Metaphorical Extensions of Thing Concepts in Korean: A Corpus-based Study

LIM, HYEWON

Lim Hyewon. 2006. Metaphorical Extensions of Thing Concepts in Korean: A Corpus-based Study. Korean Semantics, 19. In a cognitive linguistic approach, metaphor is to understand one thing in terms of another. For example, we metaphorically understand some abstract concepts as some objects existing in physical world. Such metaphorical understanding is reflected in language. This paper explores metaphorical extensions of THING concepts in Korean using corpus data to reveal how Korean language users understand and use the concepts of THING. More specifically, we examine how abstract concepts are metaphorically understood in terms of THING concepts. Since things are essential in our daily life, various thing concepts constitute source domain concepts for a large number of abstract target domain concepts. THING concepts are built upon our physical experiences and the knowledge about the things enables us to understand other abstract concepts metaphorically. In order to find metaphors that are based on THING concepts and that are frequently used, we examined relevant metaphorical expressions attested in spoken Korean corpus. We can find the metaphorical conceptualization of THING in terms of QUANTITY, WEIGHT, TEMPERATURE, BRIGHTNESS, DENSITY OF　THE THING based on the attributes of THING such as touching and handling the objects. Also we can find the metaphorical extension of SOLID, a state of things, in terms of SIZE, SHAPE, FEELS OF THE THING based on the attributes of THING such as grasping and manipulating the objects. Finally we can find the metaphorical extension of LIQUID, because of the nature of the liquid such as fluidity. This research validates cognitive processes by which language users understand abstract concepts in terms of concrete concepts. Also, those thing metaphors are of experiential basis, for they are motivated by physical experiences of Korean language users.

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