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Journal Central

Kang, Beom-mo. 2009. Lexical and Semantic Aspects of the Tiles of Korean Films. Korean Semantics, 30. We collect and examine titles of all the Korean films ever made since 1919 until 2007, while using the corpus linguistic methods. The total of around 6,800 titles are analyzed in terms of the use of words and semantic considerations. Frequencies of words are counted and relatively high frequency words are categorized into semantic groups. Some characteristic words, namely words meaning "love", "woman", "man" etc, are examined in terms of negative and positive semantic prosodies. Moreover, the change of the usage of some important words as time proceeds are studied, from the first period(1919~1925) through the eleventh period(2003~2007). The two main factors of the change of words used in the film titles are diversification and gender equality. The words used in the film titles reflect the content of the films, which again would reflect the interests of general public of the times.

Kang, soyeong, 2009, The study of lexical items that represent the characteristics distinguishing women from men. Korea Semestics, 30. There have occurred changes in the representation of women presented by society due to the introduction of the new order of values since the beginning of modern times This paper has investigated certain lexical items that represent the characteristics distinguishing women from men, i.e., ‘femininity,’ and analyzed their meanings under the assumption that changes in people’s recognition of women are reflected in language. As a result, I have classified chakhada, sunsuhada,cheongsunhada, danahada and uahada as lexical items describing [-internal and external beauty]. While classifying cheongsunhada as a lexical item that has the restriction of [+girlish], I have classified sunsuhada as a lexical item that has the restriction of [blank] among chakhada that represented [-external beauty]. On the other hand, I have sorted out areumdapda and yeppeuda as having no limitations with respect to gender and age and having general meanings. I have presented them as generic lexical items. In addition, I have attempted at the systematization of other lexical items related to [±synesthesia], so I have presented yamjeonhada and chamhada as [-synesthesia], and budeureopda sangnyanghada and ttatteuthada as [+synesthesia]. Also I have presented sangnyanghada as [Make a hearer feel good] and budeureopda as [Don't be imposed]. Though the identical values that were placed under the traditional familial ideology still exist after all, we can conjecture, from the aspects of using the representative lexical item (areumdapda) for the aesthetic consciousness drawn from the movement toward society, that the possibility of changes in the recognition of women and in society gets some force.

Kim Jung-Nam. 2009. Meaning and its distribution of ‘-gedoyda’-As a part of basic study for developing Korean language education material-. Korean Semantics, 30. The word ‘doeda[become]’ is marking the second rank in terms of usage frequency of all the verbs in Korean language. And it is generally presented to a form of ‘-ge doeda[become to]’ because it has a main usage as an auxiliary verb. So far, the '-ge doeda' has been primarily interpreted as a passive voice expression. But it seemed as a result of enlarged interpretation of meaning '-eojida[be done to]’. So in this paper, albeit I accepted the relationship between '-ge doeda' and ‘-eojida’, and some examples of '-eojida' where combine with stem of transitive verb have usages of passive voice's meaning, but I persist it is not reasonable to assert the meaning of '-ge doeda' as passive from this relationship, because they are not the type that is corresponding to '-ge doeda'. In this research, I suggest the meaning of '-ge doeda' as a 'change'. The '-ge doeda' that has a 'change' as a basic meaning is mostly shown up in connective clauses, of which while '-ge doeda' construction is primarily appeared on following clause, a phrase that presents a 'cause' or 'condition' of the 'change' comes first in preceding clause. Typical example of 'cause' clause is subordinate clause led by the expression '-eo(seo)[since]' or '-(eu)ni(kka)[because of]'. In addition, the expression '-go[and]', '-(eu)myeo[and so]', and '-(eu)myeonseo[at the same time]' sometimes means 'cause' that goes beyond mere meaning of arrangement, succession, and simultaneous. And nouns connected with like 'ttaemun[due to]' or 'deokbun[by virtue]' might come first ahead of '-ge doeda' syntax, and postposition '-e[by]' or '-(eu)ro(sseo)[by means of]' sometimes can be appeared accompanying with other nouns. In case of 'condition,' subordinate clause led by the connecting endings like '-(eu)myeon[if], -eoya[even if], -eodo[though, in spite of]' is commonly being appeared. But this conditional clause sometimes could appear as a type of definite clause which has the nouns of 'gyeong-u[occasion]', 'ttae[time]' and the others as a head noun. In addition to this, there is a construction like '-ge doemyeon[if it is to be]' that appears the meaning of automaticity, in other times, the expressions such as 'eojjeodaga[occasionally]' or 'eodinji moreuge[seemingly wrong]' can be appeared in preceding clause of '-ge doeda'

Morimoto, Katsuhiko. 2009. A Contrast Study of Deictic Words in Korean and Japanese: focused on the function and usage. Korean Semantics, 30. This paper is the contrast study of deictic words(or demonstratives) in Korean and Japanese. Two languages have reference systems like many other languages have. Korean has three types of deictic words 'i, ku, ceo'. Japanese has also three types of deictic words 'ko, so, a'. In case of spacial deixis, Korean 'i' and Japanese 'ko' refer speaker's territory. Korean 'keu' and Japanese 'so' refer hearer's territory. And Korean 'ceo' and Japanese 'a' refer neither territory. In case of discourse deixis, Korean 'i, keu' and Japanese 'ko, so' refer the content of the previous statement. Korean 'i' and Japanese 'ko' refer the content being spoken. Korean 'keu' also sometimes refer the content being spoken. And Korean 'keu' and Japanese 'so' refer hearer's statement. Rarely, Korean 'i' also refer hearer's statement. In case of conceptual deixis, Korean 'keu' and Japanese 'a' refer common memories between speaker and hearer. Generally speaking, Korean speakers frequently use discourse deixis instead of spacial deixis. Japanese speakers rarely use discourse deixis instead of spacial deixis.

Bak Jaeyeon. 2009. Korean connective endings and modality: focusing on causative, conditional, concessive connective endings. Korean Semantics, 30. The aim of this paper is to investigate the modal meanings found in Korean connective endings. Especially I give my attention to the ‘causal, conditional, concessive’ endings and their related constructions. I recognize that ‘-gillae’ can be treated as modal ending in that it expresses the perception on the state-of-affair of preceding clause. But ‘-euni’ cannot be regarded as modal ending because it is related to the perception on the following clauses. ‘-Deoni’ and ‘-eossdeoni’ are not modal endings either, because they can be analysed of modal or temporal prefinal ending and non-modal connective ending. The meaning of ‘-eundeul’ includes ‘irrealis’, and those of ‘-eossdeoramyeon, -eossdeondeul, -eossdeorado’ are related to ‘counter-realis,’ so we can say all of them are related to modal meanings. But I insist that the meanings of ‘-eumyeon, -eoya, -eodo, -deorado, -geodeun’ are unmarked in reality property since they are not always used in the irrealis contexts.

Oh, Kyoung sook. 2009. A Study on the Meaning of 'jul alda' and 'jul moreuda' in Terms of the Speaker's or the Sentence Subject's Awareness of the Fact. Korean Semantics, 30. In this parer, we tried to describe the oppositional relationship between 'jul alda' and 'jul moreuda' and the meaning of each form. 'jul alda' is ambigous: (1) counter-factive meaning, which is to presuppose the falsity of the truth value of the determinate clause preceding 'jul', (2) factive meaning, which is to presuppose the truth of the truth value of the determinate clause preceding 'jul'. But 'jul moreuda' has only the factive meaning. So the oppositional relationship between 'jul alda' and 'jul moreuda' is not over all but partial. In the counter-factive 'jul alda' sentense, the speaker is aware of the fasity of the determinate clause preceding 'jul', but the subject is not. On the contrary, in the factive 'jul alda' sentense, both the speaker and subject of the sentense are aware of the truth of the determinate clause preceding 'jul'. Finally, in the factive 'jul moreuda' sentense, the speaker is aware of the truth of the determinate clause preceding 'jul', but the subject of the sentense is not

Yu kyung-min, 2009. A study on the kʌppathi-'s meaning and morphological analysis. Korean Semantics, 30. I argue that the word ‘kʌppathi(바티)-’ in Middle Korean can be analyzed as consisting of ‘kʌp- + pathi-’. Some may argue that ‘kʌp()-’ is derived from ‘kʌs()- + pʌ()-’, but I believe that its morphological derivation is ‘-’, giving rise to ‘kapkapha-’ in Contemporary Korean. As for ‘pathi(바티)-’, it may be taken to be from ‘piwat(비왙)/pat(밭)- + -hi(히)/i(이)-’, but it should be analyzed as ‘pat- + -hi-’ whose cognate in Contemporary Korean is ‘pathi(받히)-’. I have come to this conclusion as a result of examining the original texts and their Chinese counterparts containing kʌp, pathi-, and kʌppathi- together with their associated meanings. The form and the meaning of ‘kʌppathi-’ are related to such forms as ‘kʌpnurŭ(누르)-’, ‘puppathi(붑바티)-’, and my speculation is that the meaning of ‘kʌppathi-’, one of the rare words in Middle Korean texts, is [(breath/cry) is welling up stiflingly].

Yi, Kyeong-soo. 2009. A Study on the meaning extension of Korean verb 'ciluta' in terms of congnitive linguistics. Korean Semantic, 30. This study aims to explain the phenomenon that Korean verb '지르다' acquire new meaning in terms of cognitive linguistic perspectives. This verb recently has obtained 'buying', 'impulsive purchase' except existing meaning but it seems quite difficult to find a close analogy between new meaning and existing meaning. Therefore I employ the following concepts to explain the process of meaning extension: prototypical meaning, image scheme and metaphor. Cognitive linguistics is so useful to inquire into polysemous word. First, I summerize dictionary definitions and investigate the practical uses through the corpus to define a prototypical meaning of verb '지르다'. Second, this study tries to demonstrate the process of meaning extension based on the basic concepts of cognitive linguistics: image scheme, embodiment, metaphor. Finally, this study demonstrates that the new meaning of verb '지르다' originated from its prototypical meaning and the embodied experience exerts influence on meaning extension in speech community.

Lee, kwang ho. 2009. A research on co-occurrence patterns of adjective antonym pairs for dictionary building and vocabulary education. korea semestics, 30. Based on 10 million word semantically tagged Korean corpus, this paper proves that antonyms co-occur 6 times more often than the chance would allow. And it is discovered that antonyms tend to co-occur in particular constructions. 171 antonym co-occurrence patterns are found, by examining 2,703 sentences in which antonyms co-occur. These co-occurrence patterns identify 9 words ‘나쁘-’, ‘해롭-’, ‘어렵-’, ‘궂-’, ‘싫-’, ‘불길하-’, ‘언짢-’, ‘힘들-’, ‘슬프-’ as antonym of ‘좋-’and extract many sentences in which each antonym pairs co-occur. Collecting antonyms and their co-occurrent sentences from the corpus can be a systematic methodology for building an antonym dictionary. And antonym co-occurrent patterns enable the language learners to acquire the knowledge of semantic antonymy and the actual uses of antonym pairs in particular syntactic constructions.

Yim Chae-Hun. 2009. Antonymy and Sentence Meaning Formation. Korean Semantics, 30. The purpose of this paper is to inspect the function of lexical semantic relation at the level of sentence meaning. That is, lexical semantic relations not only represent relations between words in lexicon, but act as mechanism of sentence meaning formation. I inspected only the role of antonymy among another lexical semantic relation. Because antonymy is one of most principles governing the meaning of language. For this, I investigated corpus that a pair of antonyms co-occurred. Consequently, it is turned out that antonymy have the following functions. 1) the dividing and the generic, 2) the same meaning, 3) the contrast, 4) the concessive 5) the transition, 6) the expatiation.

Chang, Kyung-hee. Jeon, Eun-jin. Lee, U-yeon. & Gweon, Mi-jeong. 2009. A Study on Infants' Acquisition of Connective Ending Forms. Korean Semantics, 30. This study is an examination of Infants' Acquisition of connective ending forms. There is an individual difference in language development, but significant similarity can be seen in the process. As basic research, we have surveyed of actual state of ending uses in terms of connective ending types, occurrence orders and frequency level. Depending on these results, we made an attempt to find the universality of the period and order of the acquisition. In conclusion, this study assumes that the connective ending form initially learned by infants, is ‘-go’ and followed by ‘-myeon’ and ‘-aseo’ and, the developmental stages of connective endings can be divided into four ones. The endings belonging to the first stage include ‘-go, -myeon, -aseo’ which are used by 6 infants. The second stage include ‘-ryeogo, -nikka, -daga and -neunde’, which are learned more or less during this period, even though individual differences exist. The third stage include ‘-ni, -ado, -myeonseo, -ryeo, and -reo’. And the fourth stage include ‘-aya, -ryeomyeon, -atja, -goseo, -deoni, and -jiman’, that these forms are learned by infants of three years and over. According to the research result, we have concluded that the development of connective endings with children of 30 months and over reaches a stable stage and they use connective endings in a similar frequency to adults.

Jo, Kyeong-Sun. 2009. A Study of the Utterance Verbs construction in Modern Korean. Korean Semantics, 30. This paper is about the utterance verbs in Korean. The utterance verbs means one, two and three-place predicates and also it describes the subject(speaker) gives utterance to hearer. In order to clarify the formation phenomenon of utterance verbs constructions, Jackendoff's theory is employed. The subject is the noun that has a [+human] feature in utterance constructions, utterance constructions express a language with contents. The argument structure of an utterance verbs construction is ‘( x ( (y) ( (z) )))’ and the conceptual structures are ‘CSu([ x ], [Event GO([ (y) ], [FROM [ x ]])]), AFF0([ x ], [ (y) ])’ and ‘CSu([ x ], [Event GO([ (y) ], [FROM [ x ] TO [ (z) ]])]), AFF0([ x ], [ (z) ])’. An object of a utterance verbs construction can be classified 3 types according to situation of dialogue; (1) the hearer-object utterance verbs, (2) the content-object utterance verbs, (3) the object-action utterance verbs. The syntactic structure of utterance constructions that is ‘N1-i N2-reul N3-ege V’ describes a N2 change from a N1 to a N3 in a utterance verbs construction. The ‘N3-ege’ noun phrase in utterance constructions is a complement to form meaning an utterance verbs construction.