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By analyzing metaphors used in business newspaper texts, this research aims to figure out metaphor’s power to construct discourse. Studied on how it is generated, metaphor can be seen as a process of creative thinking. Understood from the discourse it generates, however, it is also a power of language that composes and creates phenomena. While comparing one concept to the other, metaphor constitutes a way of thinking that seeks for a new classification as it finds out similarities or differences between the two concepts. At the same time, it holds ideological power that reorganizes the world through language by creating new discourse in the process. Business newspapers aim to express economic phenomena into language and in particular, it symbolizes a kind of text where a professional sector meets with our daily lives. In such texts, metaphors play the role of providing frames in accordance with narrator’s perspective. In business newspapers, metaphor is a tool used for designating things and conceptualizing events. With its power to compose discourse, it also serves as a mechanism to adjust the frame we take when looking at conflicts and to recreate phenomena.

This study investigated the effect of vocabulary learning strategies on the loan word acquisition of North Korean refugees. The study employed three strategies such as strategy of connecting associational words, strategy of using new words on sentences, strategy of studying word with a pictorial representation of its meaning, and rote memorization as a control treatment. 11 North Korean refugees studied new loan words using strategies. The immediate test and post test were conducted to evaluate the effect of each strategy. This study found out that (i) the accuracy rate is the highest with a strategy of using new words on sentences in the immediate and post test, but the favorable strategy is a strategy of connecting associational words (ii) there were significant correlations between the accuracy rate with life satisfaction in the immediate tests, but with age in the post tests. Most participants appealed that studying vocabulary with strategies was helpful and that self-directed workbook of loan words was necessary.

This study aims to analyse lexical co-occurrence and colligation of Korean verbs of endurance and to reveal how description of lexical tendencies contribute to discrimination of synonyms. The data used for this study is 2,928 sentences of verbs of endurance which are collected in the 21st Sejong Balanced Corpus. In Chapter 2, the theoretical background of a quantitative approach to grammatical tendency is introduced as a methodology of data-oriented linguistics, focused on systemic functional grammar, lexical priming theory and so on. Chapter 3 consists of two parts, one is colligation of negation and the other is semantic preference of arguments, comparing the outputs of the analysis with other Korean sentences extracted in the 21st Sejong Balanced Corpus. This study proposes the analysis of lexical tendencies and grammatical preference play an important role in explaining the existence of synonyms.

This study intends to investigate which factor makes the differences in concept expansion and productivity of ‘N1-jaebae, N1-kyungjak’ compound words. Jaebae and kyungjak are predicative nouns which make the compound word with its argument in Korean. However there are differences in concept expansion and productivity of compound words. Jaebae compound words mean mainly method, but kyungjak compounds means activity, and method. The differences between those concepts are originated from the previous understanding of Korean speaker over kyungjak and jaebae activities. What is more the productivity of two compound nouns are different. That reason is which is important in human life, new words which are indicated those thing are made productively. So there are differences between that two compound nouns. This study shows that the factor of concept expansion is under ‘previous understanding’ which belongs to language, and the factor of productivities’ change is under ‘the law of proximity’ which belongs to social environments of Korean speaker.

This study aims at finding the methodology for the meaning of colloquial vocabulary by arranging the history of research of corpus-based register variation. Many studies using corpora have focused on variation by comparing two or more dialects, channels, genres, sublanguages or varieties of language in order to uncover the main differences and similarities between them. In one language, there are many types of sublanguage existed and this sublanguage can be divided and understood in the aspects of genre, language register, and style. In this study, I’d like to determine how to suggest the methodology for the study of meaning by studying the variation of corpus linguistics. To understand the language register is to understand various usages of language forms in the discourse level out of sentence level. Therefore, we can understand the meaning of spoken language vocabulary in the discourse level by focusing on the study of language register variation including spoken language. In Chapter 2, I organized the relationship between corpus linguistics and semantic study as a basic theoretical discussion. In Chapter 3, thereafter, I organized what type of variation study was processed following the corpus annotation. I organized the study of various registers by dividing into raw corpus, POS tagged corpus, and speech corpora. Finally, in the Chapter 4, I introduced a methodology for the study of meaning targeting sense tagged corpus.

The purpose of this study is to examine the pragma-linguistic aspects of miscommunication and misunderstandings that occur in conversations between married couples in Korea. An attention is paid to six different types of conversations, depending on the interlocutors’ intentional cooperation and rapport-management orientation. A special focus is laid not just on the concern for their ‘face’ but also on their perception of sociality rights — a key notion proposed by Spencer -Oatey (2000, 2005) in accounting for (dis)harmony and (un) smoothness in verbal communication. We apply these theoretical notions and principles to a set of real, natural conversation data that represent each type of marital conversations. Finally, the results of our analysis are discussed in comparison with Jeon’s (2009, 2011) analyses of speech acts of refusals and disagreement.

This paper aims to demonstrate the validity of establishing Function Unit in Sino-Korean through diverse phenomena and consider the related issues. There are two kinds of grammar, where one is two-character grammar, and the other is three-character grammar. While three-character grammar is based on Function Unit, the reality of Function Unit can be verified through overlapping synonymous words and some phonological phenomena such as liquidization and glottalization, initial sound law. Especially the liquidization difference between 권력(勸力)[궐력] and 공권력(公權力)[공권녁] means the necessity of establishing Function Unit which is different from a morpheme boundary. And the fact that the first initial law applies to examples such as 재논의(再論議), 남존여비(男尊女卑), the glottalization difference which is found in suffixal 성(性), 병(病) point to the same direction. 성(性), 병(病) are not glottalized in forming two-character words such as 감성(感性), 간병(看病), but are glottalized in forming three-character words such as 타당성(妥當性), 광견병(狂犬病). When it combines with one syllable words, the glottalization occurs only if the words are Function Unit. So 당성(黨性), 폐병(肺病) shows a glottalization as expected. Likewise two kinds of 자(者) are identified according to whether it is combined through three-character grammar(ex: 철학자[哲學者]) or two-character grammar(ex: 학자[學者]). These are different with respect to its distribution and frequency, the lexical strength of preceding bases.

The purpose of this article lies in the study of the ‘Hallyu’ condition observed from the Korean learners’ perspective and the contemplation of its implication in Korean Education. For this purpose, through ‘Hallyu’ associative sentential writing, a qualitative analytic method was applied, and the sentences written by the learners were categorized according to its content. Recently, ‘Hallyu’ has risen as a popular subject point, extending beyond geographical borders and without conformation to a specific domain or field. Moreover, with the value and importance of hallyu in Korean education progressively being emphasized, ‘hallyu’ is becoming a central motivating factor behind learning Korean or the content and background to Korean teaching. However, heretofore, the discussion behind the image of hallyu perceived within the Korean learners’ minds(schema) have proved to be insufficient. Hallyu exists in diverse conditions from a macroscopic level that includes the whole of Korean culture to a microscopic state that singles out a particular song of a specific artist. Therefore, the observation of the appearance of ‘hallyu’ within the Korean learners’ background knowledge is essential to an efficient Korean education. As the result of an analysis of this study based on Korean learners attending universities in Korea, an identification of the condition of hallyu and its examples signifying largely ‘Korean popular culture’ as well as ‘Korean food’, ‘Korean learning’, ‘Korea-related trends and information’ was made. This article will provide a Korean instructor who wills to plan and manage one’s lessons at learners’ eye-level with a useful basis and methodology when searching for a method to efficiently connect and reflect ‘hallyu’ in actual lessons.

This study aims to examine the semantic properties of Korean sentence-final ending ‘-guna’. In the semasiological perspective, the primary meaning of ‘-guna’ is “acquiring new knowledge accompanied with thinking”. The semantic focus of ‘-guna’ is not on the degree of assimilation, but on the procedure of knowing itself, so the meaning of ‘-guna’ is related to the category of assimilation just in indirect way. However, in the onomasiological perspective, it could be considered that ‘-guna’ specifies the property of ‘unassimilated knowledge’. Even though ‘-guna’ is not directly related to evidentiality, it ‘is used’ to express an information by speaker’s inference. This is because an inference is a kind of ‘thinking.’ The property of ‘inference’ that ‘-guna’ can express is different from ‘guess’ or ‘probability’ of ‘-gess-’ in that ‘-guna’ is neutral in the epistemic judgement.

The aim of this study is to reveal the syntactic and semantic properties of ‘-keyss-’ in Korean and examine the usage patterns. We based our analysis on the corpus of four genres; newspapers, novels, quasi-spoken, and spoken language. Examining the usage of ‘-keyss-’ through the corpus, we find that ‘-keyss-’ has diverse semantic properties and usage patterns depending on genres. Examining the frequency of ‘-keyss-’, we see three kinds as follows: First, in the spoken corpus compared with in the written corpus ‘-keyss-’ appears twice as often. Second, by genre, ‘-keyss-’ appears, in order of increasing frequency, newspapers < novels < quasi spoken < spoken. Third, the usage patterns are different regarding on genres. Most of the ‘-keyss-’ could be translated as ‘supposition’ or ‘willingness’. In the newspaper, however, ‘-keyss-’ is more often used to mean ‘will’ rather than ‘supposition’, and it is remarkable that ‘-keyss-’ is mostly used in a pattern of the quotation which express the ‘willingness’ of the subject as a third person. On the contrary, in the novel, ‘-keyss-’ has more often the meaning of ‘supposition’ rather than ‘willingness’. It shows that there is a different aspect of the usage depending on the genre, even though the written language is the same. Especially, the spoken corpus has an overwhelming number of idiomatic expressions such as alkesssupnida (‘I understand’), kamsahakesssupnida (‘I appreciate’), for which the meaning of ‘willingness’ and ‘supposition’ is hard to apply.

The purpose of this paper is to build an Ontology for Korean language education, especially focused on learner who is placed in advanced level. Lexical items, in here, are from the vocabulary index for foreign learners which is a one of report of the national institute of the Korean language. For building a ontology, each meaning of verbs has to be analyzed. This paper focused on the [cognitive act] class. In section 3, class hierarchy and definition, lexical definition and semantic relation, case frame structure and argument information are described, and these information are referred to CoreNet and Sejong Electronic Lexicon of Korean. For building Korean educational ontology, in senction 4, prótége 4.1 which is a one of ontology construction tool was used. Each verb and noun(argument) was inserted into it’s class and connected by property relation markers.

This paper aims to redefine the concept of ‘modality’ and ‘attitude of the speaker’ in terms of the proposition. The modality is grammatical category which expresses “a sperker cannot assert that the sentence is a proposition.” Therefore negation, tense, aspect, speech acts and sentence type cannot be modality because a sentence with negation, tense or aspect still represent truth values, speech acts presupposes that content with proposition isn’t the world, and sentence type is necessary in Korean. The modality represents irrealis as subcategory of mood and can be divided into epistemic modality and deontic modality.