KJC Korea
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The purpose of this paper is to delineate ‘-eoji-’ as a modal marker which expresses the meaning of certainty. The previous discussions assert that the modal meanings of ‘-eoji-’ are “overcoming difficulty”, “part of a larger process”, “unintentionality and ability” and “change”, but these discussions have some limitations. In order to supplement existing discussions, this paper proposes the modal meaning of “certainty”. To elaborate, ‘-eoji-’ indicates “certainty” through three semantic areas, which are themselves [certainty], [recognition/inference] and [awareness]. In this regard, this paper explains the process of the grammaticalization of ‘-eoji-’, as well as its acquisition of modal meanings, through both the basis of the metonymic-metaphorical model and through reanalysis.

This paper noted that the combination of Oda and adjectives is very constrained, and examined what caused the combination to occur. First, the combination of Oda and adjectives assumed that the use of the auxiliary verb Oda was expanded, and examined the relationship between the detailed functions of Oda. Comparing to the continuation of the motion which is another function of Oda, the two functions differ greatly in the time characteristics of their configurations. And the verbs that can be combined with Oda to draw a change in state is also very semantically constrained. Therefore the function of state change cannot be regarded as a variation according to the specific context of the function of the continuation of the motion, but can be viewed as an independently developed function.The function of Oda is considered to have the characteristic of the main verb, and we looked at how it affects the combination of Oda and adjectives. Oda can't be combined with Meolda, and it is interpreted that the restriction on the direction of movement of the main verb Oda has affected the usage of auxiliary. Oda is usually combined with adjectives that represent a situation in which changes occur gradually. This characteristic of adjectives that can precede Oda is related to the meaning of movement.

This study introduces methods that can objectively and scientifically capture and describe changes in meaning using corpus data through studies applying statistical methods that have been conducted recently. For statistical inference on the change in meaning, historically recorded data must be quantified and used through a specific calculation method. A representative method of numerically analyzing language data is to use the Semantic Vector Space(SVM), which is also commonly used in the language data analysis method that has been very active in recent years. Recently, a great progress has been made in capturing and explaining semantic changes using these methods. Quantitative estimation of semantic change using computational statistics is based on frequency-based, similarity-based, and network-based methods depending on the representation of meaning can be divided into. The difference between the use of meaning in the present and the use of meaning in the past can be confirmed by comparing the context similarity of the text. If there is a large change in usage compared to the present, the context similarity will be lower, and if there is no change, the context similarity will be high. In order to grasp a detailed and specific change in meaning, a method of comparing a list of key expressions or words that well reveals the meaning of the context can be used by calculating the similarity between expressions or words in the corpus by period. Meaning expansion and reduction, which are representative results of meaning change, can be grasped by measuring the change in the scope of use, and the rise and fall of meaning can be grasped through sentiment analysis. By statistically analyzing the historical corpus in this way, it is possible to statistically grasp the historical changes in the meaning of the Korean language, and suggest implications on how to identify and analyze the change in language meaning.

This paper aims to investigate the meaning of a modal-conjunctive adverb ‘Hagineun’ in detail considering its preceding and following contexts. The meaning of ‘Hagineun’ is closely related to the logic of expectation, a semantic category concerning whether a given state of affairs accords with the speaker’s original expectation or prediction or not. It is required for characterizing semantics of the adverb to take account of different aspects such as the semantic relation of the preceding and following sentences, ontology and epistemology of the sentence meaning, and the discourse type. When the S1 denotes a state of affairs, it represents a situation which does not accord with the speaker’s expectation and the S2 expresses his/her acception of the situation. In the case of the S1 denoting the speaker’s opinion, his/her own original claim is expressed in the S1 and then his/her admission of the opposing one is conveyed in the S2. In an integrated viewpoint, the speaker can be seen to express his/her original thoughts in the S1 and then change his/her mind to accept the opposite thoughts in the S2. The relevant meaning for the interpretation of ‘Hagineun’ may be conveyed either in a direct or indirect way. Besides, the speaker’s thoughts should be changed in the flow of the discourse, and the grounds for the acception showed in the S2 should be a part of the speaker’s internalized knowledge at the moment of utterance.

This study investigated the syntactic and semantic characteristics of two linguistic elements ‘-gess-(-겠-)’ and ‘-l geusi-(-ㄹ 것이-)’, which have similar meanings and distributions through semantic network analysis. Since ‘-gess-’ and ‘-l geusi-' both represent the meaning of [guess] and [intention], the semantic network was analyzed by dividing them into two. As a result, there was a difference in the preceding and following components, which are mainly combined in both [guess] and [intention], of ‘-gess-’ and ‘-l geusi-'. Through this, it was possible to find out in what aspect the meaning of these two linguistic elements has a distinctiveness. This study explored a new method of Korean linguistic research by adding the latest big data analysis techniques to the previous corpus linguistic research achievements. This study is significant in that it accurately describes the connection relationship between specific language elements that have not been revealed before.

This paper aims to investigate semantic/pragmatic function of ‘-tayi’ type sentence ending expressions in Busan dialect. This paper claims that ‘-tayi’ is used to explicitly suggest the addressee to accept the propositional content of the utterance, presupposing that i)the proposition is relevant with respect to the potential decision problem the addressee may encounter; and that ii)the possiblity of the addressee’s commitment to the proposition is relatively low. ‘-layi’ and ‘-cayi’ express that the speaker is suggesting that the addressee perform the action expressed by the utterance, presupposing that the possibility of the addressee’s performing the action is relatively low. Under the scoreboard semantics, these meanings are expressed as follows: ‘-tayi’ updates not only the speaker’s DC but also the addressee’s projected DC. The discourse effect of ‘-layi’ and ‘-cayi’ are similar to that of ‘-tayi’ but differ in that they update the hearer’s projected TODO.

This study proposed a change in the direction of Korean language education on vagueness in terms of viewing vagueness as a natural language attribute and communication strategy. The point of the proposal is that the various semantic functions of vagueness should be incorporated into the educational content. Chapter 2 sets the foundation for educational discussion by clarifying the conceptual domain of vagueness and describing its core semantic functions. We discussed that vagueness is a dynamic concept that occurs in communication situations, and that its fundamental function is 'extension of interpretable scope'. In addition, it was emphasized that 'expanding the interpretable range' plays a role in leading communication to various forms by influencing the establishment of relationships between expressors and receptors, the main agents of communication. Chapter 3 reflected on the current status of Korean language education on vagueness and proposed that the contents of education limited to the "accuracy" layer should be expanded to the "appropriateness and validity" level. Chapter 4 presents various semantic functions in which vagueness is expressed in conjunction with the context of communication, focusing on the syntax of dependent noun 'Deung', and presents detailed goals that Korean language education can take in each aspect. The above discussion is significant in that it pointed out the limitations of traditional Korean language education, which has been dealing only with vagueness as a negative factor that impairs 'accuracy', and proposed a more extended educational perspective.