KJC Korea
Journal Central

A method of constructing a network of related words(nouns) is proposed. We start with discussing the significance of relatedness of words as a kind of lexical relation. Related nouns are nouns "somehow (felt) related" and proposed to be found by acquiring nouns occurring in the same paragraph to a significant degree. The degree of co-occurrence is measured by t-score, which is a widely used method for calculating the degree of collocation. The networks of related words(nouns) are themselves the networks of things and concepts denoted by the words. Therefore, by this method we can understand features of culture in the society, a language community. The data is based on morpho-semantic analysis component of Sejong Korean Corpora. Network representation is provided by means of Pajek, a popular network analysis tool.

This study aimed to analyze writing errors of Korean language learners and find out the problems. The main focus of analysis was on whether or not grammatical elements agree in terms of meaning and order. The result showed that errors increased despite the rise-up of the language proficiency level. In particular, the disagreement between a postposition and a predicate and the disagreement between a subject and a predicate were the most serious problems. The study anticipated that the problems occurred because Korean language education overemphasized grammars with the focus on "expression structure pattern." This study suggested that Korean language classes should emphasize syntactic agreements among different grammatical elements in their classroom instruction.

It has been indisputably that hyperonyms, including the meaning of hyponyms, have wider meaningful scope than them, and it is likely to be in agreement in the future. This phenomenon is, however, the result that catches the meaning from an ideological position, and different viewpoints make different interpretations possible. In other words, from a practical angle, the aspects - completely different from the existing viewpoints - are also exposed. Meanwhile, hyperonyms have more potential semantic feature than hyponyms, but the latter has more specific semantic feature than the former proportionately. Well, there is a difference in the meaningful scope of hyperonyms and hyponyms according to an emphasis on any semantic feature. The former is an approach that focuses on amount of kind from an ideological angle, while the latter is an approach from a practical viewpoint that can directly confirm from reality. The amount of hyponyms, which hyperonyms are holding, and the amount of semantic information, which hyponyms are possessing, are in inverse proportion to each other, which an aspect of the meaningful scope is differently showed, depending on the consideration of which side’s amount. This study was also interested in the relation between denotation and connotation, and hyperonyms and hyponyms based on these contents. And it tried to examine as of whether the interpretation in contradiction to the existing position, which hyperonyms have wider denotation and narrower connotation in reference to the relation between denotation and connotation based on this while hyponyms become the opposition, is possible or not.

This study aims to criticize the established discussion on how to strictly separate literal meaning and idiomatic meaning by examining the aspect of onomatopoeic & mimetic words that modify idioms. A separation literal meaning with idiomatic meaning and a setting idiomatic meaning as meta-meaning lead to result that evade relative independence of signifiant & signifié as well as possibility about interaction. Idioms are sort of metaphor. If idioms are considered as metaphor, the vehicle that idioms deliver needs to be considered to have double-meaning: literal meaning and idiomatic meaning at the same time. Only in this case, the modification of idioms can be properly understood. For this above all, the phenomenon that onomatopoeic & mimetic words modify idioms showing idioms’ essential properties has revealed. Modification of onomatopoeic & mimetic words on idiomatic expression is intervened in literal meaning, and that is intersection of source domain and target domain which are essential properties of metaphor, not representation of target domain(meta-meaning) itself. We insist that remove the established view point on classifying idioms into literal meaning and idiomatic meaning, and establish new analysis to have them simultaneously in idiomatic context.

Literature is the art of language. Here’s a stylistic analysis of linguistic approaches to the efficiency with which that was studied. In chapter 2, statistical analysis and nonstatistical analysis were discussed. In statistical analysis, quantitative analysis of phonological and lexical dealt. Items syllable, coda consonants, ivowel, bisexual bar. Nasal, liquid, etc coda plosive. Analyzed and compared with the traditional style. In analyzing patterns of individual word nonstatistical two items dealt with the honorific. In chapter 3, the limits of linguistic analysis has been developed with the profession to discuss. Linguistic analysis, statistical analysis of the benefits of giving unity to the whole works, and works will benefit analysis. Nonstatistical analysis of the benefits of the writers and the overall image of the work and aesthetic interpretation is that a key role. Linguistic approach to the city, despite the many advantages, has some weaknesses and limitations. Stylistic analysis of the target audience without exception, only in the eyes of writers and analysts is overlooking. The stylistic analysis of the future response of the readers of scientific, objective and based on this new style of data analysis techniques in the direction of the development will have to.

This study aims to draw the boundary between lexical category and grammatical category in Korean Language education for foreigners. Many important chunk of language include grammatical items like postpositions, endings, and bound nouns. Therefore, lexical expressions like ‘-gi ttaemune(-기 때문에), -e daehayeo(-에 대하여)’ are included in grammatical category classified as sentence patterns in some Korean textbooks. Since although these include grammatical items, the meaning and usage of these expressions is lexical, these must be classified as lexical expressions in lexical category. The chunk of language can be devided as sentence patterns and lexical expression to draw a line between lexical category and grammatical category. ‘N+ida(copula)’ like ‘dahaeng+ida(다행이다), nareum+ida(나름이다)’ to be considered as a predicate because it acts as a predicate in Korean sentence patterns. The sentence patterns have a predicate, it can be taught as grammatical category. But predicates in sentence patterns have various meanings and functions, they are taught as lexical category.

This study aims to explain the basic meaning of the korean verb “Geol-Da” from examples of korean dictionaries with a method of showing several visual figures. Through those figures, I want to set the basic meaning of “Geol-Da” and try to extend the various meanings of “Geol-Da”. And I will try to show the common and different points among the various meanings of “Geol-Da”. And finally I want to this method to be applied and used in the korean language classes with understanding cognitive processes of “Geol-Da”. Chapter 1 is the outlook of the paper. Chapter 2 shows the study method. Chapter 3 represents the analysis of “Geol-Da”’s meanings with figures. Chapter 4 is the application methods for education of the Korean verb ‘Geol-Da’. Chapter 5 is the conclusion.

The purpose of this paper is to characterize the lexical system and the classificatory criterion of the pre-modern Korean glossaries by analyzing the head-words in the glossaries of the pre-modern Korean like Yŏgŏ-ryuhae(譯語類解), Waeŏ-ryuhae(倭語類解), Tongmun-ryuhae(同文類解), Mongŏ-ryuhae(蒙語類解), Bangŏnryusŏk(方言類釋), Jaemulbo(才物譜), Kwang-Jaemulbo(廣才物譜), Mul-bo(物譜), Mulmyeong-gwal(物名括), Mulmyeong-Go(物名考/攷), Mulmyeong- Ryuhwi(物名類彙), Mulmyeong-Chan(物名纂), Jap-Mulryujip(雜物類集). This study also aims to contribute to the description of lexical history of Korean. Chapter 1 introduces the aim of the study. In chapter 2, the author compares and shows the common features and the differences of the categories in the glossaries mentioned earlier. In chapter 3, the author focuses on the categories about human-beings which characterizes the classificatoty criterion of the words-grouping in the glossaries. In chapter 4, we examine the head-words in the categories about human-beings and their Korean/Sino translations. Chapter 5 is the conclusion. The head-words in the glossaries are classified according to the category. These categories are joined with the adjacent ones, which means that the authors of the glossaries had a correct understanding of lexical field. In Yuhaeryuseo and Mulmyeongryuseo, vast amount of vocabularies are included. By investigating the categories and the head-words, we can get hint on the way of thinking of peoples at a certain periods of time.

This study aims to figure out the aspects of multiple meanings used in ordinary communication situations. Generally, it has been considered ideal for a speaker and listener to deliver and understand one proper meaning in communicative situations. Thus, multiple meanings are recognized as a great hindrance factor in communicative situations. However, it seems that ambiguous or vague expressions are widely and naturally used in ordinary communication situations. Though people seem to select one clear meaning in communicative situations, analyzing meaning is, in fact, conducted through repeated adjustments, and sometimes, detailed meaning is ignored in the macroscopic dimension. Multiple meanings can be a crucial feature allowing each individual to use their own meaning. The use of multiple meanings vitalizes language and makes us share our subjective concept systems to express meaning and remotivate us to use meaning for new communication. multiple meanings are used in a way of metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, or antonymy. Here, metaphor is used by utilizing the change of concept or belief system. Metaphor is not just a cognitive function but a function to presume to solidify intimacy between the speaker and listener. Metonymy lets us use knowledge related with vocabulary widely. And synecdoche allows us to use multisemy of hierarchical relations with our categorical knowledge of the world. Antonymy functions as weak objection, criticism, or compliment. The fact that people use this ambiguity of vocabulary complexly implies that we need to concentrate on using multiple meaning itself rather than eliminating ambiguity or vagueness.

This study is conducted to put the simulation based model of network in analyzing the particle ‘-ro’. The previous works of simulation based model has proved its adequacy in explaining the systematic structure of polysemous verbs. It draws particular attention whether this model could be applied to Korean particles. In traditional approaches, Korean particles are regarded as case-markers, and case marking to be purely grammatical elements devoid of semantic content. However, polysemy is the normal situation for both lexical and grammatical morphemes. And, in Cognitive Grammar, only symbolic units are required even for the description of grammatical structure. Therefore, the particle ‘-ro’ is also supposed to have the meaning network of polysemy which is grounded on the simulated experience, with corresponding constructions interacting with it. In conclusion, the semantics network of ‘-ro’ has turned out to have 8 extended meanings connected to one basic meaning, overall structure of which is parallel to the case of verbs. For the sake of authenticity, the result is attested by corpus data.