[book] Albanese, Catherine L. / 2007 / A Republic of Mind and Spirit: A Cultural History of American Metaphysical Religion / Yale University Press

[journal] Avenell, Simon / 2014 / What is Asia for Us and Can We Be Asians? The New Asianism in Contemporary Japan / Modern Asian Studies 48 : 1594~1636

[book] Bender, Courtney / 2010 / The New Metaphysicals: Spirituality and the American Religious Imagination / University of Chicago Press

[journal] Borup, Jørn / 2015 / Easternization of the East? Zen and Spirituality as Distinct Cultural Narratives in Japan / Journal of Global Buddhism 16 : 70~93

[book] Cealo, Gayuna / 2005 / Watashi wa watashi: Gayuna Cealo no Shidōroku / Chigensha

[book] DuBois, Thomas David / 2009 / Casting Faiths: Imperialism and the Transformation of Religion in East and Southeast Asia / Palgrave Macmillan

[book] Fuller, Robert C. / 2001 / Spiritual But Not Religious: Understanding Unchurched America / Oxford University Press

[journal] Gaitanidis, Ioannis / 2010 / Socio-Economic Aspects of the ‘Spiritual Business’ in Japan: A Survey among Professional Spiritual Therapists / Shūkyō to Shakai 16 : 143~160

[journal] Gaitanidis, Ioannis / 2011 / At the Forefront of a ‘Spiritual Business’:Independent Professional Spiritual Therapists of Japan / Japan Forum 23(2) : 185~206

[journal] Gaitanidis, Ioannis / 2012 / Spiritual Therapies in Japan / Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 39(2) : 353~385

[confproc] Gaitanidis, Ioannis / 2013 / Seishin ryōhō no iryōka: supirichuaru serapii no bunseki kara / Panel presentation at the 72nd Annual Conference of the Japanese Association of Religious Studies

[journal] Gaitanidis, Ioannis / 2014 / From Miko to Spiritual Therapist : Shamanistic Initiations in Contemporary Japan / Journal of Religion in Japan 3(1) : 1~35

[book] Goto, Ken’ichi / 2003 / Tensions of Empire: Japan and Southeast Asia in the Colonial and Postcolonial World / Ohio University Press

[journal] Goto-Jones, Christopher / 2014 / Magic, Modernity, and Orientalism:Conjuring representations of Asia / Modern Asian Studies 48(6) : 1451~1476

[book] Hammer, Olav / 2015 / The Occult World / Routledge : 372~381

[book] Hoover, Stewart M / 2006 / Religion in the Media Age / Routledge

[book] Horie, Norichika / 2013 / New Age Spirituality: Rethinking Religion / Acumen Publishing : 99~116

[book] Ichiyanagi, Hirotaka / 2006 / Okaruto no teikoku: 1970 nendai no Nihon o yomu / Seikyusha

[journal] Iida, Junko / 2013 / Holism as a Whole-body Treatment: The Transnational Production of Thai Massage / European Journal of Transnational Studies 5(1) : 81~111

[book] Isomura Kentarō / 2007 / Supirichuaru wa naze hayaru no ka / PHP Shinsho

[other] Joyce, Colin / 2007 / Yōkoso, Ehara wārudo e / Newsweek : 46~55

[book] Kan, Naoko / 2010 / Pawā supotto toshite no jinja / Pelican-sha : 232~252

[book] Langford, Jean M / 2002 / Fluent Bodies: Ayurvedic Remedies for Postcolonial Imbalance / Duke University Press

[book] Leheny, David / 2006 / Think Global, Fear Local: Sex, Violence, and Anxiety in Contemporary Japan / Cornell University Press

[web] Martin, Alex / 2009 / The Past, Present and Future of Fortune-telling / The Japan Times / http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/04/21/reference/the-past-present-and-future-of-fortunetelling/

[journal] Ogawa, Reiko / 2012 / Globalization of Care and the Context of Reception of Southeast Asian Care Workers in Japan / Southeast Asian Studies 49(4) : 570~593

[book] Okamoto, Ryōsuke / 2015 / Seichi Junrei: Sekai isan kara anime no butai made / Chūō-shinsho

[journal] Ono, Mayumi / 2015 / Commoditization of Lifestyle Migration : Japanese Retirees in Malaysia / Mobilities 10(4) : 609~627

[book] Owen, Suzanne / 2008 / The Appropriation of Native American Spirituality / Continuum

[book] Partridge, Christopher / 2013 / Contemporary Esotericism / Equinox Publishing : 113~133

[book] Peng Er, Lam / 2013 / Japan’s Relations with Southeast Asia: The Fukuda Doctrine and Beyond / Routledge

[book] Rose, Nikolas / 1998 / Inventing Our Selves: Psychology, Power and Personhood / Cambridge University Press

[book] Shimoda, Hikaru / 2013 / Japan since 1945: From Postwar to Post-Bubble / Bloomsbury : 242~256

[book] Singleton, Mark / 2010 / Yoga Body: The Origins of Modern Posture Practice / Oxford University Press

[book] Sunami, Eihiko / 2007 / Cealo no michi:Gayuna Cealo, hito no michi no oshie / Chigensha

[book] Srivinas, Tulasi / 2010 / Winged Faith: Rethinking Globalization and Religious Pluralism through the Sathya Sai Movement / Columbia University Press

[book] Srivinas, Tulasi / 2012 / The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements / Cambridge University Press : 184~197

[book] Tanaka, Stefan / 1993 / Japan's Orient: Rendering Pasts into History / University of California Press

[journal] Van der Deer, Peter / 2009 / Spirituality in Modern Society / Social Research 76(4) : 1097~1120

[book] Watanabe, Chika / 2015 / Global Secularisms in a Post-Secular Age / De Gruyter : 271~285

[book] Yoshinaga, Shin'ichi / 2015 / Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan / Routledge : 76~102