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The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively examine the significance and limitations of the structural perspective study on lexical semantic relations, and to explore ways to view the expansion of semantic relations from an integrated perspective. The flow of research on semantic relations from the structuralist point of view was focused on examining how the perspective of ‘opposition’ has changed. In addition, through the contrast between structuralism and contextualism, we examined how the opposing perspectives of structure/context, langue/parole, and concept/use led to differences in looking at lexical semantic relations. Language is not perfectly systematic, but it is not totally disordered, and establishing a present system in the process of order and disorder cycles is the essential goal of lexical semantic research. To this end, concepts and usage can play a complementary role. In discussing the change and direction of the structuralism, there is a need to look at the semantic relations in an integrated manner and to capture aspects of the formation of new semantic relations. The semantic relations that have been discussed separately as ‘synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy’ are only partially shown to specify the whole lexical semantic system. It needs to be systematically integrated.

This paper aims at revealing the semantic relation in new words formation, based on Choi(2018), by dividing it into two categories of ‘between words’ and ‘word inside’. Firstly for ‘between words’, if we focus on the new words only in the output, hyponymy is the most productive method. However, if we focus on the new words including input as well, antonymy is the most productive method. This means that antonymy has a property of filling the gap between lexemes. In contrast, synonymy is the most unproductive method. This shows that synonymy causes both economical inefficiency and redundancy of lexicon. These aspects are applied similarly to the semantic relation of ‘word inside’. Antonymy is the most productive method in new words formation. And synonymy and hyponymy are unproductive in new words formation. Synonymy just has an effect of emphasis and hyponymy leads to redundancy. In spite of these distinctions, it is hard to deny that semantic relation takes some sort of role in new words formation regardless of ‘between words’ and ‘word inside’.

This study intends to investigate semantic relations of a headword, namely synonyms, references, honorific terms, humble terms, original lexical terms, abbreviated forms. For this study we are comparing the information on lexical semantic relations that has been compiled in The Great Dictionary of Standard Korean with The Dictionary for Korean Learner’s. We have presented the semantic relations following the five types of the Dictionary (synonyms, references, honorific terms, original lexical forms, abbreviated forms). Especially, when we are presenting the lexicographic presentation of synonyms, we must consider to provide consistent information on lexical enters and also make it convenient and efficient for language use or education.

This study discusses how to view semantic relations from a contextual perspective. From a contextualist point of view, semantic relations do not exist as a fixed within the vocabulary, but rather in the individual context of use of those who use the language. So semantic relationship is variable and complex depending on usage. Meaning depends on the individual who uses the language with intent, and people reasonably interpret individual meanings. In this process, meaning is always used for communication in an unstable state of change. Semantic relations exist not as a coherent structure but as a complex system that is constantly changing, as previously thought. Therefore, in order to understand this, we should 107pay attention to the use of semantics that progress from time to time, and through this, we can capture semantic relationships as a new structure.(Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

This paper is intended to examine the particular function of the connective ending ‘-jiman’, which has traditionally been rarely noticed or discussed as an exceptional usage. In the preceding study, it has been a general trend to treat these uses as having new functions, such as ‘presupposition’ or ‘excuse’, or to treat them exceptionally as a conventional or idiomatic expression. The underlying reason for this tendency is that the antecedent clause and following clause were not well explained by connection concepts such as ‘contrast’, which is the main function of ‘-jiman’. However, this paper tried to explain them within the function of ‘contrast’. To this end, the concepts of ‘pragmatic ambiguity’ and ‘the speech act domain’ were taken to provide a basis that such usage can be explained as having a single meaning function. In addition, through the fact that there is a ‘asymmetric relation’ between the speaker and the hearer, it is revealed that the pragmatic function uniquely represented by the ‘-jiman’ is the contrasting situations between them. In this process, the study also revealed how the complex sentences was constructed. In other words, the following clauses realized what the speaker wanted to say, and the antecedent clauses represented that such utterances was not appropriate in the present context. At this time, ‘-jiman’ connecting these clauses indicates that there is a contrasting situation between the speaker and the hearer regarding the utterance of the following clause. In addition, regarding the contents of the antecedent clauses, it also revealed that various pragmatic effects such as ‘excuse’, ‘politeness’, and ‘emphasis’ could be additionally expressed.

The purpose of this study is to look at the status of the prosody studies in the interactive data and to examine the dialog analysis studies conducted on the same subject to see how the two fields of research can be mutually complementary. For this purpose, I looked at the interface between the field of conversation analysis and phonetics research and examined how the two fields can conduct research complementary to each other through the relevant previous studies. Included in the analysis were a range of grammatical forms and discourse markers, e.g., -nuntey, -cianha, -geodeun. Based on this, I proposed some contents about the future tasks of conversation analysis studies considering the characteristics of speech language. First of all, to look at the functions of grammatical forms and prosodic features based on conversational data, the construction of dialogue corpus must be made. And it should include video and voice data, including nonverbal information such as speakers’ facial expressions, attitudes and gestures, as well as multimodal corpus. In addition, research subjects will have to be expanded more widely. For example, from the perspective of the conversation analysis, it would be necessary to look at the aspects of the prosodic elements that appear in turn-taking, adjacent pairs, sequence organization, and revision organization. Finally, it is necessary for researchers of conversation analysis and phonology, syntax, and semantics to share the subject of each other’s research.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss what should be considered in the process of establishment of the semantic role label set and semantic role annotation for a semantic role annotated Korean corpus. This paper first compares the semantic role label lists of dictionaries or corpora that are built on a large scale, and examines the status of the semantic role annotation, and examines the issues related to the semantic role annotation of arguments. Accordingly, semantic role labels for adjunct are proposed. For the practical purposes, such as the establishment of an automatic response system, it would be advisable to use the same semantic role set to identify the agreement between the two sentences, but the current paper proposes the semantic role annotation suitable for expressing the relationship between the predicate and the arguments in a sentence. Decisions on how to solve the semantic annotation problems of Korean sentences should be made before a balanced list of semantic role label sets and clear work instructions can be drawn up.

This paper look back on the past old Korean translation, and modern times translation. On translation, Semantic equivalence is very important, but the procure of semantic equivalence is not easy. Korean Translation has influenced by Japanese Translation culture, especially modern Japanese Translation(in Japanese occupation times). Between literal translation and liberal translation, there are many discussions. The liberal translation has a advantage for readers but it has a shortcoming, it’s shortcoming is the influence of translator who has no intention(sometimes he has intension, and rarely misunderstand of other cultures). The literal translation quote the author’s intention. The literal translation is the only way of prevention against mistranslation. To quote author’s intention, we must translate literally. The other reason which is cultural or social background is not considered, the understanding of a sentence is the portions of readers.

This paper aims to define the function of the final ending ‘-dago’ in interrogative sentences. The final ending ‘-dago’ in interrogative sentences has a different function than other interrogative sentences. Generally, interrogative sentences have a function that a speaker who has no knowledge about proposition wants to get information. But this ‘-dago’ don’t have that function. In this paper, final ending ‘-dago’ was classified into two types, depending on whether the subject of the main sentence was restored, whether the form changed according to the sentence type, and whether ask again what. The function of the final ending ‘-dago’ in an interrogative sentence is related to hearsay and quotative evidentiality. The first type ‘-dago’ function as hearsay and quotative evidentiality marker. And the function of the second type ‘-dago’ is hearsay and quotative evidentiality strategy. Because the first type is satisfied criteria of hearsay and quotative evidentiality marker, but the second type doesn’t. The first type of ‘-dago’ already exists, but the second type of ‘-dago’ the reason for the development is to supplement the part that is not represented, the first type. For the first type of ‘-dago’, it is not possible to start discourse and the source of the information is limited to the last speaker. The second type, on the other hand, can start discourse and there are no restrictions on the source of information.

This paper studies on the relation that is located between oppositeness and some procedures in word formation. Even though ‘mul(water)’ and ‘bul(fire)’ are ontologically irrelevant, we recognize that the compound pairs such as ‘mulsuneung(extremely easy scholastic ability test)’ and ‘bulsuneung(extremely difficult scholastic ability test) are semantically opposed. This phenomenon shows that some semantic oppositions can be established through a certain intention of speaker or contextual information in addition to semantic information. Apart from that the oppositeness exists or not and that it is remarkable or not, it is revealed that the opposition can be established or strengthened even in a specific pair by the speaker’s intention or contextual information. Especially This suggests the existence of a path for information outside our lexicon to reach it. And of course, the structure of lexicon that includes this path must be elaborated.