statements / https://cfas.ca/positionstatements.html
[web] / 2015 / 健康女性の卵子凍結「推奨しない」 日産婦の委員会 / 朝日新聞 / https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASH2V5RL8H2VULBJ00D.html
[web] 日本産科婦人科学会 / 平成25年度第4回倫理委員会議事録 / http://www.jsog.or.jp/modules/committee/index.php?content_id=62
[journal] Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine / 2018 / Planned oocyte cryopreservation for women seeking to preserve future reproductive potential: an Ethics Committee opinion / Fertility and sterility 110(6) : 1022~1028
[journal] 조중우 / 2012 / 가임력 보존을 위한 난자의 동결보존법 연구 동향 / Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Population 25
[web] BBC news / 2020 / Egg-freezing: What’s the success rate? / https://www.bbc.com/news/health-51463488
[web] The Washington Post / 2018 / The struggle to conceive with frozen eggs / https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/national/wp/2018/01/27/feature/she-championedthe-idea-that-freezing-your-eggs-wouldfree-your-career-but-things-didnt-quitework-out/?utm_term=.da96d0b92351
[web] CNN health / 2018 / Hospital says it’s not liable for loss of eggs, embryos in freezer malfunction / https://edition.cnn.com/specials/health/vital-signs
[web] CNN health / 2018 / Two dads, an egg donor and a surrogate: How a freezer failure changed everything / https://edition.cnn.com/2018/06/28/health/embryos-egg-donorsurrogate/index.html
[web] NBC news / 2019 / Heartbreak, anxiety, lawsuits:The egg-freezing disaster a year later / https://www.nbcnews.com/news/all/heartbreak-anxiety-lawsuits-egg-freezingdisaster-year-later-n978891
[other] / 생명윤리법 시행규칙 별표 1, 배아생성의료기관의시설 및 인력 등에 관한 기준
[other] 보건복지부 / 2016 / 배아생성의료기관 표준운영지침
[web] Vice / 2020 / More and More Companies Are Covering the Cost of Egg Freezing. But Who Is It Really For? / https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/ep448j/more-companies-are-coveringthe-cost-of-egg-freezing-who-is-it-reallyfor-v27n2
[web] / https://www.hfea.gov.uk/treatments/fertilitypreservation/egg-freezing/ / https://www.hfea.gov.uk/treatments/fertilitypreservation/egg-freezing/
[web] / (재)국가생명윤리정책원 홈페이지. 2018년 7월 17일 해외언론동향 / http://www.nibp.kr/xe/news2/120476
[web] / https://www.mariababy.com/member/patient_cost.asp / https://www.mariababy.com/member/patient_cost.asp
-
KCI Citation (0)
181 Viewed
Print this page
Download PDF