KJC Korea
Journal Central

The aim of this paper is to examine the syntactic and semantic features of a discourse marker ‘Geulaegajigo’, the speaker's subjective attitude, with the real data from conversations. In chapter two, I summerise the features of the discourse marker and investigate whether the syntactic and semantic features match with the features of ‘Geulaegajigo’. This paper concludes the meaning of ‘Geulaegajigo’, as follows: it is pragmatically selected for (1) adopting the earlier things as a cause or a reason (2) returning to the original topic, the succession of the speech.

What we call homonymic idioms are idioms of the same character, but have two or more different meanings. These homonymic idioms can roughly be divided into two types. One is that the meanings are totally different; another is the extended meaning from original meaning. For example, we usually use the idiom "hundred meter, head of pole" to mean "To scale new heights"in Chinese and it means we are not satisfied at current achievement, and trying to get more. However, it means a very difficult situation in Korean. One of the reason why there are different meanings between Chinese and Korean idioms is the different quotation and exposition of original text. It is due to different source text, mistakes on idioms using or mistakes on idioms explaining. Since there is not a lot of source information of Korean idioms, it makes me harder to research and study this issue. There are 23 items of idioms in this essay,10 items of the same source, 7 items of the different source and 6 items of the unknown source.

Für den Menschen ist es nicht leicht, eine Fremdsprache (die deutsche Sprache) zu lernen. Den Grund könnte man selbst feststellen, indem man den Unterschied der Wortstellung im Koreanischen und Deutschen beobachtet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit behandelt es sich um das Problem der Wortstellung im Koreanischen und Deutschen. Wichtige Punkte müssen folgendermaßen hervorgebracht werden: 1. Das Koreanische besteht aus einer Wortstellung der Form ‘Prädikat + Verb’. Das ist jedoch im Deutschen nicht der Fall. In diesem Sinne ist das Koreanische die vorligende/vorgestellte Sprache und das Deutsche die nachliegende/nachgestellte Sprache. 2. Der Position des Kerns (Head) gemäß ist das Koreanische die Sprache von ‘Head-last/final’, das Englische die Sprache von ‘Head-first/initial’. Aber das Deutsche ist die Sprache von ‘Head-mixed’. 3. In der Wortstellung kann man den Unterschied der Denkweise zwischen Koreaner und Deutscher erkennen. Zum Beispiel ist es das Zahlzeichen oder das Zeichen der Zeit. 4. Im allgemeinen erfassen Koreaner den Gegenstand in seiner Ganzheit (vom etwas Großes zum etwas Kleines) aber Deutsche in seiner Einzelheit (vom etwas Kleines zum etwas Großen). 5. Durch den Unterschied der Denkweise, der sprachlichen Gewohnheit, der Wortstellung kann man den Unterschied der Sprache und der Lebensweise zwischen den beiden Ländern erkennen. Zusammenfassend übt die Wortstellung eine große Wirkung auf das Denken und Bewußtsein des Menschen aus. Das heißt, Das Denken und Bewußtsein des Menschen spiegelt sich in seiner Wortstellung wider.

The definition of the range of emotion verbs should be preceded to study them, which hasn't been made in the precedent studies. Therefore, this study begins with observing the characteristics of emotion, defining the range of emotion verbs and finds out general meaning characteristics of them. In general emotion occurs on the basis of some stimuli without any deliberate intentions and it is also subjective responses depending upon internal experiences of the emotion subjects. In addition it is deeply related to physical changes and represents mental state. So the range of emotion verbs can be defined as vocabularies suitable to verification frame of “have a mind to ---” and “a mind at --- state” and the subjects of sentences are always expressed ‘the subjects of experiences’. They are the verbs premising factors of intelligence like ‘perception’, ‘judgement’ or ‘trust’ in some objects or situation. These emotion verbs have usually such meaning characteristics as ‘connection, degree, unconsciousness, passive control, experience, evaluation’. ‘Connection’ and ‘Degree’ in general meaning of emotion verbs are newly-found meaning characteristics in this study. Although ‘unconsciousness, passive control, experience’ have been remarked in precedent studies, this study explains emotion verbs as syntactically controlled state setting up the objective basis of study of them. Particularly this study finds that ‘control possibility’ of ‘passive control’ is more related to ‘emotion extinct’ than ‘emotion occurrence’ and it exists more in cause- centered emotion verbs than object-centered emotion verbs. The precedent studies see that emotion verbs take characteristics of evaluation depending on situation but this study discover that all emotion verbs have a bit of a characteristics of evaluation.

This thesis aims to analyze and study the present condition of the assessment, which concerns sense education in University Entrance Exam competition and the questions related to sense education that appeared in College Scholastic Ability Test. These questions, which were related to the assessment of sense education in the Korean Language Subtest in College Scholastic Ability Test, are mainly in the area of vocabulary knowledge. With regard to context, most of them are included in the reading part; however, it is true that related questions recently have been made in the writing part as well. In the vocabulary knowledge part, more than half of the questions were related to the meaning, and their patterns could be sorted into 14 types. Most of them were measuring sections that were related to vocabulary meaning. As a result of analyzing questions that appeared in the College Scholastic Ability Test over the last 10 years, we can see that there emerged questions that discourage a simple way of thinking and encourage a complicated way of thinking. However, that questions related to sense only appeared in the vocabulary sections is a problem to be solved.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the present condition and prospect of korean meaning education for foreigners. First, this paper clarifies many researches and education focus on lexical meaning but has no interest in utterance meaning. From an educational point of view the research and education of utterance meaning have to be realized with lexical meaning. For this results I investigate research achievements and inquire questionnaire to korean teachers. Second, the teacher have to teach concentratedly the special fine parts according to learning level. Lastly this paper emphasize the reflection on the contents of meaning education in korean textbook. So that I insist on preparations of basic materials(list of semantic domain, corpus data, dictionary of idiom and proverb, collocation list, list of implication and indirect expression etc.) and development of systematic teaching methods.

This paper attempts to present a systematic and diachronic analysis of the Korean demonstrative jeo, which occurs in several different syntactic constructions and enters into various discourse contexts. As is widely known, the basic morphemes of Korean demonstratives constitute a tripartite distinction but the system of English demonstratives is composed of dual distinctions ; i-'this', geu-'that' and jeo-'that'. These three morphemes are combined with various elements, forming tripatite paradigms such as iri 'here', geuri 'there' and jeori 'over there' ; ireon 'this', geureon 'that' and jeoreon 'that' ; ireohke 'like this', geureohke 'like that' and jeoreohke 'like that' ; igeo 'this thing', geugeo 'that thing', jeogeo 'that thing'. There are structural oppositions between Korean demonstratives and English demonstratives because two morphemes(geu- and jeo-) are pseudo-synonymy. In Korean, second and third personal pronoun encoding of in the same way(geudae, geunyeo). The relation of geu and jeo has an important bearing on the meaning and change of meaning to jeo. Korean demonstrative 'jeo' is analyzed into two major uses. First, there is their function as a indicator of spatio-temporal deixis. Secondly category is characterized as mental or conceptual deixis, which is linked to the speaker's emotional involvement in the subject matter of his utterance. They are out of being used as a discourse deixis or an anaphora, referring back to prior discourse or referring forward to anticipated discourse.

There have been a lot of changes in Chosun language of Yanbian area for last ten years since a treaty of amity between Korea and China. Most of Yanbian people used language similar to North Korean, but some changes in their language usage have been made last ten years. The most remarkable feature is that the number of people using the words and intonation similar to standard South Korean has increased. It is clear that Chosun language of Yanbian has moving its pivot from North Korean to South Korean through inflow of many south Korean words. This study aims at investigating vocabulary characteristics of Chosun language appearing in 『Yanbian Literature』. Reading it, we can find different word formations and meanings of words from South Korean. Unfamiliar words which are not frequently used in Korea appear in Chosun language. There are some words whose meanings we can guess, but there are many words whose meanings we can't guess. Meaning regions of some words of Korean and Yanbian language are different from each other. Some words used widely in Korea have different meanings in Chosun language. The phenomenon that some words have different meanings is caused by the effect of Chinese and North Korean.

Factors that affect the status of a language in the global setting, either in absolute or in relative senses, are generally considered to be far from invariably fixed. However, there still seem to be a bunch of such factors requiring our special attention including (1) population, (2) populations of language use, (3) educational status, (4) scientific status, (5) economic status, (6) cultural status, (7) industrial status, (8) political status, and (9) military status. In this paper these factors are closely examined with reference to various related statistics and indexes. Results show the status of the Korean language in the world as follows. The rankings of the Korean language in the world are the twenty-sixth based on population, the thirteenth with respect to populations of language use, the seventeenth with regard to educational status, the fourteenth with on the basis of scientific status, the eighteenth in terms of economic status, the eighth with reference to cultural status, the fourteenth based on industrial status, the forty-third with respect to political status, and the fourteenth in terms of military status. When all these factors are considered simultaneously, the composite standing of the Korean language turns out to be the nineteenth in the world.

This paper aims to examine the abstraction process and the taxonomy of events related to the nominal style in scientific writing. In most scientific writing, not only things but also events, like process and state, are reclassified to explaina phenomenon. When events are classified, they are nominalizedand organized as things. Analysing events in explanations, writers interpret events as things. To examine the abstraction and taxonomy of events in scientific texts, at first we define the nominalization of verbal style as an abstraction of events and demonstrate the semantic process of the abstraction. Secondly, we establish principles and conditions for the taxonomy of nominalized events.